Lower fixed retainers: bonded on all teeth or only on canines? A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the stability after orthodontic treatment between two types of lower fixed retainers: those bonded onto all anterior teeth or those bonded only onto the canines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The following electronic databases were consulted: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Lilacs, OpenGrey, ClinicalTrials, and Google Scholar. No restriction of language or year were applied. After selection of studies, risk-of-bias evaluation and qualitative synthesis of the included studies were performed using The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for randomized studies and the "Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions" (ROBINS-I) tool for nonrandomized studies, and a summary of the overall strength of evidence was presented using the "Grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation" tool. RESULTS: Among the 180 studies retrieved from the searches, five were included in this review. Three of them showed a low risk of bias, while two presented a high risk of bias. With regard to stability, two studies reported better stability for retainers bonded to all six teeth, while the other three showed no difference. The retainer bonded to all teeth presented a higher breakage rate in one study. CONCLUSIONS: Stability seems better with lower fixed retainers bonded on all anterior teeth. The breakage rate may not change according to the bonding. However, studies with greater methodological soundness are necessary to reach a more reliable conclusion.

miRNAs as biomarkers of orofacial clefts: A systematic review.

Orofacial clefts are facial malformations caused by the improper development of the lips and palate. Many genetic and epigenetic molecules have been involved in the mechanisms of orofacial clefts, one of which are miRNAs. This systematic review aimed to identify miRNAs associated to non-syndromic orofacial clefts in humans. After applying a series of criteria, four studies were selected for analysis. In total, one hundred miRNAs were observed in the literature, of which 57 were reported as upregulated and 43 as downregulated in all orofacial cleft classifications. Moreover, nine miRNAs were differentially expressed only in cleft palate patients, which might suggest distinct regulatory mechanisms for the etiology of cleft lips and palates. We suggest broader population sampling in order to include diverse ethnic groups in the future, as well as analyses toward identifying miRNA target genes and pathways. We highlight the need for experimental validation and of these results to allow further translational approaches and clinical applications.

Mandibular propulsion appliance for adults with Class II malocclusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The effects of mandibular propulsion appliances in adults have some controversial results. While some authors claim that its use in non-growing patients could produce some dentoskeletal effects, other studies indicate that Class II correction occurs only through significant dental effects. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects in non-growing Class II patients with mandibular retrusion, promoted by the treatment with mandibular propulsion appliances and determine if they produce mandibular changes. METHODS: The research was carried out in nine electronic databases and additional manual searches up to July 2019. Selection criteria were no restriction was placed on date and publication language. Randomized or non-randomized clinical trials with/without control were included. They must evaluated non-growing patients with Class II malocclusion, treated with mandibular propulsion appliances; outcomes were assessed before and after treatment. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data were extracted by two independent examiners in duplicate. The ROBINS-I tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. RESULTS: Of the 2824 articles identified, 11 non-randomized clinical articles were selected for qualitative analysis and 8 for quantitative analysis. SNB (0.87°, CI 95% 0.08, 1.66), ANB (-0.82°, CI 95% -1.24 to 0.40) and Pg/OLp [2.3 to 1.2 mm (P < 0.001)] presented smallest but significant mandibular changes with some differences regarding the used appliance. The Herbst appliance showed the largest mandibular changes followed by the SUS appliance when evaluated through Ar-Pg. SNA showed non-significant changes. Overbite (-2.85. CI 95% -3.06, -2.64), Overjet (-5.00.CI 95% -5.45, -4.55) showed significant changes in all devices. Class II correction occurs through a significant labial movement of the mandibular incisors, some lingual inclination of the maxillary incisors and minor skeletal changes. CONCLUSIONS: All mandibular propulsion appliances examined, showed efficiency in normalizing the Class II malocclusion in adult patients; however, changes were acquired mainly through dentoalveolar changes. Some minor mandibular forward changes was noted, mainly in patients treated with the Herbst appliance. Randomized clinical trials are needed to improve scientific evidence. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO (code CRD42017067384).

"Matriz Caracol" uma nova matriz individual para restaurações de cavidades complexas com amálgama / A new individual matrix for restorations of complex cavities with amalgam

Os autores relatam a técnica de confecção da Matriz Caracol, uma nova matriz individual para restaurações de cavidades complexas de amálgama, a qual tem fornecido resultados consideráveis, rapidez e um baixo custo na sua confecção

Conduta para dentes decíduos anquilosados / Management for ankylosed deciduous teeth

A anquilose dos dentes decíduos é relativamente comum. Embora a causa esteja ainda desconhecida o diagnóstico é fácil de ser estabelecido. O tratamento deve ser o mais individualizado, baseando-se na idade e qual o tipo de anquilose que está ocorrendo. Observar e esperar quase sempre traz efeitos satisfatórios. Todos os casos de anquilose dos dentes merecem cuidadosa avaliação e um tratamento adequado