In vitro evaluation of the effect of different bleaching varnishes: Hydrogen peroxide penetration into the pulp chamber and color change.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the penetration of hydrogen peroxide (HP) into the pulp chamber and the color change of different bleaching varnishes in low concentrations used for at-home bleaching. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety healthy premolars were used, randomly distributed into nine groups (n = 10) according to bleaching varnish (PL, PolaLuminate; VS, VivaStyle Paint On Plus; CA, Cavex Bite&White whitening pen and; AW AlignerWhite) and time (10 and 30 min), and a control group (no bleaching). The penetration of HP was evaluated by UV-Vis spectroscopy. To evaluate the color change (ΔEab , ΔE00 , ΔWID ) a digital spectrophotometer was used (α = 0.05). RESULTS: The AW group in 10 min and the control group showed similar and lower HP penetration in the pulp chamber when compared to the other groups (p = 0.003). Increasing the application time to 30 minutes elevated the amount of HP inside the pulp chamber for all groups (p = 0.003), except for PL (p > 0.05). When applied for 30 min all bleaching varnishes showed higher color change (ΔWID ) when compared to 10 min (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: For all bleaching varnishes evaluated, PolaLuminate applied for 30 min showed lower penetration into the pulp chamber and higher bleaching effects. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The use of bleaching varnishes seems promising for teeth bleaching, but it varies according to user product and protocol.

Effects of the application of sodium ascorbate after in-office bleaching on the penetration of hydrogen peroxide, color change, and microtensile bond strength.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the application of 10% sodium ascorbate (SA) after in-office bleaching on the penetration of hydrogen peroxide (HP) into the pulp chamber, color change, and microtensile bond strength (µTBS) to the resin-enamel interface. Thirty premolars and thirty molars were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20 each). One group was exposed to deionized water (negative control). The other two groups were bleached with 35% HP in a single session for 3x15 minutes for each application. However, in only one of them, SA was applied for 10 minutes after bleaching. After, the concentration (µg/mL) of HP in each pulp chamber was evaluated by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Color changes (ΔEab, ΔE00, and ΔWID) were evaluated with a digital spectrophotometer before and in the first week after bleaching. After treatment, molars were restored and sectioned to obtain resin-enamel interface sticks for µTBS at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until failure. The HP concentration and µTBS data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests, and color changes were analyzed by t-tests (α = 0.05). SA application significantly improved the µTBS values and reduced the HP concentrations within the pulp chambers (p < 0.0001). The application of SA significantly interfered with the color changes after bleaching when compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Application of 10% SA after in-office bleaching successfully reduced the penetration of HP into the pulp chamber; however, it decreased color change.

Effect of Sodium Ascorbate, Grape Seed Extract, and Aloe Vera Application after In-Office Bleaching on the Bond Strength of Enamel: A 3-Year Evaluation.

Introduction: Dental bleaching is the first choice to improve smile esthetics, but, in some cases, it needs to be associated with resin composite restoration to obtain a satisfactory result. Unfortunately, the bonding of resin-based materials can be impaired due to residual oxygen molecules, which can decrease the durability of the restoration. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of the antioxidant application on the bond strength of bleached enamel after 24 hr and 3 years of water storage. Methods: In total, 84 bovine teeth were used in this study. Of these, 77 were bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide in a single session for three cycles of 15 min. Then, the specimens were divided into groups (n = 7 each): control (without bleaching), without antioxidant (WA) use; application of 10% sodium ascorbate (SA) gel, grape seed (GS) extract, and aloe vera (AV). The restorative procedure was performed immediately after bleaching, 7 and 14 days after bleaching. Specimens were sectioned and evaluated using microtensile bond strength (µTBS). Half of the resin-enamel sticks were tested after 24 hr, and the remaining half after 3 years of water storage. µTBS data were analyzed using a three-way analysis of variance, Tukey's test, and Dunnett's test. Results: The lowest µTBS values were observed when the restoration was performed immediately after bleaching in the AV, GS, and WA groups when compared with the SA group (p < 0.005). However, no significant differences were observed among all groups after 3 years of water storage (p < 0.001). Conclusions: SA at 10% was the most effective antioxidant agent for improving the immediate bond strength. However, independent of the antioxidant agent used, the bond strength values were maintained or recovered after 3 years of water storage. SA at 10% could be used to avoid delayed bonding procedures after in-office whitening without compromising bond strength over time. Clinical Significance. The use of antioxidants after dental bleaching can be effective in improving the bonding durability of the adhesive restorations.

Effects of the application of sodium ascorbate after in-office bleaching on the penetration of hydrogen peroxide, color change, and microtensile bond strength

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the application of 10% sodium ascorbate (SA) after in-office bleaching on the penetration of hydrogen peroxide (HP) into the pulp chamber, color change, and microtensile bond strength (µTBS) to the resin-enamel interface. Thirty premolars and thirty molars were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20 each). One group was exposed to deionized water (negative control). The other two groups were bleached with 35% HP in a single session for 3x15 minutes for each application. However, in only one of them, SA was applied for 10 minutes after bleaching. After, the concentration (µg/mL) of HP in each pulp chamber was evaluated by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Color changes (ΔEab, ΔE00, and ΔWID) were evaluated with a digital spectrophotometer before and in the first week after bleaching. After treatment, molars were restored and sectioned to obtain resin-enamel interface sticks for µTBS at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until failure. The HP concentration and µTBS data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests, and color changes were analyzed by t-tests (α = 0.05). SA application significantly improved the µTBS values and reduced the HP concentrations within the pulp chambers (p < 0.0001). The application of SA significantly interfered with the color changes after bleaching when compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Application of 10% SA after in-office bleaching successfully reduced the penetration of HP into the pulp chamber; however, it decreased color change.

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da aplicação do ascorbato de sódio a 10% (AS) depois do clareamento em consultório na penetração do peróxido do hidrogênio (PH) na câmara pulpar, mudança de cor e resistência de união (RU) da interface resina-esmalte. Trinta pré-molares e trinta molares foram divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos (n = 20). Um grupo foi exposto em água deionizada (controle negativo). Os outros dois grupos foram clareados com 35% PH numa única sessão de 3x15 minutos para cada aplicação. Porém, só um grupo recebeu AS durante 10 minutos depois do clareamento. Depois, a concentração (µg/mL) do PH no interior de cada câmara pulpar foi avaliado com espectrofotometria UV-Vis. A mudança de cor (ΔEab, ΔE00 and ΔWID) foi avaliada como espectrofotômetro digital antes e depois de uma semana do clareamento. Após de cada tratamento, os molares foram restaurados e seccionados em espécimes com interface resina-esmalte para o teste de RU por microtração a uma velocidade de 1 mm/min até a fratura. Os dados da concentração de PH e RU foram analisados usando ANOVA de uma via e teste de Tukey, e a mudança de cor com o teste t (α = 0.05). A aplicação de AS melhorou significativamente a RU e reduziu a concentração de PH na câmara pulpar (p < 0.0001). A aplicação de AS interferiu significativamente na mudança de cor depois do clareamento comprado com o grupo controle (p < 0.05). A aplicação de SA a 10% depois do clareamento em consultório reduziu significativamente a penetração do PH na câmara pulpar e interferiu na mudança de cor.

Use of an applicator brush with high concentration bleaching gels.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate in vitro two high concentration self-mix bleaching gels (35% or 37.5%) with different application tips (with or without an applicator brush) during in-office bleaching. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Healthy premolars were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 8): no treatment; 35% HP without applicator brush, 35% HP with applicator brush, 37.5% HP without applicator brush, and 37.5% HP with applicator brush. After the procedures, the concentration of HP transferred into the pulp chamber was evaluated using UV-Vis. The amount of gel used in each group was measured on a precision analytical balance. Color change (ΔEab, ΔE00, and ΔWID) was evaluated with a digital spectrophotometer. Initial concentration was measured by titration with potassium permanganate. The pH was evaluated using a digital pH meter. The data from each test were submitted to nonparametric tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS: Using a tip with an applicator brush expended less gel and left a lower amount of HP inside the pulp chamber compared to the tip without a brush for both bleaching gels (p < 0.0003), although no significant difference in color change was observed (p < 0.05). The 37.5% HP showed a more stable and less acidic pH and a lower amount of HP in the pulp chamber than the 35% HP (p < 0.00001). CONCLUSION: The HP penetration into the pulp chamber was lower when using an applicator with a brush tip than when using one with a conventional tip. As for the color, both tips were considered to lighten teeth. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: For the application of a self-mixing high concentration in-office bleaching gel, a brush tip should be recommended because its use diminishes the penetration of HP into the pulp chamber and wastes less bleaching gel.

Ethanol-wet bonding technique: Clinical versus laboratory findings.

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) and nanoleakage (NL) of dentin bonded interfaces produced with ethanol-wet and water-wet bonding protocols under clinical and laboratory conditions. METHODS: The sample was composed of forty primary second molars in advanced exfoliation process. Occlusal cavities were prepared leaving a flat dentin surface on the pulpal floor. In half of the teeth, the water-wet protocol was followed using a three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive. In the other half, dentin was dehydrated with ascending ethanol solutions (50%, 70%, 80%, 95% and 3×100%), 15s each for the ethanol-bonding protocol. An experimental hydrophobic primer was used, followed by the neat adhesive application. Resin build-ups were prepared, stored for 24h, sectioned into sticks and tested in tensile mode (0.5mm/min). NL was performed for all groups. The µTBS and NL data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Kruskall-Wallis tests, respectively (α=0.05). RESULTS: Under clinical conditions, the highest µTBS was observed for the water-wet bonding while under the laboratory setting, the highest µTBS was obtained for the ethanol-wet bonding. Increased NL was observed in the water-wet bonding groups irrespective of the bonding condition. SIGNIFICANCE: The immediate benefits of the ethanol-bonding observed in the laboratory setting was not confirmed when the same protocol was performed in vivo. However, as reduced nanoleakage was seen in adhesive interfaces produced with the ethanol-wet bonding technique, suggests that the hybrid layer may be more resistant to degradation.

Effect of EDTA conditioning on cervical restorations bonded with a self-etch adhesive: A randomized double-blind clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the 18-month retention rates of composite restorations in non-carious cervical lesions [NCCLs] bonded with a self-etch adhesive with and without preliminary conditioning with EDTA. METHODS: Forty-eight patients with two similar-sized NCCL were selected and randomly allocated to one of two groups. Two calibrated operators placed 96 restorations with a one-step self-etch adhesive (Adper Easy One, 3M ESPE). Half of the restorations were placed according to the manufacturer's instructions while, for the other half, the surfaces of the lesions were conditioned with 17% EDTA for 2 min prior to adhesive application. Two blinded and independent examiners evaluated the restorations at baseline, 6, 12, and 18 months, according to the FDI criteria. The comparison between groups in each period was conducted with the Fisher's exact test, and the performance of each group at the different periods was evaluated by McNemar's test (α=0.05). RESULTS: After 18 months, significantly higher retention rates (95% CI) were observed for the EDTA group (95.5 [84.9-98.7]) than the control group (79.6% [65.5-88.9]) (p=0.02). Significant deterioration of the marginal adaptation and marginal discoloration were observed for both groups over the 18-month evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: The preliminary conditioning with EDTA before application of a one-step self-etch adhesive significantly improved the retention rates of composite restorations in cervical lesions. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Conditioning with EDTA is an alternative that improves the 18-month retention rate of cervical restorations bonded with a self-etch adhesive.

Randomized clinical trial of four adhesion strategies in cervical lesions: 12-month results.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the 6- and 12-month clinical performance of four adhesion strategies from the same manufacturer (Kerr) in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) using two evaluation criteria. Thirty-five patients, with at least four NCCLs each, participated in this study. After samplesize calculation, 180 restorations were assigned to one of the following groups: OFL (Optibond FL), OSP (Optibond Solo Plus), XTR (Optibond XTR), and AIO (Optibond All-In-One). The composite resin Filtek Supreme Ultra (3M ESPE) was placed incrementally. The restorations were evaluated at baseline, after 6 months, and after 12 months, using both the FDI and the USPHS-modified criteria. Statistical analyses were performed with Friedman repeated measures, ANOVA by rank, and the McNemar test for significance in each pair (α=0.05). Six restorations (2 for OFL, 1 for OSP, 2 for XTR, and 1 for AIO) were lost at 12 months (P>0.05 for both evaluation criteria). Marginal staining was observed in seven restorations using the FDI criteria (P>0.05) and three restorations using the USPHSmodified criteria (P>0.05). Eight restorations (2 for OSP, 3 for XTR, and 3 for AIO) were classified as Bravo for marginal adaptation using the USPHSmodified criteria (P>0.05). However, 62 restorations (14 for OFL, 12 for OSP, 15 for XTR, and 21 for AIO) were classified as Bravo using the FDI criteria (P>0.05). The four adhesion strategies showed similar clinical retention at 6 and 12 months. The FDI evaluation criteria tend to be more sensitive than the USPHS-modified criteria.

Effect of sonic application mode on the resin-dentin bond strength and dentin permeability of self-etching systems.

PURPOSE: To compare manual and sonic adhesive application modes in terms of the permeability and microtensile bond strength of a self-etching adhesive applied in the one-step or two-step protocol. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Self-etching All Bond SE (Bisco) was applied as a one- or a two-step adhesive under manual or sonic vibration modes on flat occlusal dentin surfaces of 64 human molars. Half of the teeth were used to measure the hydraulic conductance of dentin at 200 cm H2O hydrostatic pressure for 5 min immediately after the adhesive application. In the other half, composite buildups (Opallis) were constructed incrementally to create resin-dentin sticks with a cross-sectional area of 0.8 mm² to be tested in tension (0.5 mm/min) immediately after restoration placement. Data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). RESULTS: The fluid conductance of dentin was significantly reduced by the sonic vibration mode for both adhesives, but no effect on the bond strength values was observed for either adhesive. CONCLUSION: The sonic application mode at an oscillating frequency of 170 Hz can reduce the fluid conductance of the one- and two-step All Bond SE adhesive when applied on dentin.

Effect of sonic application mode on the resin-dentin bond strength and nanoleakage of simplified self-etch adhesive.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate the effect of different application modes on the immediate and 6-month resin-dentin bond strength (µTBS) and nanoleakage in the hybrid and adhesive layers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three 1-step self-etch adhesives (One Coat 7.0 (OC), Clearfil S(3) Bond (CS), and FuturaBond NR (FB)) were applied on a flat superficial dentin surface of 30 human molars under manual mode or sonic vibration at a frequency of 170 Hz (SV). Composite build-ups were constructed incrementally; specimens were sectioned to obtain resin-dentin sticks with cross-sectional area of 0.8 mm(2) and tested in tension (0.5 mm/min) immediately (IM) or after 6 months (6M) of water storage. Two bonded sticks, from each tooth at each storage time, were immersed in a silver nitrate solution, photo-developed, and analyzed under scanning electron microscopy. The amount of nanoleakage was measured using the ImageTool 3.0 software. Data, from each adhesive, were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). RESULTS: OC and CS showed higher µTBS and lower nanoleakage in the IM period when applied with SV groups. For FB, no significant difference was observed between the two modes of application. All materials showed lower nanoleakage in the SV groups. Higher nanoleakage was observed after 6M for OC and FB. CONCLUSIONS: The sonic application mode at an oscillating frequency of 170 Hz can improve the resin-dentin µTBS, reduce the nanoleakage, and retard the degradation of the resin-dentin µTBS of Clearfil S(3) Bond and One Coat 7.0 adhesives. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Sonic application mode at an oscillating frequency of 170 Hz can be helpful and easy to use in dental practice to guaranty long-lasting restorations.

Penetration and cytotoxicity of a bleaching gel activated by LED/laser in restored teeth.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the amount of hydrogen peroxide (HP) in the pulp chamber of teeth restored with composite resin and its cytotoxic effect on fibroblast cell line 3T3/NIH. METHODS: 112 human premolars were randomized into groups according to the combination of factors: Restoration: no restoration (NR); shallow (S); deep (D) and Activation by Light: yes (A) or no (NA). With exception of the groups Control and NR, Class V cavities (3 mm x 2 mm x 1 mm [S] and 3 mm x 2 mm x 2 mm [D]) were prepared and restored with composite resin. An acetate buffer was placed in the pulp chamber. The bleaching procedure was performed with 35% HP and activated or not with a LED/laser light. The buffer was mixed with leucocrystal violet and peroxide enzyme for the spectrophotometric evaluation of the optical density of the solution. For viability cell assays, different concentrations of HP were applied to fibroblast cell line. After 24 hours, the MTT and neutral red assays were evaluated. The lethal concentration of 50% of cells (LC50) was determined. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). RESULTS: All experimental groups showed HP in the pulp chamber, but a higher amount was found in the pulp chamber of teeth with deep restorations (P = 0.026), regardless of light activation. The concentrations of HP that were found in the pulp chamber did not affect cell viability.

Effect of the application time of phosphoric acid and self-etch adhesive systems to sclerotic dentin.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of application time on the resin-dentin bond strength (µTBS) and etching pattern of adhesive systems applied on sclerotic dentine. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of forty-two bovine incisors had their roots removed. The 1-step self-etch GO (SDI), the 2-step self-etch Adper SE Bond (3MESPE) and the 35% phosphoric acid (3MESPE) from the 2-step etch-and-rinse Adper Single Bond 2 (3MESPE) were applied on the bovine incisal surfaces according to the manufacturer's instructions or duplicating the recommended conditioning time. After adhesive application, thirty teeth were restored with composite resin, stored for 24 h in distilled water at 37°C, and sectioned into resin-dentin bonded sticks (0.8 mm²) and tested according to the µTBS at 0.5 mm/min. The etching pattern of the remaining twelve teeth (n=4 for each material) was examined under scanning electron microscopy. Each tooth was divided into a buccal-to-lingual direction into three thirds, and each third randomly assigned to the groups: control (no treatment), according to the manufacturers' instructions and duplicating the recommended application time. The µTBS and the relative percentage of the tubule area opening were evaluated by two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey's tests (α=0.05). RESULTS: The duplication of the conditioning time favored only the GO adhesive (p<0.05). Both application methods significantly increased the tubule area opening (p<0.05) compared to the controls. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of duplicating the conditioning time was only effective for the 1-step self-etch adhesive system tested.

A new universal simplified adhesive: 6-month clinical evaluation.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: Multimode adhesives, which can be used as etch-and-rinse or as self-etch adhesives, have been recently introduced without clinical data to back their use. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the 6-month clinical performance of Scotchbond Universal Adhesive (SU; 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) in noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) using two evaluation criteria. METHODS/MATERIALS: Thirty-nine patients participated in this study. Two hundred restorations were assigned to four groups: SU-TEm: etch-and-rinse + moist dentin; SU-TEd: etch-and-rinse + dry dentin; SU-SEet: selective enamel etching; and SU-SE: self-etch. The composite resin Filtek Supreme Ultra (3M ESPE) was placed incrementally. The restorations were evaluated at baseline and after 6 months using both the World Dental Federation (FDI) and the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. Statistical analyses were performed with Friedman repeated measures analysis of variance by rank and McNemar test for significance in each pair (α = 0.05). RESULTS: Only four restorations (SU-SE: 3 and SU-TEm: 1) were lost after 6 months (p > 0.05 for either criteria). Marginal discoloration occurred in one restoration in the SU-SE group (p > 0.05 for either criteria). Only 2/200 restorations were scored as bravo for marginal adaptation using the USPHS criteria (one for SU-SE and one for SU-SEet, p > 0.05). However, when using the FDI criteria, the percentage of bravo scores for marginal adaptation at 6 months were 32%, 36%, 42%, and 46% for groups SU-TEm, SU-TEd, SU-SEet, and SU-SE, respectively (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The clinical behavior of the multimode adhesive does not depend on the bonding strategy at 6 months. The FDI evaluation criteria are more sensitive than the USPHS criteria. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: At 6 months, the clinical behavior of the new multimode adhesive Scotchbond Universal was found to be reliable when used in noncarious cervical lesions and may not depend on the bonding strategy employed.

Immediate bonding to bleached enamel treated with 10% sodium ascorbate gel: a case report with one-year follow-up.

It is generally not recommended that bonded restoration treatment should be carried out immediately after bleaching treatment. However, the use of antioxidants such as sodium ascorbate can be useful to avoid a waiting period. This article is a brief review about in vitro proposals to overcome low bond strength values to bleached dental surfaces. It shows a one-year follow-up case report of a young female presenting agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors reshaped with direct resin composite immediately after dental bleaching. Teeth were bleached with a combination of in-office and at-home whitening protocols, followed by the application of a 10% sodium ascorbate gel for one hour, to allow the immediate reshaping with direct resin composite restoration. After one year, the clinical performance of the restoration was successful. The use of sodium ascorbate gel can help the clinician to perform bonding procedures immediately after bleaching treatments.

Effect of 3-year water storage on the performance of one-step self-etch adhesives applied actively on dentine.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of the application method on the immediate and 3-year resin-dentine bond strength (µTBS) and nanoleakage (NL) for 3 one-step self-etch adhesives (Adper Prompt L-Pop; Clearfil S(3) Bond and Xeno III). METHODS: The occlusal enamel of 42 human molars were removed to expose a flat dentine surface. The adhesives were applied under inactive or active application. After light-curing (600mW/cm(2) for 10s), composite buildups were constructed incrementally and sectioned to obtain bonded sticks (0.8mm(2)) to be tested in tension immediately or after 3 years of water storage of water storage. For NL, 2 bonded sticks from each tooth at each time were coated with nail varnish, placed in silver nitrate and polished down with SiC paper. The µTBS data was submitted to a two-way repetead mesures ANOVA and Tukey's test for each adhesive (α=0.05). RESULTS: The active application showed higher immediate and 3-year µTBS than the inactive application (p<0.05). An increase in the silver nitrate deposition was seen for all conditions after 3 years; however this was more pronounced for all materials under inactive application (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The active application improves the immediate bonding performance of the adhesive systems. Reductions of the bond strength were observed for all materials after 3 years, however reduced degradation rate was observed when the materials are applied actively in dentine.

Alternativa clínica para mejorar el desempeño de los adhesivos de grabado ácido independiente de dos pasos: presentación de un caso / A clinical alternative to improve the performance of two steps etch and rinse adhesive systems: report of a case

La evolución de los sistemas adhesivos permitió la reducción del número de pasos clínicos para el protocolo adhesivo. Sin embargo, esa simplificación trajo desventajas que afectan la durabilidad de la interfase adhesiva y consecuentemente, de la restauración. A fin de solucionar estos problemas, varios estudios sugieren alternativas clínicas para mejorar el desempeño a corto y largo plazo de los sistemas convencionales de dos pasos. El presente trabajo muestra, a través de un caso clínico, la eficacia de la aplicación activa y vigorosa de los adhesivos de grabado ácido independiente de dos pasos o convencionales simplificados, para aumentar la longevidad de restauraciones adhesivas.

Análisis del impacto real de los hábitos alimenticios y nutricionales en el desarrollo de la caries dental / Analysis of the real impact of food and nutrition habits in the development of dental caries

Dental decay is known as a multifactorial disease in which diet assumes an important significance. The consumption of carbohydrates in certain periods of time allows the production of acids by the bacteria present in the biofilm with the consequent mineral lost from the teeth substrate. Actually there are many studies that have considered the effect of some diet components on the oral health. The sucrose is the most cariogenic disaccharide commonly present on the family diet. The aim of this review is to find in the literature the relationship between nutritional aspects, alimentary habits and decay disease. This paper concluded that a negligent alimentary practice contributes with dental decay development. Alimentary habits and sociocultural family conditions are strongly related. That is why positive models must be adopted by the parents and early transferred to their children becoming those healthy habits persistent into their lives

La caries dental es una enfermedad considerada multifactorial en la cual la dieta cumple un papel importante para su desarrollo. El consumo de carbohidratos en diversos períodos durante el día permite la producción de ácidos capaces de causar la pérdida mineral del substrato dental (desmineralización). En la actualidad, diversos estudios consideran el efecto de ciertos componentes de la dieta sobre la salud bucal. La sacarosa, considerada el disacárido más cariogénico presente frecuentemente en la dieta familiar colaboran con el desequilibro de salud bucal. El objetivo de esta revisión fue buscar en la literatura datos que fundamenten la relación de las variables nutrición y dieta con la enfermedad. Se concluyó que la práctica alimenticia negligente, con nutrición y dieta desfavorables, aportan para el desarrollo de la enfermedad. Existe una fuerte relación entre hábitos alimenticios y condiciones socioculturales familiares. Siendo así, modelos positivos deben ser adquiridos y transferidos precozmente de los padres a los hijos, tornando esos hábitos persistentes en la vida de los niños y contribuyendo positivamente para su salud

Cierre de diastema con restauraciones directas: reporte de caso / Diastema closure with direct restorations: report of a case

La sonrisa y específicamente los dientes hacen parte de un rostro atractivo. La presencia de diastemas es una de las quejas estéticas más comunes entre los pacientes. Es responsabilidad del odontólogo ofrecer la técnica más apropiada para resolver esos espacios indeseados. La prioridad para el tratamiento de diastemas es la creación del punto de contacto sin perjudicar la anatomía armónica de los dientes involucrados para conseguir la formación de la papila interdental. La utilización de resinas compuestas directas es una opción estética y funcional para tratar tejido sano de forma mínimamente invasiva. El objetivo de este reporte de caso clínico es describir detalladamente el cierre de diastema utilizando restauraciones directas adhesivas.

The smile and specially the teeth are important for an attractive face. The presence of diastema is the most common esthetic complain among patients. It is responsibility of the dentist to offer the best treatment to solve these undesirable spaces. The priority for the diastema treatment is to create a contact point without interfering in the harmonic shape of the teeth involved to achieve the formation of the dental papilla. The use of direct composite resins is an esthetic and functional option to treat intact tissue with a minimum intervention. The purpose of this case report is to describe in details the diastema closure using direct resin composite restoration.

Erosão dentária e abrasão: relato de um tratamento estético conservador dos dentes anteriores com resinas compostas diretas / Dental erosion and abrasion: Conservative case report of an esthetic treatment of anterior teeth with direct composite resin

A erosão dentária é um processo multifatorial que se caracteriza pela perda gradual do esmalte e da dentina pela dissolução ácida sem a presença de agentes bacterianos. Faz parte de um conjunto de lesões denominadas não-cariosas crônicas, como a atrição, a abrasão e a abfração, com as quais pode estar associada, na maioria dos pacientes. O diagnóstico diferencial é fundamental para realizar um tratamento efetivo. A Odontologia adesiva permite uma maior conservação dos tecidos dentários e as resinas compostas aplicadas com técnicas de estratificação, aliadas ao conhecimento e ao treinamento do profissional, possibilitam excelentes resultados estéticos, biológicos, mecânicos e funcionais. Este artigo relata a reabilitação estética de um caso de erosão e abrasão. Foi realizado o planejamento e a restauração estratificada com resina composta pela técnica direta, buscando a mínima intervenção nos tecidos remanescentes e uma estética satisfatória.

Alternativas para realização de restaurações estéticas imediatas ao clareamento dental: relato de caso / An alternative protocol for esthetic restorations immediately after tooth bleaching: a case report

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um caso clínico, assim como uma breve revisão de literatura, sobre a utilização de um gel de ascorbato de sódio a 10% como passo intermediário entre o clareamento dental e restaurações diretas com resina composta

The aim of this article is to present a case report and a brief literature review about the use of 10% sodium ascorbate gel as an intermediate step after tooth bleaching and before direct resin composite restorations