ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: This prospective study was undertaken to determine the safest means of supplemental oxygen delivery for patients undergoing facial cosmetic surgery under conscious sedation. Two common methods of oxygen delivery were used in 20 patients: (1) a nasal cannula and (2) a red rubber nasopharyngeal tube through which the cut ends of the nasal cannula were passed into the posterior pharynx. METHODS: The project was carried out in two parts. In part one, each subject was placed supine and oxygen supplementation at 3 liters/minute was applied through the nasal cannula. The oxygen concentration at 24 different set locations around the patient's face was analyzed using the random access mass spectrometer unit, starting at the right and left alar rim and then at 2-cm intervals laterally, superiorly, and inferiorly. The procedure in part one was repeated with oxygen being delivered by passing the cut cannula end through a red rubber nasopharyngeal tube into the posterior pharynx. RESULTS: Statistical analysis has showed that in all sites at or above the nasal area, the difference between the nasal cannula and red rubber nasopharyngeal tube is significantly greater than 0, indicating that higher concentrations are observed with the nasal cannula than with the red rubber nasopharyngeal tube (p = 0.004). CONCLUSION: The authors' study demonstrates a significant reduction in oxygen concentration, to levels consistent with ambient air, even at points extremely close to the oxygen source, when the nasopharyngeal tube system was used.
Subject(s)
Cosmetic Techniques , Face/surgery , Fires/prevention & control , Intubation/methods , Operating Rooms , Oxygen/administration & dosage , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Safety , Equipment Design , Humans , Intubation/instrumentation , Nose , Pharynx , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Neste trabalho os autores ressaltam a raridade do ocorrência de Polidrâmnio Agudo Idiopático Recorrente - PAIR, sendo que a incidência de polidrâmnio na populaçäo geral é de 0,4 a 1,5 por cento e destes 34 por cento säo idiopáticos, havendo apenas quatro casos de PAIR descritos na literatura. Para ilustrar tal fato, é relatado o caso de uma paciente de 28 anos de idade sem qualquer patologia, com duas gestaçöes diagnosticadas como polidrâmnio idiopático sem presença de malformaçöes fetais, acompanhada pelo serviço de ginecologia e Obstetrícia da Faculdade de Medicina da FUABC. Na segunda cesárea, foi encontrado uma tumoraçäo em tuba direita, cujo anatomo-patológico fora Endometriose, uma associaçäo inédita na literatura. É conhecida a relaçäo entre o polidrâmnio e as anomalias congênitas fetais, presentes em 1/5 dos casos, especialmente as do SNC e do tubo digestivo alto. Säo feitas mençöes de possíveis etiologias ainda näo confirmadas como: teoria imunológica dos receptores hormonais placentários e presença de antígenos de compatibilidade leucocítica, destacando-se os métodos de diagnóstico e tratamento mais recente
