Association between job lost and mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic and the role of food insecurity as mediator of this relationship.

This study aimed to evaluate the association between employment status and mental health, considering food insecurity as a mediator of this relation. A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted with adults (≥ 18 and < 60 years) during the COVID-19 outbreak in two cities from Southern Brazil. Employment status was categorized into working, not working, and lost job. The mental health outcomes evaluated were depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and sadness. Food insecurity was identified by the short-form version of the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Adjusted analyses using Poisson regression were performed to assess the association between employment status and mental health. Mediation analysis was performed to investigate the direct and indirect effects of employment status on mental health outcomes. In total, 1,492 adults were analyzed. The not working status was associated with 53% and 74% higher odds of perceived stress and of sadness, respectively. Being dismissed during the pandemic increased the odds of depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and sadness by 68%, 123%, and 128%, respectively. Mediation analyses showed that food insecurity was an important mediator of the association between employment status and depressive symptoms and sadness, but not of perceived stress. The complexity of these results highlights economic and nutritional aspects involved in mental health outcomes.

Casos de HIV/AIDS durante uma década em uma cidade na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre (RS) / Cases of HIV/AIDS during a decade in a municipality in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre, state of Rio Grande do Sul

Identificar as prevalências de HIV/AIDS em uma cidade da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre (RS) e descrever características dos indivíduos infectados. Estudo descritivo em Sapucaia do Sul com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) de 2009 a 2018. Foram incluídas notificações de indivíduos com idade igual ou superior a 13 anos, e excluídas aquelas com preenchimento inadequado e gestantes. Tendência temporal dos casos de HIV/AIDS foi apresentada por frequência absoluta e características sociodemográficas por frequências absoluta e relativa. Foram notificados 832 casos de HIV/AIDS no município, dos quais 43,4% correspondentes à AIDS. Durante o período avaliado, a notificação de HIV aumentou 4.000%, e a de AIDS, 230%, com predominância no sexo masculino, adultos jovens, brancos e com ensino fundamental incompleto. Os resultados são relevantes no âmbito da saúde coletiva, pois contribuem para nortear e fortalecer estratégias de combate e controle da doença.

To identify HIV/AIDS prevalences in a city from the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre (RS) and describe the infected individuals' characteristics. Descriptive study in Sapucaia do Sul with data from Notifiable Diseases Information System between 2009 and 2018. Notifications from individuals aged 13 years and over were included, and observations with inadequate completion and pregnant women were excluded. Temporal trend from HIV/AIDS cases was presented through absolute frequency and sociodemographic characteristics through absolute and relative frequencies.832 cases of HIV/AIDS cases were reported in the city and 43.4% of which corresponded to AIDS. During the evaluated period, an increase of 4.000% in the notification of HIV, and of 230% of AIDS was identified, with a predominance of males, young adults, white, and with incomplete primary education. These results are extremely relevant in the public health field as they can help to guide and strengthen strategies to combat and control the disease.