ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Methadone and ketamine are used in neuropathic pain management. However, the benefits of both drugs association are uncertain in the treatment of neuropathic pain. OBJECTIVE: Our primary objective was test the hypothesis that oral methadone combined with oral ketamine is more effective than oral methadone or ketamine alone in reducing neuropathic pain. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a randomized, double blind, active-controlled parallel-group clinical trial. METHODS: Forty-two patients with neuropathic pain refractory to conventional therapy were randomly assigned to receive oral methadone (n = 14), ketamine (n = 14), or methadone plus ketamine (n = 14) over a 3-month period. RESULTS: During these 90 days, we observed pain scores using a visual analogical scale (VAS), allodynia, burning/shooting pain, and some side effects. All treatments were effective in reducing pain scores by at least 40%. However, a significant improvement in pain was observed only in the ketamine alone group compared with both the methadone or methadone/ketamine groups. No significant differences were observed among the treatment groups for the reduction of burning or shooting pain, while ketamine alone was more effective than methadone or methadone/ketamine for the reduction of allodynia. LIMITATIONS: Formal assessment for awareness of the allocation was not performed, some co-intervention bias may have occurred, our results could be only relevant to the patient population investigated and the use of VAS as the primary outcome detect changes in pain intensity but not to assess neuropathic pain symptoms. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that ketamine was better than methadone or methadone/ketamine for treating neuropathic pain.Key words: Multimodal analgesia, refractory pain, NMDA receptor, opioid.
Subject(s)
Chronic Pain/drug therapy , Ketamine/therapeutic use , Methadone/therapeutic use , Neuralgia/drug therapy , Adult , Aged , Double-Blind Method , Female , Humans , Ketamine/administration & dosage , Male , Methadone/administration & dosage , Middle Aged , Pain MeasurementABSTRACT
Os autores compararam a efetividade do midazolam sublingual com o midazolam intravenoso como pré-medicaçao em EDA, envolvendo 80 pacientes divididos em dois grupos. O grau de sedaçao, cooperaçao durante o procedimento e o grau de amnésia após o exame foram comparados, bem como os efeitos na PA, FC e FR, que foram similares para as duas vias de administraçao, com exceçao da amnésia anterógrada, que foi mais efetiva no grupo intravenoso. Concluem que o uso de midazolam sublingual tem efetividade semelhante ao intravenoso, porém com custo menos elevado, determinando maior praticidade na execuçao do procedimento.
