Single nucleotide polymorphisms in ADAM17, IL23R and SLCO1C1 genes protect against infliximab failure in adults with Crohn's disease.

BACKGROUND: To predict primary failure of infliximab (IFX) therapy in Crohn's disease (CD) and to identify patients who maintain long-term effectiveness to IFX is currently not feasible. Some genetic variations are proposed as potential biomarkers. AIM: We assessed a set of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes related to the IFX mechanism of action and the presence of HLA-DQA1 * 05 allele on the primary response and long-term durability in CD patients. METHODS: A multi-centre cross-sectional study of IFX-exposed adult patients with CD was undertaken. Treatment persistence and time to failure were co-primary endpoints. DNA from the 131 patients was genotyped. Association between SNPs and clinical variables with IFX persistence was assessed. RESULTS: Failure to IFX was documented in 65 (49.6%) out of 131 patients. IFX persistence was associated either with carrying the TT genotype in ADAM17 rs10929587 (ORa=0.2; 95%CI=0.1-0.8; p = 0.021), or the CC genotype in SLCO1C1 rs3794271 (ORa=0.2; 95%CI=0.1-0.7; p = 0.008), according to multivariate logistic regression. In contrast, previous bowel resection increased the risk of IFX failure (ORa=2.8; 95%CI=1.1-7.3; p = 0.025). Cox regression analysis confirmed these findings and also identified IL23R rs10489629-TT (HRa 0.41; 95%CI=0.22-0.75; p = 0.004) and concomitant immunosuppressants (HRa 0.46; 95%CI=0.27-0.77; p = 0.003) as protection from IFX failure. However, no association between HLA-DQA1 * 05 allele and persistence of IFX therapy was found, with similar failure rates among carriers and non-carriers (52.8% vs. 47.4%, respectively; p = 0.544). CONCLUSIONS: SNPs rs10929587-TT in ADAM17, rs10489629-TT in IL23R and rs3794271-CC in SLCO1C1, together with no previous bowel surgery and concomitant immunosuppression, were identified as protection from failure to IFX.

Esophageal microbiome in active eosinophilic esophagitis and changes induced by different therapies.

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory esophageal disease triggered by food antigens. Cumulative evidence supports the implication of microbiota and the innate immune system in the pathogenesis of EoE. Changes in the esophageal microbiome were investigated by applying 16S rRNA gene sequencing on esophageal biopsies of adult patients with active EoE at baseline (n = 30), and after achieving remission with either proton pump inhibitors (PPI, n = 10), swallowed topical corticosteroids (STC, n = 10) or food-elimination diets (FED, n = 10). Ten non-EoE biopsies were also characterized as controls. Compared to controls, no differences in alpha (intra-sample) diversity were found in EoE microbiota overall. However, it decreased significantly among patients who underwent FED. As for beta (inter-sample) diversity, non-EoE controls separated from EoE baseline samples. Post-treatment samples from patients treated with PPI and FED had a more similar microbiota composition, while those receiving STC were closer to controls. Differential testing of microbial relative abundance displayed significant changes for Filifactor, Parvimonas and Porphyromonas genera. Analysis of predicted functions indicated alterations in metabolic pathways and abundance of sulphur-cytochrome oxidoreductases. Our findings demonstrate changes in microbiota associated with EoE, as well as a treatment effect on the microbiome.

Colonic microbiota is associated with inflammation and host epigenomic alterations in inflammatory bowel disease.

Studies of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been inconclusive in relating microbiota with distribution of inflammation. We report microbiota, host transcriptomics, epigenomics and genetics from matched inflamed and non-inflamed colonic mucosa [50 Crohn's disease (CD); 80 ulcerative colitis (UC); 31 controls]. Changes in community-wide and within-patient microbiota are linked with inflammation, but we find no evidence for a distinct microbial diagnostic signature, probably due to heterogeneous host-microbe interactions, and show only marginal microbiota associations with habitual diet. Epithelial DNA methylation improves disease classification and is associated with both inflammation and microbiota composition. Microbiota sub-groups are driven by dominant Enterbacteriaceae and Bacteroides species, representative strains of which are pro-inflammatory in vitro, are also associated with immune-related epigenetic markers. In conclusion, inflamed and non-inflamed colonic segments in both CD and UC differ in microbiota composition and epigenetic profiles.

Subtropical goats ovulate in response to the male effect after a prolonged treatment of artificial long days to stimulate their milk yield.

The objectives of this study were to determine (i) if in subtropical goats that gave birth during mid-December, the exposition to an artificial long-day photoperiod consisting in only 14 hr of light per day can increase the milk yield and (ii) to test whether these females can respond to the male effect at the end of the prolonged photoperiodic treatment. In experiment 1, 17 lactating goats were maintained under natural short days (control group), while another 22 goats were maintained under artificial long days (treated group) consisting in 14 hr light and 10 hr darkness starting at day 10 of lactation. The continuous exposition to an artificial long-day photoperiod produced an increase in the milk yield level during the first 110 days of lactation (time × treatment interaction; p = .01), while none of the milk components were modified due to the photoperiodic treatment (p > .05). In experiment 2, all control and treated anovulatory goats were submitted to the male effect using photostimulated males. All females showed oestrous behaviour within the first 10 days that were in contact with males (100% in both groups; p > .05). Thus, the latency to onset of oestrus did not differ between females from control (58.2 ± 3.0 hr) and treated (62 ± 4.6 hr) groups. Male exposition provoked ovulation independently if females were previously under long days or natural photoperiod (96 vs 100%, respectively; p = .79). It was concluded that exposure to 14 hr of light per day in subtropical goats that gave birth in late autumn stimulates milk yield without preventing the ovulation in response to the male effect at the end of the prolonged photoperiodic treatment.

Retroniquia: estudio ecográfico y tratamiento quirúrgico de un caso / Retronychia: A Case Report Including Ultrasound Imaging and Surgical Treatment

La retroniquia es un proceso emergente en el que la parte proximal de la lámina ungueal se encarna en el pliegue ungueal proximal, produciendo una paroniquia crónica refractaria a terapias antimicrobianas. La ecografía se ha postulado como la prueba no invasiva de confirmación y para diagnóstico diferencial, sobre todo con afecciones tumorales y artríticas locales. La presencia de dos o más láminas ungueales superpuestas y la disminución de la distancia entre el origen de la lámina ungueal y la base de la falange distal podrían ser los criterios ecográficos distintivos de esta entidad. La avulsión quirúrgica de la lámina ungueal es la terapia de elección y curativa de la misma. Su conocimiento todavía está poco difundido entre los dermatólogos, ocasionando errores y demoras diagnósticas y terapéuticas, lo que nos ha motivado a la presentación de un nuevo caso

Retronychia is a recently described disorder caused by ingrowth of the proximal nail plate into the proximal nail fold. This situation provokes chronic paronychia refractory to antimicrobial therapy. Ultrasound has been proposed as the noninvasive method of choice to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other differential diagnoses, particularly local tumors and arthritic disease. The presence of 2 or more overlapping nail plates and a reduced distance between the root of the nail plate and the base of the distal phalanx could be the ultrasound hallmarks of this condition. Nail plate avulsion is the treatment of choice and is curative. Knowledge of retronychia is still limited among dermatologists, which can lead to diagnostic and therapeutic errors and delay. This has prompted us to present this new case

A comparison of the gut microbiome between long-term users and non-users of proton pump inhibitors.

BACKGROUND: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use is associated with an increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), though the mechanism is unclear. PPI induced alterations to the gut microbiome may facilitate the emergence of CDI, though the effects of PPIs on gut microbiota are not well characterised. [Correction added on 10 March 2016, after first online publication: microflora has been changed to microbiota throughout the article.] AIM: To compare the faecal microbiomes of long-term PPI users to those with no history of PPI use. METHODS: We used a population-based database to identify individuals with ≥5 years of continuous PPI use along with non-PPI using controls. Stool samples were subjected to microbiological analysis, with hierarchical clustering at genus level, along with alpha and beta diversity measures comparing the two groups. Metadata was accounted for using quantile regression to eliminate potential confounding variables in taxonomic abundance comparisons. RESULTS: Sixty-one subjects (32 PPI, 29 controls) were analysed. While no significant differences in alpha diversity were found between the PPI users and controls, a moderate shift of the PPI users away from the non-PPI user cluster in the beta diversity was observed. After controlling for pertinent confounders, we discovered a decrease in Bacteroidetes and an increase in Firmicutes at the phylum level. We also performed species classifications and found Holdemania filiformis and Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus to be increased and decreased in the PPI cohort, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term PPIs use has an effect on the gut microbiome. The alteration in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes may pre-dispose to the development of CDI.

Retronychia: A Case Report Including Ultrasound Imaging and Surgical Treatment. / Retroniquia: estudio ecográfico y tratamiento quirúrgico de un caso.

Retronychia is a recently described disorder caused by ingrowth of the proximal nail plate into the proximal nail fold. This situation provokes chronic paronychia refractory to antimicrobial therapy. Ultrasound has been proposed as the noninvasive method of choice to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other differential diagnoses, particularly local tumors and arthritic disease. The presence of 2 or more overlapping nail plates and a reduced distance between the root of the nail plate and the base of the distal phalanx could be the ultrasound hallmarks of this condition. Nail plate avulsion is the treatment of choice and is curative. Knowledge of retronychia is still limited among dermatologists, which can lead to diagnostic and therapeutic errors and delay. This has prompted us to present this new case.

Resonancia magnética en espondiloartritis axial: estudio Delphi sobre pautas de actuación y realización / Guidelines for magnetic resonance imaging in axial spondyloarthritis: a Delphi study

Objetivo. La espondiloartritis axial (EspA) pertenece a un grupo de enfermedades reumáticas inflamatorias crónicas que cursan con afectación axial, periférica y de entesis y tienen bases genéticas comunes. Recientemente, la Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS) ha establecido unos criterios diagnósticos, incluyendo por primera vez la resonancia magnética (RM). Al ser esta una técnica de difícil acceso en determinados medios y ante la falta de experiencia con esta enfermedad, un grupo de radiólogos y reumatólogos propuso buscar recomendaciones prácticas para usarla correctamente. Material y métodos. Encuesta realizada (método Delphi) a 46 expertos sobre el diagnóstico de EspA mediante RM, con 49 ítems estratificados en 4 bloques. Resultados. Se consensuó el 82% de los ítems. El grado de consenso fue del 100% en el bloque «Importancia del diagnóstico precoz de la EspA», del 69% en la «Optimización del uso de la RM en el diagnóstico de la EspA», del 93% en el «Uso de la RM en la EspA: cuestiones técnicas», y del 57% en la «Utilidad de la RM en el pronóstico, seguimiento y valoración del tratamiento de la EspA». Conclusiones. A pesar de la importancia de la RM para diagnosticar precozmente la EspA, este trabajo refleja la necesidad de estandarizarla, y pone de manifiesto una falta de consenso relativa sobre cómo usarla para seguir la enfermedad y valorar la respuesta al tratamiento. Se aportan recomendaciones para mejorar el uso de la RM para diagnosticar la EspA (AU)

Objective. The term axial spondyloarthritis refers to a group of chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases with a common genetic basis that course with axial and peripheral involvement and enthesitis. Recently, the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) established some diagnostic criteria, including for the first time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Given the difficulties of obtaining MRI in some environments and the lack of experience with axial spondyloarthritis, a group of radiologists and rheumatologists sought to establish some practical guidelines to ensure the correct use of MRI in this disease. Material and methods. Using the Delphi method, we used a questionnaire with 49 items stratified into 4 blocks to survey 46 experts in the MRI diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis. Results. The experts agreed on 82% of the items. The degree of agreement was 100% in the block “Importance of early diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis”, 69% in the block “Optimization of the use of MRI in the diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis”, 93% in the block “Use of MRI in axial spondyloarthritis: Technical aspects”, and 57% in the block “Usefulness of MRI in the prognosis, follow-up, and evaluation of the response to treatment in axial spondyloarthritis”. Conclusions. Despite the importance of MRI in the early diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis, this study shows the need for standardization and points to relative disagreement about how to use MRI in the follow-up of the disease and evaluation of the response to treatment. The results of this study can help improve the use of MRI in axial spondyloarthritis (AU)

Evolution in the use of musculoskeletal ultrasonography in a Rheumatology Unit over 14 years.

The aim of this article is to evaluate the use of musculoskeletal ultrasound in the daily clinical practice of a rheumatology unit. We conducted a descriptive retrospective analysis of the ultrasound examinations performed during 2011 and a comparison of these examinations with those performed between 1998 and 2003 and between 2007 and 2008. A total of 712 ultrasound examinations performed in 2011 were reviewed. Out of the total, examinations of individual areas of the body represented 11.6% versus 45.9% of the examinations made between 2007 and 2008 and 100% of those performed before 2003. The remaining 88.4% of ultrasound examinations performed in 2011 were intended to investigate inflammation in 25.8%, differential diagnosis of arthralgia in 17.1%, enthesis in 12.6% and temporal arteries in 17.3%, and to conduct ultrasound-guided procedures in 10.6% and study microcrystalline pathologies in 4.7%. In our unit, ultrasonography is evolving from being a mere investigation of individual areas of the body to becoming a clinical information tool, which contributes to the diagnosis and monitoring of the disease activity in the patient as a whole.

Guidelines for magnetic resonance imaging in axial spondyloarthritis: A Delphi study.

OBJECTIVE: The term axial spondyloarthritis refers to a group of chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases with a common genetic basis that course with axial and peripheral involvement and enthesitis. Recently, the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) established some diagnostic criteria, including for the first time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Given the difficulties of obtaining MRI in some environments and the lack of experience with axial spondyloarthritis, a group of radiologists and rheumatologists sought to establish some practical guidelines to ensure the correct use of MRI in this disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using the Delphi method, we used a questionnaire with 49 items stratified into 4 blocks to survey 46 experts in the MRI diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis. RESULTS: The experts agreed on 82% of the items. The degree of agreement was 100% in the block "Importance of early diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis", 69% in the block "Optimization of the use of MRI in the diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis", 93% in the block "Use of MRI in axial spondyloarthritis: Technical aspects", and 57% in the block "Usefulness of MRI in the prognosis, follow-up, and evaluation of the response to treatment in axial spondyloarthritis". CONCLUSIONS: Despite the importance of MRI in the early diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis, this study shows the need for standardization and points to relative disagreement about how to use MRI in the follow-up of the disease and evaluation of the response to treatment. The results of this study can help improve the use of MRI in axial spondyloarthritis.

Metabolic syndrome characteristics in gout patients.

Gout is commonly associated with obesity, arterial hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. However, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome has not been widely recognized in patients with gout. We studied 41 patients (37 males) with primary gout to assess the prevalence and characteristics of the associated metabolic syndrome. Twenty-one patients with gout (51%) showed >or=3 criteria for the metabolic syndrome. Pathological conditions associated were obesity (21/41), high blood pressure (30/41), dyslipidemia (30/41), and fasting plasma glucose >or= 100 mg/dL (22/41). The most frequent triad was the presence of increased waist circumference, elevated fasting plasma glucose, and hypertension. Mean serum urate concentration did not differ significantly in gout patients with the metabolic syndrome (8.5 mg/dl) and without (8.1 mg/dl). Given the complications associated with metabolic syndrome, its diagnosis may determine the long-term treatment of patients with gout.

Ventilación de alta frecuencia oscilatoria (VAFO): experiencia inicial en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales / High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV): initial experiences of a neonatal intensive care unit

Introducción: La Ventilación de Alta Frecuencia Oscilatoria (VAFO) ha surgido como una alternativa en el tratamiento de diversas formas de falla respiratoria, ante el fracaso de la ventilación Mecánica Convencional. Objetivo: Describir la experiencia de un servicio de Neonatología en la utilización de un ventilador de alta frecuencia, según criterios de dificultad en la ventilación, valores de índice de oxigenación y/o valores de PMVA. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y analítico. Se incluyeron recién nacidos con el diagnóstico de insuficiencia respiratoria severa, con Índice de Oxigenación (IO) mayor de 20 o Presión Media Vía Área mayor (PMVA) de 12 en cm de H2O. Resultados: En el periodo de estudio comprendido entre marzo 2008 y marzo 2009, en 9 pacientes se decidió el uso de VAFO, de los cuales fueron excluidos 2 pacientes por haber fallecido antes de la hora de instalada la terapéutica, por causas no atribuibles al uso de la VAFO; en los 7 pacientes restantes se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: edad promedio 35 semanas (26-41), peso promedio 2310 grs.(850-3810); el IO (índice de oxigenación) de ingreso a VAFO promedio fue de 33,6, con valores que variaron entre un máximo de 50 y un mínimo de 15. Con relación a la pO2 se observó una mejoría post VAFO en 6/7 (90%) mayor de 20 mmHg dentro de la primera hora. La sobrevida fue 3/7 (43%). Conclusiones: Si bien se observó mejoría en la oxigenación, en la ventilación y en el índice de oxigenación luego del ingreso de los pacientes a la VAFO, sin embargo la sobrevida no fue buena 3/7 (43%).

Introduction: High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) has become an alternative for various types of respiratory failure due to the failure of conventional mechanical ventilation.Objective: To assess the results of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) as resuscitative therapy for severe respiratory failure in newborns at a neonatal unit. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, analytic, observational study. Newborns were included with a diagnosis of severe respiratory insufficiency with an oxygenation index (OI) greater than 20 or a mean airway pressure (MAP) of 12 cm H2O. Results: During the study period lasting from March 2008 to March 2009, it was decided to use HFOV for 9 patients, of whom 2 were excluded due to death before use of HFOV therapy for unrelated causes. The remaining 7 patients had a mean age of 35 weeks, (range: 26-41 weeks), average weight of 2310 grams (range: 850-3810 grams), and an average OI on presentation of 33.6 with values of a maximum of 50 and a minimum of 1.5. Post-HFOV improvement greater than 20 mmHg PO2 was seen in 6 of 7 (90%) within the first hour. The survival ate was 43% (3 of 7).

Morbi-mortalidad en recién nacidos de muy bajo peso al nacer: unidad de neonatologia: centro materno infantil: Hospital de Clínicas / Morbidity and mortality in very-low birth weight newborns neonatology unit: centro materno infantil: Hospital de Clinicas

Objetivos: Determinar la morbi-mortalidad de los Recién nacidos de muy bajo peso al nacer en la Unidad de Neonatología del Centro Materno Infantil del Hospital de Clínicas. Metodología: Estudio de tipo prospectivo descriptivo de cohorte de todos los recién nacidos que nacieron en el Centro Materno Infantil con peso entre 500 y 1500 gramos, entre el 1º de enero del 2004 al 31 de diciembre del 2007, con seguimiento desde su nacimiento hasta su alta o muerte hospitalaria. Resultados: Nacieron, 128 Recién Nacidos de Muy Bajo Peso, de un total de 9486 nacidos vivos, con una incidencia de 1,35%. La media de peso fue 1143 +/-247 gramos y la edad gestacional media fue de 29,6 +/- 2,8 semanas. Sexo femenino 54% y cesárea como vía del nacimiento 57%. Intervenciones prenatales tales como control prenatal y uso de corticoides se registró en 86% y 50,8%, la patología materna predominante fue la rotura prematura de membranas 37,5%. Dentro de las intervenciones en Sala de partos la reanimación con bolsa y máscara fue la más utilizada 36,7%. De las intervenciones en UCIN fueron analizados 119 Recién nacidos, excluyendo los óbitos en sala de partos. La patología neonatal más frecuente fue el síndrome de distrés respiratorio 59,6%, sepsis tardía 31%. Aquellos RN con distrés respiratorio recibieron surfactante pulmonar 57,7%. La ventilación mecánica fue utilizada en el 48,7%. Estudios de seguimiento como la ecografía transfontanelar y el fondo de ojo se realizaron en el 75,6% y en el 42% de los RN. La mortalidad global fue de 32,8% (42/128), si se excluyen las ocurridas en sala de partos la mortalidad registrada fue de 27,7% (33/119). El rango de peso en el que se observó mayor mortalidad fue entre 501- 750 gramos 88,9%. y a la edad gestacional de 30 semanas. La media de estancia hospitalaria fue de 44,3 +/- 30,12 días; la principal causa de muerte fue sepsis en un 30%.

Readmisiones hospitalarias en recién nacidos egresados de una sala de alojamiento conjunto / Hospitalary readmission of newborns released from common mother and son internment

Introducción: la readmisión neonatal es un tema muy importante con morbilidad significativa y costosa responsabilidad, constituye un especial desafío para el pediatra, debido a la inespecificidad y labilidad con que el recién nacido reacciona ante diferentes noxas y la variedad de patologías que pueden presentarse de manera similar. Objetivo: conocer las causas de reingreso, las características perinatales y la morbimortalidad de una población de recién nacidos readmitidos en el primer mes de vida y analizar las estrategias posibles que resulten en la mejor atención de la madre y el RN en la sala de alojamiento conjunto. Material y métodos: estudio prospectivo, analítico, observacional, incluyeron todos los recién nacidosegresados del servicio de alojamiento conjunto y readmitidos en el Departamento de Neonatología del Centro Materno Infantil (San Lorenzo), en los primeros 28 días de vida, en el periodo comprendido desde enero de 2004 a junio de 2005. Resultados: total de RN readmitidos 51. Promedio de edad materna 24 años (16-41), 76 por ciento de las madres presentaron CPN suficiente, en el grupo de pacientesreadmitidos el 40 por ciento tuvieron CPN insuficientes y 30 por ciento en el límite (4). El 57% (29/51) nuligesta, 20 por ciento primigesta, nacieron por cesárea el 52 por ciento de los recién nacidos. Peso de nacimiento promedio 3189 g. DS + 593, edad gestacional promedio 38 semanas DS ± 2, 41 por ciento fueron recién nacidos casi de término y limítrofe (35-37 sem.). 63 por ciento masculinos, el 100 por ciento presentaron Apgar de 8/9. Edad media al alta 3 días ± 1, el 100 por cientocon lactancia materna exclusiva, días de vida alreingreso 9,3 ± 4.

Articulos del cono sur Paraguay: readmisiones hospitalarias en recien nacidos egresados de una sala de alojamiento conjunto / Articles in the southern cone Paraguay: hospital readmissions in newborns graduates rooming room

La readmision neonatal es un tema muy importante con morbilidad significativa y costosa responsabilidad, constituye un especial desafio para el pediatra, debido a la inespecificidad y labilidad con que RN reacciona ante diferentes noxas y pa variedad de patologías que pueden presentarse de manera similar.

Clinical and ultrasonographic findings related to knee pain in osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVES: To determine clinical and sonographic factors associated with painful episodes in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: In this cross-sectional controlled study, patients with primary knee OA (ACR criteria) were prospectively placed into two groups. Group A: 81 patients with knee pain during physical activity >or=30 mm in visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain for at least 48 h prior to inclusion; Group B: 20 patients without knee pain from at least 1 month prior to inclusion. Clinical parameters, knee radiographic and ultrasonographic findings were collected. The sonographic study assessed joint effusion in the suprapatellar pouch, infrapatellar superficial and deep bursitis, meniscal lesions, anserine tendinobursitis, and Baker's cyst. RESULTS: Group A patients tended to be older and heavier women than group B (P<0.05). The most frequent radiographic stage was III (57%) in group A, and I (35%) and II (35%) in group B, showing differences in the distribution of each radiographic stage (P<0.005). The most frequent ultrasonographic finding in group A was suprapatellar effusion (79%), and in group B it was meniscal lesions (40%). Ultrasonographic findings showed in group A a significant increase of suprapatellar effusion (P<0.001) and a tendency towards an increase of Baker's cyst (P=0.06). Suprapatellar effusion, Baker's cyst, and body mass index (BMI) were the factors associated with the appearance of pain after the logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Suprapatellar effusion, Baker's cyst, and higher BMI are more frequent and seem to be risk factors of painful flare in OA of the knee.

Readmisiones hospitalarias en recién nacidos egresados de una sala de alojamiento conjunto / Hospital readmissions in newborns released from joint lodging to home

Objetivo: Conocer las causas de reingreso, las características perinatales y la morbimortalidad de una población de recién nacidos readmitidos en el primer mes de vida y analizar las estrategias posibles que resulten en la mejor atención de la madre y el RN en la sala de alojamiento conjunto.Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo, analítico, observacional, incluyeron todos los recién nacidos egresados del Servicio de alojamiento conjunto y readmitidos en el Departamento de Neonatología del Centro Materno Infantil (San Lorenzo), en los primeros 28 días de vida, en el periodo comprendido de enero del 2004 a junio del 2005. Resultados: Total de RN readmitidos 51. Promedio de edad materna 24 años (16-41), 76% de las madres presentaron CPN suficiente, en el grupo de pacientes readmitidos el 40% tuvieron CPN insuficientes y 30% en el límite (4). El 57% (29/51) nuligesta, 20% primigesta, nacieron por cesárea el 52% de los RN. Peso de nacimiento promedio 3189 g. DS + 593, edad gestacional promedio 38 semanas DS + 2, 41% fueron RN casi de término y limítrofe (35-37 sem.). 63% masculinos, el 100% presentaron Apgar de 8/9. Edad media al alta 3 días + 1, el 100% con lactancia materna exclusiva, días de vida al reingreso 9.3 + 4. Los diagnósticos principales fueron: hiperbilirrubinemia 59%, de los cuales el 90% fue sin incompatibilidad y sin hemólisis, el 99% requirió sólo luminoterapia y un paciente exanguinotrasfusión. El 18% reingresó por mala técnica alimentaria, el 16% (8) con diagnóstico de malformaciones congénitas mayores, dos pacientes fallecieron, constituyendo el 3.9% del total.Conclusiones: Las causas de readmisión hospitalaria en este grupo de RN fueron hiperbilirrubinemia y mala técnica alimentaria; la gravedad de la readmisión se asoció a diagnóstico de infecciones y malformaciones congénitas