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1.
An Acad Bras Cienc ; 95(4): e20190182, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38088692

ABSTRACT

The present study aimed was to evaluate the spatial variability of weed species by means of phytosociological parameters and their correlations with the physical-chemical soil properties, under semiarid climate conditions. Weed phytosociology and soil characterization were carried out in two areas one newly deforested area covering 8.86 ha, and one experimental agricultural area covering 24.7 ha; both in the semi-arid region of Brazil. Weed and soil were sampled by following georeferenced grids in each area. Biomass and the total number of weed individuals, as well as soil properties, were mapped by the ordinary Kriging method. The predominant herbaceous plants in the newly deforested area were Hexasepalum teres and Digitaria insularis. The weed species that predominated in the agricultural area were Cyperus rotundus L., Euphorbia heterophylla L. and Herissantia Crispa (L.) Brizicky; the latter species outstanding for dry biomass (873.5g). Spatial dependence was observed for the predominant species, except for Digitaria insularis. The spatial distribution of these weeds was conditioned by soil K+ contents in both areas, and by sand content for the experimental agricultural area. Therefore, these two soil attributes resulted key factors for weed infestation in this semi-arid region.


Subject(s)
Agriculture , Soil , Humans , Soil/chemistry , Brazil , Agriculture/methods , Plant Weeds , Biomass
2.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 65(4b): 1134-1138, dez. 2007. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-477758

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of leukoaraiosis (LA) and its correlation with vascular risk factors and the cognitive performance of elderly patients. METHOD: 78 patients were randomly selected and submitted to clinic-laboratorial evaluation for vascular risk factors. Two cognitive tests were performed. All patients were submitted to cranial computerized tomography (CT), which was analyzed in two situations: the spontaneous and the directed way. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the prevalence of spontaneous and the directed diagnoses of LA (20.5 and 18 percent, respectively). The presence of LA was not significantly correlated with cognitive impairment. Only age was positively associated with LA. CONCLUSION: Cranial CT is a trustworthy method for the diagnosis of LA. Only age showed a positive association. No clinical implications were found, concerning the cognitive performance of the patients.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência da leucoaraiose (LA) em idosos e correlacioná-los com fatores de risco vasculares e seu desempenho cognitivo. MÉTODO: 78 pacientes foram selecionados aleatoriamente e submetidos a avaliação clinico-laboratorial para fatores de risco vascular. Dois testes cognitivos foram realizados. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a tomografia computadorizada (TC) de crânio, que foi analisada em duas situações: de forma espontânea e dirigida. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as formas de diagnóstico espontâneo e dirigido da LA (20,5 and 18 por cento, respectivamente). Com relação ao desempenho cognitivo, a presença da LA não determinou prejuízo significativo. Somente a idade mostrou associação positiva com a LA. CONCLUSÃO: A TC de crânio é um método confiável para o diagnóstico de LA. A idade foi o único fator de risco que mostrou associação positiva. Não houve prejuízo quanto ao desempenho cognitivo.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cognition Disorders , Leukoaraiosis , Brazil/epidemiology , Chronic Disease , Educational Status , Leukoaraiosis/epidemiology , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Severity of Illness Index , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
3.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr ; 65(2B): 377-80, 2007 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17664999

ABSTRACT

The interhemispheric coherence of electroencephalogram was studied in a group of healthy individuals in the age range of 20-50 years. The results showed higher coherence for all bands in parietal regions (P3-P4). It was observed that individuals with high values of coherence for a certain frequency band in a pair of electrodes also showed high values of coherence for other bands across other pairs of electrodes. No significant influence on interhemispheric coherence was found for age, gender or hand dominance.


Subject(s)
Cerebral Cortex/physiology , Electroencephalography , Functional Laterality/physiology , Adult , Age Factors , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Models, Neurological , Reference Values
4.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 65(2b): 377-380, jun. 2007. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-456836

ABSTRACT

The interhemispheric coherence of electroencephalogram was studied in a group of healthy individuals in the age range of 20-50 years. The results showed higher coherence for all bands in parietal regions (P3-P4). It was observed that individuals with high values of coherence for a certain frequency band in a pair of electrodes also showed high values of coherence for other bands across other pairs of electrodes. No significant influence on interhemispheric coherence was found for age, gender or hand dominance.


A coerência inter-hemisférica do eletrencefalograma foi estudada em uma população de indivíduos normais, na faixa etária de 20 a 50 anos. Os resultados mostraram maior valor de coerência para todas as bandas nas regiões parietais(P3-P4). Foi observado que em indivíduos com alto valor de coerência para determinada banda em um determinado par de eletrodos, também apresentam alto valor de coerência para outras bandas nos outros pares de eletrodos. Não foi observada influência da idade, sexo ou dominância manual no valor da coerência inter-hemisférica.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cerebral Cortex/physiology , Electroencephalography , Functional Laterality/physiology , Age Factors , Models, Neurological , Reference Values
5.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr ; 65(4B): 1134-8, 2007 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18345417

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of leukoaraiosis (LA) and its correlation with vascular risk factors and the cognitive performance of elderly patients. METHOD: 78 patients were randomly selected and submitted to clinic-laboratorial evaluation for vascular risk factors. Two cognitive tests were performed. All patients were submitted to cranial computerized tomography (CT), which was analyzed in two situations: the spontaneous and the directed way. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the prevalence of spontaneous and the directed diagnoses of LA (20.5 and 18%, respectively). The presence of LA was not significantly correlated with cognitive impairment. Only age was positively associated with LA. CONCLUSION: Cranial CT is a trustworthy method for the diagnosis of LA. Only age showed a positive association. No clinical implications were found, concerning the cognitive performance of the patients.


Subject(s)
Cognition Disorders/diagnostic imaging , Leukoaraiosis/diagnostic imaging , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil/epidemiology , Chronic Disease , Educational Status , Female , Humans , Leukoaraiosis/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Severity of Illness Index , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
6.
In. Pinto, Silvia Patrícia Lima de; Silva, Deolinda Pereira da; Munk, Márcia; Souza, Márcia Godinho Cerqueira de. O desafio multidisciplinar: um modelo de instituição de longa permanência para idosos. São Caetano do Sul, Yendis, 2006. p.189-198.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-457791
7.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr ; 63(3A): 643-7, 2005 Sep.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16172715

ABSTRACT

Vestibular paroxysmia is a syndrome of cross-compression of the VIII cranial nerve and was first described by Jannetta who used the term "disabling positional vertigo". This syndrome is characterized by brief attacks of vertigo, tinnitus, vestibular and auditory deficits. MRI may show the VIII nerve compression from vessels in the posterior fossa, such as the basilar, vertebral, anterior-inferior cerebellar or the posterior-inferior cerebellar arteries. Vestibular paroxysmia may be treated either with medical therapy, such as carbamazepine, phenytoin or gabapentin or with the microvascular decompression of the VIII nerve. This study describes eight patients with vestibular paroxysmia. Four of them showed also clinical signs suggesting cross-compression of the V and/or VII nerve. Seven patients treated with carbamazepine had significant improvement of vertigo and tinnitus.


Subject(s)
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/diagnosis , Nerve Compression Syndromes/diagnosis , Tinnitus/diagnosis , Vertigo/diagnosis , Vestibulocochlear Nerve , Aged , Amines/therapeutic use , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Carbamazepine/therapeutic use , Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids/therapeutic use , Female , Gabapentin , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/drug therapy , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Nerve Compression Syndromes/drug therapy , Retrospective Studies , Tinnitus/drug therapy , Vertigo/drug therapy , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/therapeutic use
8.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 63(3A): 643-647, set. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-409048

ABSTRACT

A paroxismia vestibular é uma síndrome de compressão do VIII nervo craniano e foi denominada inicialmente por Janetta "vertigem posicional incapacitante". Esta síndrome é caracterizada por episódios curtos de vertigem, zumbido, déficit vestibular e auditivo. A RM pode mostrar compressão do VIII nervo por vasos da fossa posterior, como a artéria basilar, artéria vertebral, artéria cerebelar inferior anterior, artéria cerebelar inferior posterior. A paroxismia vestibular pode ser tratada com terapia medicamentosa tais como carbamazepina, fenitoína ou gabapentina, ou com descompressão microvascular do VIII nervo. Este estudo descreve oito pacientes com paroxismia vestibular. Quatro deles mostraram também sinais clínicos sugerindo compressão do V e/ou VII nervos. Sete pacientes tratados com carbamazepina tiveram melhora significativa da vertigem e zumbido.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/diagnosis , Nerve Compression Syndromes/diagnosis , Tinnitus/diagnosis , Vestibulocochlear Nerve , Vertigo/diagnosis , Amines/therapeutic use , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Carbamazepine/therapeutic use , Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids/therapeutic use , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/drug therapy , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Nerve Compression Syndromes/drug therapy , Retrospective Studies , Tinnitus/drug therapy , Vertigo/drug therapy , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/therapeutic use
9.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr ; 63(1): 140-4, 2005 Mar.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15830080

ABSTRACT

The aims of this study were to identify the most common vestibular syndromes in a dizziness unit, and to observe their clinical aspects and response to treatment. Five hundred and fifteen patients were studied retrospectively in two institutions. Aspects of anamnesis, physical examination and the response to treatment were evaluated. The most frequent syndromes were: benign paroxysmal positioning vertigo (VPPB) (28.5%), phobic postural vertigo (11.5%), central vertigo (10.1%), vestibular neuritis (9.7%), Meniere disease (8.5%), and migraine (6.4%). A good response to treatment was observed in most patients with migraine (78.8%), VPPB (64%), vestibular neuritis (62%), Meniere disease (54.5%) and vestibular paroxismia (54.5%). On the other hand, patients with downbeat nystagmus and bilateral vestibulopathy had poor response (52.6% and 42.8%, respectively). The diagnosis of these most frequent vestibular syndromes were established through anamnesis and physical examination (with specific clinical tests for evaluation of the vestibular function). The correct diagnosis and adequate treatment are important since these syndromes may have a good prognosis.


Subject(s)
Vestibular Diseases/diagnosis , Vestibular Diseases/therapy , Female , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies , Vestibular Diseases/classification , Vestibular Function Tests
10.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 63(1): 140-144, Mar. 2005. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-398805

ABSTRACT

Os objetivos deste estudo foram identificar as síndromes vestibulares mais comuns nos ambulatórios de vertigem, suas características clínicas e semiológicas, e observar a resposta ao tratamento específico. Foram estudados retrospectivamente 515 pacientes atendidos em ambulatórios de duas instituições e avaliados aspectos da anamnese, exame físico e a resposta ao tratamento. As síndromes mais freqüentes foram: vertigem de posicionamento paroxística benigna (VPPB) (28,5 por cento), vertigem postural fóbica (11,5 por cento), vertigem central (10,1 por cento), neurite vestibular (9,7 por cento), doença de Menière (8,5 por cento), enxaqueca (6,4 por cento). Houve boa resposta ao tratamento nos pacientes com enxaqueca (78,8 por cento), VPPB (64 por cento), neurite vestibular (62 por cento), doença de Menière (54,5 por cento) e paroxismia vestibular (54,5 por cento), enquanto pacientes com nistagmo para baixo e vestibulopatia bilateral não tiveram resposta satisfatória (52,6 por cento e 42,8 por cento respectivamente). As síndromes vestibulares foram diagnosticadas através da anamnese e exame físico com testes clínicos específicos para avaliação da função vestibular. A identificação destas síndromes permitiu o tratamento adequado levando a uma boa evolução.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Vestibular Diseases/diagnosis , Vestibular Diseases/therapy , Retrospective Studies , Vestibular Function Tests , Vestibular Diseases/classification
11.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 58(2A): 272-5, Jun. 2000. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-261142

ABSTRACT

Estudamos a coerência inter-hemisférica do espectro do eletrencefalograma (EEG) obtido pela transformada rápida de Fourier, da região occipital do escalpo (eletrodos O1 e O2) para a banda de frequência alfa (alfa1 - 8,0 a 10,0 Hz e alfa2 -10,1 a 12,5 Hz) em indivíduos normais maiores de 50 anos e pacientes com diagnóstico provável de demência do tipo Alzheimer (DTA), no intuíto de observar se há diferenças entre estes parâmetros que contribuam com o diagnóstico desta enfermidade. Encontramos diminuição na coerência inter-hemisférica dos indivíduos com DTA para ambas as sub-bandas do ritmo alfa. Acreditamos que a análise de coerência do EEG possa ser um método de grande auxílio no diagnóstico de DTA.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Alpha Rhythm , Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis , Electroencephalography/methods , Alpha Rhythm , Case-Control Studies , Evaluation Study
12.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 56(3B): 595-600, set. 1998. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-220884

ABSTRACT

Estudamos com EEG quantitativo e topográfico (mapeamento cerebral) quatro pacientes com exames pregressos de EEG convencional mostrando foco de linha média. O estudo quantitativo revelou-se mais preciso na definiçao do foco, localizando o seu hemisfério de origem e definindo a atividade focal como parassagital. Estes achados deverao ser validados em estudos futuros com amostragem maior.


Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Adolescent , Brain Mapping , Electroencephalography , Epilepsies, Partial/diagnosis
13.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 56(1): 59-63, mar. 1998. ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-212443

ABSTRACT

Realizamos estudo com o intuito de normatizar a atividade elétrica cerebral de base de indivíduos adultos e normais, com EEG quantitativo e topográfico. Foram avaliados 20 pacientes que apresentaram exames clínico, laboratoriais e de análise visual do EEG normais, além do mini-exame do estado mental com escores superiores a 27 pontos. Após a aplicaçao da transformada rápida de Fourier (FFT) encontramos distribuiçao do espectro com padrao monomodal no histograma de barras às custas de maiores potenciais em regioes posteriores na faixa de frequência alfa. Ao analisarmos a média dos espectros nas diferentes bandas de frequência (delta, teta, alfa, beta 1, beta 2, beta 3) encontramos alguns padroes que diferem dos achados tradicionalmente descritos na eletrencefalografia com análise visual, tais como a presença de atividade alfa em regioes anteriores e atividade delta difusa durante a vigília. Os comportamentos das bandas beta 2, e beta 3, também com distribuiçao difusa, nao sao os classicamente encontrados. Por outro lado, outros achados sao congruentes à análise visual, como o predomínio alfa posterior e a maior presença de atividade teta em regioes centrais.


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Female , Humans , Brain Mapping , Brain/physiology , Electroencephalography , Fourier Analysis , Reference Values , Spectrum Analysis
14.
Säo Paulo; s.n; 1989. 115 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-204591

Subject(s)
Epilepsy , Sleep Stages
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