Clinical evaluation of a multitarget fecal immunochemical test-sDNA test for colorectal cancer screening in a high-risk population: a prospective, multicenter clinical study.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major malignancy threatening the health of people in China and screening could be effective for preventing the occurrence and reducing the mortality of CRC. We conducted a multicenter, prospective clinical study which recruited 4,245 high-risk CRC individuals defined as having positive risk-adapted scores or fecal immunochemical test (FIT) results, to evaluate the clinical performance of the multitarget fecal immunochemical and stool DNA (FIT-sDNA) test for CRC screening. Each participant was asked to provide a stool sample prior to bowel preparation, and FIT-sDNA test and FIT were performed independently of colonoscopy. We found that 186 (4.4%) were confirmed to have CRC, and 375 (8.8%) had advanced precancerous neoplasia among the high CRC risk individuals. The sensitivity of detecting CRC for FIT-sDNA test was 91.9% (95% CI, 86.8-95.3), compared with 62.4% (95% CI, 54.9-69.3) for FIT (P < 0.001). The sensitivity for detecting advanced precancerous neoplasia was 63.5% (95% CI, 58.3-68.3) for FIT-sDNA test, compared with 30.9% (95% CI, 26.3-35.6) for FIT (P < 0.001). Multitarget FIT-sDNA test detected more colorectal advanced neoplasia than FIT. Overall, these findings indicated that in areas with limited colonoscopy resources, FIT-sDNA test could be a promising further risk triaging modality to select patients for colonoscopy in CRC screening.

Effects of microRNA-330 on vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques formation and vascular endothelial cell proliferation through the WNT signaling pathway in acute coronary syndrome.

This study is designed to investigate the effects of microRNA (miR)-330 on atherosclerotic plaques formation and vascular endothelial (VE) cell proliferation by targeting MAPK8 through the WNT signaling pathway in rats with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Expression of hemodynamic variables were tested. Rats were allocated into control, blank, negative control (NC), miR-330 mimic, miR-330 inhibitor, DDK-1, miR-330 inhibitor + DDK-1 groups. ELISA was used to evaluate the expression of TC, TG, LDL-C, hs-CRP, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and SAA. Immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used for expression of VEGF, MAPK8, WNT1, ß-catenin, GSK-3ß, p-GSK-3ß, CyclinD1, MMP-9, IL-6, and IL-8. MTT assay and flow cytometry for cell proliferation and apoptosis. Compared with the control group, other groups had lower levels of SBP, DBP, MBP, LVSP, and miR-330, higher levels of HR, LVEDP, TC, TG, LDC-C, hs-CRP, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, SAA, higher positive protein expression rates of MAPK8, VEGF, and MMP-9, elevated WNT1, ß-catenin, GSK-3ß and CyclinD1, and reduced cell proliferation. MAPK8-3'-UTR was targeted by miR-330. Compared with the blank group, the miR-330 mimic and DDK-1 groups had higher levels of SBP, DBP, MBP, LVSP, lower levels of HR, LVEDP, TC, TG, LDC-C, hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, SAA, elevated IL-10, decreased positive protein expression rates of MAPK8 and VEGF, raised cell proliferation and reduced cell apoptosis rates. We conclude that overexpressed miR-330 suppresses atherosclerotic plaques formation while promotes VE cell proliferation by targeting MAPK8 through the WNT signaling pathway in ACS rats.

Congenital Blaschkoid Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia With Eosinophilia of the Anogenital Region.

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is an uncommon, idiopathic vascular disorder. It manifests as dermal or subcutaneous red to brown papules or nodules, most commonly on the head and neck; other less common sites include the trunk, extremities, genitalia, lips, and oral mucosa. Although ALHE is a benign disease, lesions are often persistent and difficult to eradicate. ALHE occurs more frequently in Asian young and middle-aged women. Histologically, it is characterized by a florid vascular proliferation with hobnail epithelioid endothelial cells surrounding by lymphocytic and eosinophilic infiltrate. Here, we reported congenital ALHE in a 2-year-old girl. Unilateral lesions had a blaschkoid segmental distribution in the anogenital region and were successfully treated with the Nd:YAG laser.

High Level of von Willebrand Factor in Non-ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Predicted Cardiovascular Ischemic Events After Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery.

The aim of our study was to determine the characteristics and value of plasma von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF: Ag) levels after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) surgery in predicting the risk of cardiovascular ischemic events.A retrospective cohort analysis of 203 non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients was performed. Patients were divided into a poor recovery group and a stable condition group according to whether ischemic events occurred or not within 90 days postoperatively. The level of vWF: Ag was detected using a blood coagulation analyzer. SPSS17.0 statistical software was used for data analysis. The Friedman rank sum test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for intra-group and inter-group data analysis, respectively. The diagnostic performance of vWF: Ag was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Plasma vWF: Ag levels at postoperative days 14, 30, 60, and 90 in the poor recovery group were significantly higher than those at the corresponding time points in the stable group. The area under the ROC curve in diagnosing adverse events was 0.927 (95% CI: 0.867~0.987) with 96.6% sensitivity and 58.6% specificity when the cut-off value of vWF: Ag was 233% at postoperative day 30.The changing characteristics of plasma vWF: Ag sensitively reflect the degree of vascular endothelial injury of OP-CAB patients and might serve as a surrogate marker of the adverse event of non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction.

Effect of polymorphism and type II diabetes on aspirin resistance in patients with unstable coronary artery disease.

BACKGROUND: Aspirin is widely used in the secondary prevention of coronary artery diseases, including myocardial infarction, stroke, and vascular related deaths. However, the antiplatelet effect of aspirin appears to be variable and aspirin resistance (AR) is currently still controversial for Chinese patients. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of AR, and identify possible risk factors associated with a lack of response to aspirin treatments in patients with unstable coronary artery disease. METHODS: Platelet function tests with arachidonic acid (ARA) and urinary 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 (11-DH-TXB2) concentrations were performed in 262 patients with unstable coronary artery disease who had not been taking aspirin before admission. ARA induced platelet aggregation and 11-DH-TXB2 were detected to evaluate the functional and biochemical responses to aspirin before and on days 1, 4, and 10 after aspirin administration. Six-month follow-up was completed in patients who developed AR to evaluate the effect of aspirin in a long-term treatment. GP1Bα (C1018T), Pl (A1/A2), P2Y1 (A1622G), TBXA2R (T924C) were also detected to evaluate the influence of genetic variant on aspirin responsiveness. RESULTS: A total of 8.8% of patients were indentified as AR at the first day after aspirin treatment. The level of urine 11-DH-TXB2 in the AR group was higher compared to non-AR group (P < 0.05). There was no relationship between ARA induced platelet aggregation and urinary 11-DH-TXB2 levels (r = 0.038, P = 0.412). The results of DNA sequencing showed that TBXA2R-924TT homozygotes had a significantly high rate of AR. Logistic regression demonstrated that diabetes was an independent risk factor of AR. CONCLUSIONS: In the beginning period of administration, aspirin was not a sufficient factor that inhibits platelet aggregation. TBXA2R-924T allele was involved in AR. Diabetes was an independent risk factor of AR.

[Application of wavelet transform on improving detecting precision of the non-invasive blood components measurement based on dynamic spectrum method].

Time-varying noises in spectra collection process have influence on the prediction accuracy of quantitative calibration in the non-invasive blood components measurement which is based on dynamic spectrum (DS) method. By wavelet transform, we focused on the absorbance wave of fingertip transmission spectrum in pulse frequency band. Then we increased the signal to noise ratio of DS data, and improved the detecting precision of quantitative calibration. After carrying out spectrum data continuous acquisition of the same subject for 10 times, we used wavelet transform de-noising to increase the average correlation coefficient of DS data from 0.979 6 to 0.990 3. BP neural network was used to establish the calibration model of subjects' blood components concentration values against dynamic spectrum data of 110 volunteers. After wavelet transform de-noising, the correlation coefficient of prediction set increased from 0.677 4 to 0.846 8, and the average relative error was decreased from 15.8% to 5.3%. Experimental results showed that the introduction of wavelet transform can effectively remove the noise in DS data, improve the detecting precision, and accelerate the development of non-invasive blood components measurement based on DS method.

[Association of polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 2C9 exon 4 and -65G>C with warfarin sensitivity].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of the polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) exon 4 608T/G, 561A/C, 537A/C and 527A/C, and -65G/C with warfarin sensitivity. METHODS: A total of 102 patients under warfarin anticoagulant therapy were selected. During follow-up, warfarin dosage and associated Prothrombin Time-International Normalized Ratio (P-INR) values were recorded. Simultaneous monitoring of incidence of bleeding and thrombosis adverse effect was recommended. Genetic polymorphisms of the above mentioned loci were identified by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing. RESULTS: The average age of the 102 patients was (62.1+/-10.5) years. The body mass index (BMI) was (24.7+/-3.8) kg/m2. Mean daily warfarin requirement was from 1.250 to 5.077 mg/day when therapeutic PT-INR (1.5-2.5) was maintained. DNA sequencing showed no polymorphisms of 608T/G, 561A/C, 537A/C, 527A/C in CYP2C9 exon 4. Warfarin daily dosage in CYP2C9 exon 4 -65C carriers was 3.106+/-0.619 mg/d, while it was (2.555+/-0.708) mg/d in individuals with wild-type -65G (P=0.020). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that warfarin daily dosage of more than 2.5 mg/d can be used to predict the CYP2C9 exon 4 -65GC genotype (AUC: 0.770, P=0.005, 95%CI:0.626-0.915). Logistic regression indicated that BMI was an independent factor of bleeding during anti-coagulation therapy (OR=0.794, 95%CI: 0.651-0.970, P=0.024). CONCLUSION: The Chinese population are, generally, warfarin-sensitive. Exon 4 of the CYP2C9 gene is highly conserved in this population. The warfarin maintenance dosage in CYP2C9 exon 4 -65CG carriers was significantly higher than those with wild-type -65GG. The clinical significance needs further investigation with more large-scale, multi-center trials.

[PLS analysis used for noninvasive measurement of human neutrophiclic granulocyte based on dynamic spectrum method].

Dynamic spectrum method was used to noninvasive measurement of human neutrophilic granulocyte percent for the first time. In vivo measurements were carried out in 21 healthy volunteers, and parital least-squares was used to establish the calibration model of subjects' neutrophilic granulocyte percent values against dynamic spectrum data. Twenty one samples were classified into calibration set and prediction set, and the calibration was used to establish the calibration model, in which cross validation and leave-one-out method was used to test the best number of factors influencing the PLS calibration models. For calibration set, the correlation coefficient was 0.922, the root mean square error of the calibration set obtained by cross-validation (RMSECV) was 1.776%, the biggest relative error was 5.85%, and the average relative error was 4.13%, which promise the good calibration effect. Prediction was carried out to certify the prediction ability of calibration model. And the correlation coefficient of prediction was 0.12, the root mean square error of the prediction set (RMSEP) was 2.930%, the biggest relative error of prediction was 6.74%, and the average relative error was 5.07%, which certify that the calibration model has good prediction ability. Measurement results show that the influences of measuring conditions on spectra can be decreased effectively by dynamic spectrum method and this method can be applied to accurate invasive measurement of human neutrophilic granulocyte percent. It can be a good method for noninvasive blood analysis, which makes great sense to clinical application.

[Non-invasive measurement of human hemoglobin concentration by dynamic spectrum method].

For non-invasively measurement of the components of human blood, dynamic spectrum method was used to measure hemoglobin concentration of volunteers for the first time. In-vivo measurements were carried out on 34 healthy volunteers, and their dynamic spectra were collected. To ensure the dynamic spectrum data to be valid, a number of experiments were carried out on the dynamic spectrum data. BP artificial neural network was used to establish the calibration model of subjects' hemoglobin concentration values against dynamic spectrum data. Among 34 swatches, 19 swatches were taken as calibration set and the other 15 as prediction set. For calibration set and prediction set, the correlation coefficient was 0.9831 and 0.9365 respectively. The biggest relative error of prediction is 7.5%, and the average relative error is 3.04%. The accuracy of measurement results can satisfy the demand for clinical application. Measurement results show that the influences of measuring conditions on spectra can be decreased effectively by dynamic spectrum method and this method can be applied to accurate non-invasive measurement of human hemoglobin concentration. It can be a good method for non-invasive blood analysis.