GUT MICROBIOTA COMPOSITION AND ITS METABOLITES CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To check changes of gut microbiota composition and its metabolites in atherosclerosis (AS) patients with or without atrial fibrillation (AF) and special connections between them and important clinic and laboratory features of investigated groups. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: 300 patients were investigated. All investigated were divided into 3 groups: control group (CG) - 27 patients without AS and arrhythmias; mean group - 149 patients with AS but without arrhythmias; comparable group - 124 patients with AS and AF paroxysm. By 16-S rRNA sequencing was checked gut microbiota composition. The level of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), trimethylamine (TMA) plasma was determined by gas chromatography with mass electron detection. RESULTS: Results: The mean and comparable groups have the significant abundance of total bacterial mass, Bacteroides Spp., Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii, Actinobacter Spp. and decreas¬ing Ruminococcus Spp. In the comparable group to the mean significant increasing of Actinobacter Spp. and decreasing Eubacterium Rectale, Ruminococcus Spp. were checked. Bacteroides Fragilis Group/ Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii ratio was significantly higher than in patients' comparable group. In the mean group patients compared with CG significant abundance of Streptococcus Spp. was checked. In the comparable group compared with CG significant leak of Eubacterium Rectale was checked. The highest amount of correlations was between Lactobacillus Spp., Streptococcus Spp. and clinic-laboratory changes. The mean and comparable groups the significant increasing of TMA ta TMAO plasma levels were checked. In patients of comparable group compared with patients mean group the significant increasing of TMAO plasma level was revealed. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: We checked special bacterial changes of gut microbiota that are common for patients with AS and AF comparable with AS patients. TMAO plasma levels are increased significantly for patients with AS and AF comparable with AS patients. Connections between AS and AF with TMAO plasma levels are confirmed by reliable correlations between TMAO and age, BMI, GFR, HDL levels. Special bacterial species are closely connected with age, BMI, GFR, HDL, LDL, plasma TMA and TMAO levels.

HEALTH DYNAMICS OF THE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS DURING SPORTS ACTIVITIES.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Is to investigate the dynamics of the morphofunctional development and physical health of students who were engaged in strength sports while studying at university. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The study involved 360 male students of different faculties between the ages of 17 and 20. Two groups of students were formed: experimental and control groups. The EG students (n=40) were engaged in strength sports (powerlifting, athletics, Crossfit); the CG students (n=320) were training according to the current program of physical education. The study of the morphofunctional development of students was carried out taking account of the indicators of body length, body weight, handgrip test, heart rate, blood pressure, and vital capacity. The level of students' health was examined according to the methodology of the assessment of the physical health level by G. L. Apanasenko. RESULTS: Results: It was established that strength sports at university affect physical development, functional abilities of the major systems of an organism, and the health state of future doctors in a more efficient way than the current program of physical education. It was found that the influence on the indicators of handgrip test, vital capacity, and heart rate of the EG students was the most prominent positive effect of sports. The evaluation of the calculated indexes (power index, life index) and the level of physical health confirmed this trend. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The conducted research asserts the necessity of introducing the sports-oriented form of the physical training organization at the medical higher education institutions of Ukraine to strengthen the students' health and to maintain the efficiency of the future doctors' professional activity.

Improvement of students' morpho-functional development and health in the process of sport-oriented physical education.

OBJECTIVE: The aim is to investigate the influence of sambo wrestling classes on the level of morpho-functional development and health of students during their studying. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The investigation was conducted in Zhytomyr National Agroecological University in 2017-2019. Ninety four students (51 male and 43 female) took part in the research. Two experimental and two control groups were formed: EG1 (n=25) and CG1 (n=26) involved male students, EG2 (n=21) and CG2 (n=22) - female students. The classes of EG were held according to the authors' methodology, the classes of CG - according to the current physical education program. The analysis of the indicators of weight, height, lungs capacity, handgrip test, heart rate, blood pressure, body mass index, life index, power index and Robinson's index was performed. The interrelation of students of EG and CG was defined according to the health levels at the beginning and at the end of the investigation. RESULTS: Results: It is determined that sambo wrestling classes had a positive influence on the students' muscles system improvement, increased lung capacity, reduced body mass, improved cardiovascular system, and improved health. CONCLUSION: Сonclusions: The improvement of the indicators of morpho-functional development and health of students during sambo wrestling classes will have a positive influence on their physical working capacity and the efficiency of their studying and future professional activities.