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1.
Actas urol. esp ; 42(7): 425-434, sept. 2018. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-174747

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las neoplasias vesicales con invasión muscular suponen un 20-30% del total. En estos pacientes se requiere la realización de pruebas de imagen para determinar la estadificación local y a distancia. Objetivo: Describir el papel de las diferentes pruebas de imagen en el diagnóstico, estadificación y seguimiento del cáncer vesical músculo-invasivo. Evaluar los últimos avances en radiología orientados a mejorar la sensibilidad y especificidad de la estadificación local y la respuesta al tratamiento. Adquisición de la evidencia Se ha realizado una revisión actualizada de la bibliografía. Síntesis de la evidencia: La tomografía computarizada y la resonancia magnética son las pruebas de imagen de elección para realizar una adecuada estadificación previa a la cirugía. La tomografía computarizada con fase de urografía es la técnica más empleada actualmente, aunque presenta limitaciones en la estadificación local. La ecografía continúa teniendo un papel limitado. Los últimos avances en resonancia magnética han mejorado su capacidad para la estadificación local y se postula como prueba de elección en el seguimiento, con resultados prometedores en la valoración de respuestas al tratamiento. La tomografía por emisión de positrones podría mejorar la detección de adenopatías y de enfermedad metastásica extrapélvica. Conclusiones: Las pruebas de imagen son fundamentales en el diagnóstico, estadificación y seguimiento del cáncer vesical músculo-invasivo. Los últimos avances técnicos han supuesto una importante mejora en la estadificación local y abren la posibilidad de valorar respuestas al tratamiento


Introduction: Muscle-invasive bladder malignancies represent 20-30% of all bladder cancers. These patients require imaging tests to determine the regional and distant staging. Objective: To describe the role of various imaging tests in the diagnosis, staging and follow-up of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. To assess recent developments in radiology aimed at improving the sensitivity and specificity of local staging and treatment response. Acquisition of evidence: We conducted an updated literature review. Synthesis of the evidence: Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the tests of choice for performing proper staging prior to surgery. Computed tomography urography is currently the most widely used technique, although it has limitations in local staging. Ultrasonography still has a limited role. Recent developments in MRI have improved its capacity for local staging. MRI has been suggested as the test of choice for the follow-up, with promising results in assessing treatment response. Positron emission tomography could improve the detection of adenopathies and extrapelvic metastatic disease. Conclusions: Imaging tests are essential for the diagnosis, staging and follow-up of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Recent technical developments represent important improvements in local staging and have opened the possibility of assessing treatment response


Subject(s)
Humans , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma/diagnostic imaging , Neoplasm Staging/methods , Diagnostic Imaging/trends , Sensitivity and Specificity , Muscle, Smooth/diagnostic imaging , Muscle, Smooth/pathology , Tomography, Emission-Computed , Positron-Emission Tomography
2.
Actas Urol Esp (Engl Ed) ; 42(7): 425-434, 2018 Sep.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29029769

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Muscle-invasive bladder malignancies represent 20-30% of all bladder cancers. These patients require imaging tests to determine the regional and distant staging. OBJECTIVE: To describe the role of various imaging tests in the diagnosis, staging and follow-up of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. To assess recent developments in radiology aimed at improving the sensitivity and specificity of local staging and treatment response. ACQUISITION OF EVIDENCE: We conducted an updated literature review. SYNTHESIS OF THE EVIDENCE: Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the tests of choice for performing proper staging prior to surgery. Computed tomography urography is currently the most widely used technique, although it has limitations in local staging. Ultrasonography still has a limited role. Recent developments in MRI have improved its capacity for local staging. MRI has been suggested as the test of choice for the follow-up, with promising results in assessing treatment response. Positron emission tomography could improve the detection of adenopathies and extrapelvic metastatic disease. CONCLUSIONS: Imaging tests are essential for the diagnosis, staging and follow-up of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Recent technical developments represent important improvements in local staging and have opened the possibility of assessing treatment response.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma/diagnostic imaging , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma/pathology , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Muscle, Smooth , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Positron-Emission Tomography , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology
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