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1.
Immunobiology ; 218(2): 238-44, 2013 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22784440

ABSTRACT

Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells that initiate the primary immune response and whose functional properties in vivo depend on the maturation stimulus. We describe the functional properties of human monocyte-derived DCs after the maturation of immature DCs (iDCs) for 2 days with LPS (100 ng/ml), PGE2 (1 µg/ml), CD40L (1 µg/ml) or IL-18 (200 ng/ml) and with CD40L+PGE2 and IL-18+PGE2 mixtures at the same concentrations as above. Neither IL-18 nor PGE2 alone stimulated IL-12 or IFN-γ secretion. When administered simultaneously to 1×10(6)iDCs/ml, IL-18+PGE2 induced the secretion of 131.4±6.7 pg IL-12/ml and 355±87 pg IFN-γ/ml but there was no detectable IL-10 secretion. However, PGE2 alone stimulated the secretion of 208±89 pg IL-10/ml whereas IL-18 alone did not stimulate the secretion of IL-10, IL-12, TNF-α or INF-γ. When the mixture of CD40L+PGE2 was used, only migration toward CCL19 and CCL21 was induced. CD40L did not stimulate the secretion of IL-10, IL-12, TNF-α or IFN-γ and did not stimulate migration toward CCL19 or CCL21. The extent of stimulation of T cell proliferation was essentially the same for all stimuli at the concentrations given above. New properties such as IL-12 and INF-γ secretion and migration toward CCL21 emerged when a mixture of IL-18+PGE2 was employed. These data show that when the pairs of stimuli reported here were used simultaneously their effect was not additive. This system can be used to prepare mDCs with properties useful for cell therapy and also as a model to investigate the mechanisms of cytokine secretion and cell migration.


Subject(s)
Chemokine CCL21/metabolism , Dendritic Cells/immunology , Dinoprostone/immunology , Interleukin-18/immunology , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , CD40 Ligand/immunology , Cell Differentiation , Cell Movement/immunology , Cell Proliferation , Cells, Cultured , Chemokine CCL19/metabolism , Dendritic Cells/pathology , Humans , Interferon-gamma/metabolism , Interleukin-12/metabolism , Lipopolysaccharides/immunology , Lymphocyte Activation , Monocytes/pathology , Receptor Cross-Talk
2.
Stem Cells Dev ; 19(3): 321-32, 2010 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19686049

ABSTRACT

As previously shown, higher levels of NOTCH1 and increased NF-kappaB signaling is a distinctive feature of the more primitive umbilical cord blood (UCB) CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), as compared to bone marrow (BM). Differences between BM and UCB cell composition also account for this finding. The CD133 marker defines a more primitive cell subset among CD34+ HSC with a proposed hemangioblast potential. To further evaluate the molecular basis related to the more primitive characteristics of UCB and CD133+ HSC, immunomagnetically purified human CD34+ and CD133+ cells from BM and UCB were used on gene expression microarrays studies. UCB CD34+ cells contained a significantly higher proportion of CD133+ cells than BM (70% and 40%, respectively). Cluster analysis showed that BM CD133+ cells grouped with the UCB cells (CD133+ and CD34+) rather than to BM CD34+ cells. Compared with CD34+ cells, CD133+ had a higher expression of many transcription factors (TFs). Promoter analysis on all these TF genes revealed a significantly higher frequency (than expected by chance) of NF-kappaB-binding sites (BS), including potentially novel NF-kappaB targets such as RUNX1, GATA3, and USF1. Selected transcripts of TF related to primitive hematopoiesis and self-renewal, such as RUNX1, GATA3, USF1, TAL1, HOXA9, HOXB4, NOTCH1, RELB, and NFKB2 were evaluated by real-time PCR and were all significantly positively correlated. Taken together, our data indicate the existence of an interconnected transcriptional network characterized by higher levels of NOTCH1, NF-kappaB, and other important TFs on more primitive HSC sets.


Subject(s)
Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism , NF-kappa B/genetics , Receptor, Notch1/genetics , Transcription Factors/genetics , AC133 Antigen , Antigens, CD/analysis , Antigens, CD34/analysis , Cell Lineage/genetics , Cluster Analysis , Fetal Blood/cytology , Flow Cytometry , Gene Expression Profiling , Glycoproteins/analysis , Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology , Humans , Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis , Peptides/analysis , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Stem Cells/cytology , Stem Cells/metabolism
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