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1.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33946620

ABSTRACT

Palliative care is a holistic approach to care for people with chronic, advanced, and life-threatening illnesses. It improves the quality of life of patients and their caregivers. However, there is still limited access to palliative care in many countries. Knowledge about palliative care is key to increase its availability. Thus, this article aimed to explore the knowledge of the general population about palliative care in Ecuador. The study had a descriptive cross-sectional design. Through snowball sampling, between September 2019 and January 2020, 257 people completed an anonymous online questionnaire about general and specific aspects of palliative care. Descriptive and ANOVA analyses indicate that people have many misconceptions about palliative care and how it should be provided. Gender, education, training, occupation, and experience as caregivers were related to the total level of knowledge about palliative care. Regression analyses show other variables as predictors of knowledge. This study highlights the lack of knowledge about specific issues within palliative care in the general population in Ecuador. It also shows the need to develop and implement education measures to fill these gaps and enhance access to palliative care in health systems.


Subject(s)
Palliative Care , Quality of Life , Cross-Sectional Studies , Ecuador , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans
2.
Rev. esp. med. legal ; 43(3): 106-114, jul.-sept. 2017. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-165004

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La cervicalgia postraumática es importante en el contexto de las indemnizaciones por responsabilidad civil. Además, los cambios legislativos de 2015 dan mayor relevancia a las pruebas complementarias. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la utilidad de las pruebas de valoración biomecánica en la valoración de la cervicalgia postraumática por accidente de circulación por parte del médico forense y analizar su influencia en la determinación de secuelas. Material y método. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo con una muestra de personas con cervicalgia por accidente de circulación en proceso de valoración en el Servicio de Clínica Médico-Forense. Cada médico forense participante en la investigación seleccionó casos que se beneficiarían de un mayor estudio, realizó una preevaluación de secuelas, los remitió para valoración biomecánica y, tras conocer los resultados, valoró las secuelas y la utilidad de la prueba. Se comparó la valoración inicial y final de secuelas en función del resultado de las pruebas biomecánicas y se describió su utilidad. Resultados. Se incluyeron 59 casos, 51 de los cuales accedieron a realizarse las pruebas. Mostraron: funcionalidad global normal (61%), levemente alterada (19%), alterada (12%) y no colaboración (8%). Hubo diferencias entre la preevaluación de secuelas y la valoración final, reduciéndose en los casos de funcionalidad normal, no colaboración y rechazo de prueba, y aumentando en los casos de funcionalidad alterada. El 98% de las pruebas resultaron útiles para los médicos participantes. Conclusiones. Las pruebas de valoración biomecánica fueron útiles para los médicos forenses en la valoración de secuelas de la cervicalgia postraumática por accidente de circulación y ayudaron a graduar la magnitud de las secuelas (AU)


Introduction. Post-traumatic neck pain is important in the context of liability compensation. In addition, legislative changes in 2015 give greater relevance to investigations. The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of biomechanical assessment tests in assessing post-traumatic neck pain due to traffic accident by medical examiners, and to analyse the influence of these tests in determining sequelae. Material and method. A descriptive study was conducted with a sample of people with neck pain after a traffic accident who were undergoing forensic assessment. Each medical examiner participating in the study selected cases they believed would benefit from a more complete assessment, conducted a pre-assessment of sequelae, referred cases for biomechanical assessment and, after receiving the results, assessed sequelae and the usefulness of the test. The initial and final assessments of sequelae were compared, taking into account the outcome of the biomechanical testing. The usefulness of the test was also described. Results. A total of 59 cases was included, 51 of which accepted the testing. Results showed normal overall functionality (61%), slightly altered functionality (19%), altered functionality (12%) and no collaboration (8%). There were differences between the pre-evaluation of sequelae and the final assessment, with differences being less in the cases of normal functionality, no collaboration and rejection of testing, and greater in the cases of impaired functionality. A total of 98% of the test were useful to the participating medical examiners. Conclusions. Biomechanical assessment test were useful to medical examiners in assessing post-traumatic neck pain sequelae secondary to a traffic accident and helped to rate the magnitude of the sequelae (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Neck Pain/complications , Neck Pain/epidemiology , Neck Pain/therapy , Biomechanical Phenomena/physiology , Accidents, Traffic/legislation & jurisprudence , Forensic Medicine/methods , Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data , Photogrammetry/instrumentation , Photogrammetry/methods , Photogrammetry , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods
3.
Rev. esp. med. legal ; 42(2): 81-85, abr.-jun. 2016.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-152578

ABSTRACT

Desde la publicación por el Ministerio de Justicia del Libro blanco de la Medicina Forense en 1988 hasta la actualidad, se han ido desarrollando de manera lenta, pero imparable, las modificaciones imprescindibles tanto a nivel funcional como organizativo en el campo de la medicina forense en España. Pero como todo proyecto ambicioso de modernización de las organizaciones humanas, el devenir del tiempo, las complejas relaciones interorganizacionales, los vertiginosos avances tecnológicos y las evoluciones sociales hacen necesarias la reevaluación de las expectativas iniciales y la implementación de las nuevas necesidades. En este artículo se abordan los nuevos retos que nos esperan, muchos de ellos ya incluidos en nuestras normas legales de actuación, y que suponen una sustancial modificación en nuestra forma de actuación, por lo que planteamos la necesidad de acometerlos, desde un punto de vista organizativo, en los nuevos Institutos de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses (IML y CF) mediante la creación de unidades funcionales de organización y calidad que impliquen al conjunto del instituto y contribuyan a mejorar las relaciones intra e interprofesionales, así como la calidad de nuestra labor profesional (AU)


Since the publication of the Forensic Medicine White Book by the Ministry of Justice in 1988, essential reforms in the field of forensic medicine in Spain—both at a functional and organizational level—have been developing at a slow but persistent pace. However, as any ambitious project aiming at modernising human organisations, with the passing of time, the complex inter-organizational relations, the dramatic technological advances and the evolution of society require the reassessment of the project initial expectations and the implementation of new needs. n this article we address the new challenges waiting for us, many of them already reflected in the legal framework. As these new challenges imply a substantial modification of our course of action, we suggest addressing them from an organizational point of view in the new Institutes of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences by creating functional units of organization and quality. These new functional units should involve the institute as a whole and contribute to improve the intra- and inter-professional relations and the quality of our professional activity (AU)


Subject(s)
Forensic Medicine/organization & administration , Forensic Medicine/standards , Law Enforcement/methods , Judiciary , Forensic Medicine/methods , Spain/epidemiology , Academies and Institutes/legislation & jurisprudence , Governmental Research Institutes , Justice Administration System
4.
Rev. esp. med. legal ; 40(3): 108-111, jul.-sept. 2014.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-124851

ABSTRACT

La cervicalgia postraumática es la patología más prevalente en los Servicios de Clínica Médico-Forense en España. Por ello, toda herramienta diagnóstica capaz de mejorar la precisión en la valoración médica puede tener un gran impacto profesional, socioeconómico y judicial. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 21 años, que sufrió un accidente de tráfico por colisión posterior, pero con mecanismo lesional atípico, y refiere en distintas valoraciones cervicalgia, mareo, vértigo y pérdida de fuerza en ambas manos. Se realizó valoración funcional mediante técnicas biomecánicas de raquis cervical, equilibrio, y fuerzas de empuñamiento y pinzas lateral y distal, objetivándose la funcionalidad normal en raquis y la falta de colaboración en la valoración de la fuerza de la mano. Por parte del médico-forense se consideraron útiles los resultados obtenidos para el establecimiento de la sanidad, la cual se consideró ad integrum (AU)


Post-traumatic neck pain is the most prevalent pathology in Forensic Medical Clinics in Spain. Because of this, any diagnostic tool capable of improving the accuracy of the medical assessment can have an important professional, socioeconomic or legal impact. We present the case of a 21 year-old woman who suffered a rear-end collision with a non-typical mechanism of injury. The patient described neck pain, dizziness and vertigo, andloss of strength in both hands on several medical examinations. Cervical function, balance, and the ability of the hand muscle for gripping, lateral clipping and distal clipping were evaluated using biomechanical techniques. Normal function was observed in cervical function and balance, as well as a lack of collaboration in the hand evaluation. The Forensic examiner considered the obtained results to be useful in establishing the final conclusion, which was restitutio ad integrum (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Neck Pain/complications , Neck Pain/epidemiology , Accidents, Traffic/legislation & jurisprudence , Neck Injuries/complications , Neck Injuries/epidemiology , Biomechanical Phenomena/physiology , Photogrammetry/methods , Photogrammetry/trends , Forensic Medicine/legislation & jurisprudence , Forensic Medicine/standards , Disability Evaluation , Neck Injuries
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