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1.
Small ; 20(20): e2306909, 2024 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38100246

ABSTRACT

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection presents increasing challenges to antibiotic therapies in limited penetration through gastric mucus, multi-drug resistance (MDR), biofilm formation, and intestinal microflora dysbiosis. To address these problems, herein, a mucus-penetrating phototherapeutic nanomedicine (RLs@T780TG) against MDR H. pylori infection is engineered. The RLs@T780TG is assembled with a near-infrared photosensitizer T780T-Gu and an anionic component rhamnolipids (RLs) for deep mucus penetration and light-induced anti-H. pylori performances. With optimized suitable size, hydrophilicity and weak negative surface, the RLs@T780TG can effectively penetrate through the gastric mucus layer and target the inflammatory site. Subsequently, under irradiation, the structure of RLs@T780TG is disrupted and facilitates the T780T-Gu releasing to target the H. pylori surface and ablate multi-drug resistant (MDR) H. pylori. In vivo, RLs@T780TG phototherapy exhibits impressive eradication against H. pylori. The gastric lesions are significantly alleviated and intestinal bacteria balance is less affected than antibiotic treatment. Summarily, this work provides a potential nanomedicine design to facilitate in vivo phototherapy in treatment of H. pylori infection.


Subject(s)
Helicobacter Infections , Helicobacter pylori , Mucus , Helicobacter pylori/drug effects , Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy , Mucus/metabolism , Animals , Phototherapy/methods , Photosensitizing Agents/pharmacology , Photosensitizing Agents/chemistry , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/drug effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Glycolipids/chemistry , Glycolipids/pharmacology , Mice , Administration, Oral
2.
Small ; 19(4): e2205248, 2023 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36417577

ABSTRACT

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been the leading cause of gastric cancer development. In recent years, the resistance of H. pylori against antibiotic treatment has been a great challenge for most countries worldwide. Since biofilm formation is one of the reasons for the antibiotic resistance of H. pylori, and phototherapy has emerged as a promisingly alternative antibacterial treatment, herein the bacteria-targeted near-infrared (NIR) photosensitizer (T780T-Gu) by combining positively-charged guanidinium (Gu) with an efficient phototherapeutic agent T780T is developed. The proposed molecule T780T-Gu exhibits synergistic photothermal therapy/photodynamic therapy effect against both H. pylori biofilms and multidrug-resistant (MDR) clinical strains. More importantly, the phototherapy mechanism of T780T-Gu acquired by the RNA-seq analysis indicates that structural deficiency as well as a decrease in metabolism and defense activity are the possible reasons for the efficient H. pylori phototherapy.


Subject(s)
Helicobacter Infections , Helicobacter pylori , Photochemotherapy , Humans , Photosensitizing Agents/pharmacology , Photosensitizing Agents/therapeutic use , Phototherapy , Biofilms , Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy , Helicobacter Infections/microbiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
3.
World J Clin Cases ; 8(15): 3341-3348, 2020 Aug 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32874991

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Suppurative oesophagitis is a diffuse inflammation of the oesophagus characterized by suppurative exudate or pus formation. Suppurative infections can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly the stomach, with inflammation involving the entire gastric cavity. However, cases extending beyond the cardia or pylorus and involving the oesophagus, small intestine, and colon are rare. Usually such cases are discovered during surgery or autopsy. CASE SUMMARY: We report a rare case of acute suppurative oesophagitis. A 57-year-old man presented at the Emergency Department of our hospital with fever and productive cough. The patient had a significant history of lower oesophageal mucosal frostbite. He was successfully diagnosed and treated with repeated gastroscopy, appropriate antibiotics, and innovative symptomatic treatment. CONCLUSION: Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of acute suppurative oesophagitis are critical. Nutritional support, postural drainage, and other symptomatic treatments must be considered.

4.
J Cell Biochem ; 120(9): 14885-14898, 2019 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31044454

ABSTRACT

Invasion and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) results in poor prognosis. Human intervention in these pathological processes may benefit the treatment of HCC. The aim of the present study is to elucidate the mechanism of miR-140-3p affecting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and metastasis in HCC. Microarray analysis was performed for differentially expressed genes screening. The target relationship between miR-140-3p and GRN was analyzed. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) against granulin (GRN) was synthesized. EMT markers were detected, and invasion and migration were evaluated in HCC cells introduced with a miR-140-3p inhibitor or mimic, or siRNA against GRN. A mechanistic investigation was conducted for the determination of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway-related genes and EMT markers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin). GRN was highlighted as an upregulated gene in HCC. GRN was a target gene of miR-140-3p. Elevation of miR-140-3p or inhibition of GRN restrained the EMT process and suppressed the HCC cell migration and invasion. HCC cells treated with the miR-140-3p mimic or siRNA-GRN exhibited decreased GRN expression and downregulated the expressions of the MAPK signaling pathway-related genes, N-cadherin, and Vimentin but upregulated the expression of E-cadherin. GRN silencing can reverse the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway and induction of EMT mediated by miR-140-3p inhibition. Taken together, the results show that miR-140-3p confers suppression of the MAPK signaling pathway by targeting GRN, thus inhibiting EMT, invasion, and metastasis in HCC.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology , Granulins/genetics , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , MAP Kinase Signaling System/genetics , MicroRNAs/genetics , Progranulins/genetics , Cadherins/genetics , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Movement/genetics , Databases, Genetic , Disease Progression , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Hep G2 Cells , Humans , Liver Neoplasms/genetics , MicroRNAs/biosynthesis , Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics , Neoplasm Metastasis/genetics , RNA Interference , RNA, Small Interfering/genetics , Up-Regulation/genetics , Vimentin/genetics
5.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 96(17): e6749, 2017 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28445299

ABSTRACT

RATIONALE: Bleeding esophageal and gastric varices constitute a serious complication in liver cirrhosis. Previous studies have shown that endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) can be used to predict early esophageal variceal bleeding in liver cirrhosis. PATIENT CONCERNS: We report a case of a 46-year-old man with hepatitis B liver cirrhosis (CTP score, 5; Child-Pugh class, A) who was admitted to our hospital due to a decreased appetite lasting 1 week. DIAGNOSIS: He was initially diagnosed with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis; an abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan indicated a diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension (PHT). INTERVENTIONS: Common endoscopic examination showed no evidence of gastroesophageal varices; EUS revealed distinct varices of the esophageal and gastric veins. Six months after discharge, the patient was rehospitalized because of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopic ligation was implemented as well as esophageal varices loop ligature (EVL). OUTCOMES: Six months later, EUS showed obvious collateral and perforator veins. LESSONS: We should strongly recommend that patients with liver cirrhosis undergo EUS in addition to a routine endoscopic examination. EUS can play an important role in evaluating the risk for bleeding in PHT and can be used to assess the efficacy of EVL.


Subject(s)
Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Endosonography , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/diagnostic imaging , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging , Hepatitis B/diagnostic imaging , Liver Cirrhosis/diagnostic imaging , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/etiology , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/physiopathology , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/therapy , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/physiopathology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/therapy , Hepatitis B/complications , Hepatitis B/physiopathology , Hepatitis B/therapy , Humans , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Liver Cirrhosis/physiopathology , Liver Cirrhosis/therapy , Male , Middle Aged
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