Regional differences regarding the occurrence of falls and associated factors in two populations of Brazilian longevous people.

BACKGROUND: Few studies have explored regional asymmetries and their implications for health policies regarding episodes of falls among the population of ≥80 years old in continental and developing countries like Brazil with deep inequalities and sociocultural differences. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the occurrence of falls and their association with functional capacity and nutritional status in the longest oldest-old living in two municipalities in the Northeast and Southeast of Brazil. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study, with primary data collection in which were included in the research seniors aged 80 years or more, of both sexes, belonging to two Brazilian municipalities of discrepant socioeconomic aspects. The dependent variable was the occurrence of falls in the last year. The independent variables were grouped into demographic aspects, functional capacity and nutritional status. To identify variables that contribute to the occurrence of falls, the multiple logistic regression model, adopts a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: The sample was composed of 415 oldest-old adults. From the total, 32.3% reported having fallen in the last year, 24.7% in Brejo dos Santos and 37.8% in São Paulo. Among the former population, the mean value of walking speed for those who had falls was 0.27 m/s and for those who had no occurrence of falls was 0.33 m/s; and, among the seniors from São Paulo, the mean values were 0.51 m/s and 0.58 m/s, respectively. Significant correlations between walking speed and falls were verified for both populations, showing that the lower the walking speed, the higher the predisposition to falls. In the final regression model, the occurrence of falls was associated with moderate balance (OR = 5.28; CI: 1.11-25.18) among the longevous people Brejo dos Santos and with very poor functional performance (OR = 16.09; CI:1.46-177.06) among those from São Paulo. CONCLUSION: The results pointed out a lower prevalence of falls in longevous people from Brejo dos Santos than in those from São Paulo and differences regarding the associated factors, showing heterogeneity between the two populations; indicating the need for public policies and effective programmes aimed at preventing falls based on the maintenance or increase of functional capacity.

Difficulties in accessing health services among the elderly in the city of São Paulo-Brazil.

To identify difficulties in accessing health services by the elderly in the city of São Paulo/Brazil and the contributory factors that reflect inequalities. This is a cross-sectional study that used data from the Health, Well-being and Aging Study (SABE). The population is composed of elderly ≥ 60 years old, of both sexes, living in the urban area of São Paulo. For this analysis, we used data from the 2015 cohort of the SABE study, containing a sample of 1,221 individuals. The proportions of access difficulty and, through logistic regression, the associated factors were verified, based on Andersen's Behavioral Model, which considers factors of predisposition, enabling and need as individual determinants of access to health care. It was observed that 37.0% of the elderly reported difficulty accessing health services when they needed it. This difficulty was greatest among females (42.3%), aged 60 to 69 years (40.9%), black race/color (58.8%), illiterate (44.5%), single/separated/divorced (44.3%), with income slower than one salary minimum (46.8%), without health insurance (51.9%), with poor/very poor self-assessment of health (54.7%), with multimorbidity (40.1%), frail (47.2%) and among those who used polypharmacy (40.8%). After multivariate analysis, in the final model, there was a positive association between difficulty of access and predisposing factors (female gender, age group 60 to 69 years, black race/color, illiterate), enabling factors (possession of health insurance) and need factors (regular and poor/very poor self-assessment of health and pre-fragility and frailty condition). The presence of difficulty in access associated with predisposing, enabling and need factors reflect the existence of inequalities caused by barriers that point to weaknesses in the organization of services. The identification of these barriers that hinder access highlights important points that can have an impact on the equity and resolution of care.

Psychosocial aspects and support networks associated with disability in two longevous populations in Brazil: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Among the oldest old, aged 80 years and over, the prevalence of disability is higher than in other age groups and can be considered a predictor of mortality. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate how psychosocial aspects and support networks influence the disability of these oldest-old individuals, performing a comparison between two longevous populations, one living in one of the poorest regions of Brazil, in the backlands of Paraíba, and another living in one of the largest urban centres in Latin America. METHOD: A cross-sectional study in which 417 oldest-old persons aged 80 years and older were interviewed, with data collected through the "Health, Welfare and Ageing" survey conducted in two Brazilian cities. Disability was assessed by reporting the need for assistance in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). Bivariate and multiple analyses were performed using R statistical software. RESULTS: Food insufficiency in the first years of life had negative repercussions on the disability of oldest old people living in the northeast. On the other hand, in this region, older people have a higher rate of support and live longer with their peers, which may contribute to reducing feelings of loneliness, depressive symptoms, and worse self-perception of health. In the Southeast, financial constraints, subjective poverty, and unmet needs may favour the development of functional limitations between long-lived people. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that regional differences in Brazil may influence the disability of older people aged 80 and older. In northeast Brazil, having no partner may contribute to disability for ADLs and IADLs; while, in the longevous population of São Paulo, having a worse self-rated health may contribute to disability for IADLs.

Factors related to the physical capacity of upper and lower limbs in quilombola elderly people. / Fatores relacionados à capacidade física de membros superiores e inferiores de idosos quilombolas.

This paper aimed to assess the factors related to the physical capacity of upper and lower limbs in quilombola older adults. This is a cross-sectional, analytic study performed with elderly residents in the quilombola community Caiana dos Crioulos, Alagoa Grande, Paraíba, Brazil. The researched dependent variables were the physical capacity of upper and lower limbs. It was performed the Spearman correlation and multiple and linear simple regression (95% CI; p<0.05). This work was performed per Resolution 466/2012 from National Health Council. Forty-three older adults were assessed. The bivariate analyses showed a positive correlation between handgrip strength (HGS) and physical activity (PA), between HGS and arm muscle circumference (AMC), and an inverse correlation between Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and age. The multiple-model for HGS was significantly correlated with age, AMC, and years of study (R2=0.374; p<0.05). Regarding the SPPB, it showed a significant correlation with age (R2=0.2524; p=0.001). Therefore, the muscle mass reserve, years of study, and age were factors related to the physical capacity among quilombola older adults. The strict compliance of these aspects and the early intervention can preserve physical capacity and ensure the productive inclusion and economic autonomy so much sought in the communities' social agenda.

Objetivou-se avaliar os fatores relacionados à capacidade física de membros superiores e inferiores em idosos quilombolas. Estudo transversal e analítico, realizado com a população idosa residente na comunidade quilombola Caiana dos Crioulos, Alagoa Grande, estado da Paraíba. As variáveis dependentes investigadas foram capacidade física de membros superiores e de membros inferiores. Foi realizada correlação de Spearman e regressão linear simples e múltipla (IC95%; p<0,05). O estudo foi realizado em conformidade com a Resolução 466/2012 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde do Ministério da Saúde. Foram avaliados 43 idosos. A análise bivariada mostrou correlação positiva entre FPM e PAF; entre FPM e CMB e correlação inversa entre a SPPB e a idade. O modelo múltiplo para FPM mostrou correlação significativa com a idade, CMB e anos de estudo (R2=0,374; p<0,05). Para a SPPB mostrou correlação significativa com a idade (R2=0,2524; p=0,001). Assim, a reserva de massa muscular, anos de estudo e idade foram fatores relacionados à capacidade física entre os idosos quilombolas. A observância criteriosa destes aspectos e a intervenção precoce podem preservar a capacidade física e garantir a inclusão produtiva e a autonomia econômica tão pleiteada na agenda social das comunidades.

Fatores relacionados à capacidade física de membros superiores e inferiores de idosos quilombolas / Factors related to the physical capacity of upper and lower limbs in quilombola elderly people

Resumo Objetivou-se avaliar os fatores relacionados à capacidade física de membros superiores e inferiores em idosos quilombolas. Estudo transversal e analítico, realizado com a população idosa residente na comunidade quilombola Caiana dos Crioulos, Alagoa Grande, estado da Paraíba. As variáveis dependentes investigadas foram capacidade física de membros superiores e de membros inferiores. Foi realizada correlação de Spearman e regressão linear simples e múltipla (IC95%; p<0,05). O estudo foi realizado em conformidade com a Resolução 466/2012 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde do Ministério da Saúde. Foram avaliados 43 idosos. A análise bivariada mostrou correlação positiva entre FPM e PAF; entre FPM e CMB e correlação inversa entre a SPPB e a idade. O modelo múltiplo para FPM mostrou correlação significativa com a idade, CMB e anos de estudo (R2=0,374; p<0,05). Para a SPPB mostrou correlação significativa com a idade (R2=0,2524; p=0,001). Assim, a reserva de massa muscular, anos de estudo e idade foram fatores relacionados à capacidade física entre os idosos quilombolas. A observância criteriosa destes aspectos e a intervenção precoce podem preservar a capacidade física e garantir a inclusão produtiva e a autonomia econômica tão pleiteada na agenda social das comunidades.

Abstract This paper aimed to assess the factors related to the physical capacity of upper and lower limbs in quilombola older adults. This is a cross-sectional, analytic study performed with elderly residents in the quilombola community Caiana dos Crioulos, Alagoa Grande, Paraíba, Brazil. The researched dependent variables were the physical capacity of upper and lower limbs. It was performed the Spearman correlation and multiple and linear simple regression (95% CI; p<0.05). This work was performed per Resolution 466/2012 from National Health Council. Forty-three older adults were assessed. The bivariate analyses showed a positive correlation between handgrip strength (HGS) and physical activity (PA), between HGS and arm muscle circumference (AMC), and an inverse correlation between Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and age. The multiple-model for HGS was significantly correlated with age, AMC, and years of study (R2=0.374; p<0.05). Regarding the SPPB, it showed a significant correlation with age (R2=0.2524; p=0.001). Therefore, the muscle mass reserve, years of study, and age were factors related to the physical capacity among quilombola older adults. The strict compliance of these aspects and the early intervention can preserve physical capacity and ensure the productive inclusion and economic autonomy so much sought in the communities' social agenda.

Socioeconomic Factors and Health Status Disparities Associated with Difficulty in ADLs and IADLs among Long-Lived Populations in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between socioeconomic factors, health status, and Functional Capacity (FC) in the oldest senior citizens in a metropolis and a poor rural region of Brazil. METHOD: Cross-sectional study of 417 seniors aged ≥80 years, data collected through Brazil's Health, Well-being and Aging survey. FC assessed by self-reporting of difficulties in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed using "R" statistical software. RESULTS: Socioeconomic and demographic inequalities in Brazil can influence FC in seniors aged 80 years and older. Comparatively, urban long-lived people had a higher prevalence of difficulties for ADLs and rural ones showed more difficulties for IADLs. Among urban oldest seniors, female gender and lower-income were correlated with difficulties for IADLs. Among rural oldest seniors, female gender, stroke, joint disease, and inadequate weight independently were correlated with difficulties for ADLs, while the number of chronic diseases was associated with difficulties for IADLs. CONCLUSION: Financial constraints may favor the development of functional limitations among older seniors in large urban centers. In poor rural areas, inadequate nutritional status and chronic diseases may increase their susceptibility to functional decline.

Hipertensão arterial controlada em idosos cadastrados na Estratégia Saúde da Família / Controlled hypertension in elderly individuals enrolled in the Family Health Strategy / Hipertensión arterial controlada en los ancianos cadastrados na Estratégia Saúde da Família

Analisar a prevalência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) controlada e os fatores associados em idosos cadastrados na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, feito com 278 idosos (60 anos ou mais de idade) cadastrados na ESF do município de Campina Grande/PB. A subamostra foi constituída de idosos que estavam usando medicamentos anti-hipertensivos. Foram verificadas prevalências de HAS controlada e investigada associação com variáveis demográficas e socioeconômicas, hábitos de vida e morbidade referida por meio de regressão de Poisson. Resultados: Verificou-se baixa prevalência de HAS controlada (34,5%; IC95%: 28,9-40,1), e não foi encontrada associação estatisticamente significativa ao nível de 5% com as variáveis independentes investigadas na análise multivariável. Conclusão: A HAS controlada apresentou baixa prevalência entre os idosos deste estudo, porém sem fatores associados. A identificação do baixo controle de HAS é importante para direcionar um cuidado específico em saúde, e a investigação de fatores associados contribui para garantir um tratamento efetivo. (AU)

To analyze the prevalence of controlled hypertension and associated factors among elderly enrolled in the Family Health Strategy (FHS). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, with elderley (60 years or older), enrolled in the FHS program of Campina Grande/PB. The sample consisted of elderly patients taking antihypertensive drugs (278 individuals). Prevalences of controlled hypertension and investigated association with variables demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle and self-reported morbidity, were verified by means of Poisson regression. Results: 278 elderly were included in the present study. There was a low prevalence of controlled hypertension (34.5%, 95% CI: 28.9-40.1); no statistically significant association was found at the 5% level with the independent variables investigated in the multivariable analysis. Conclusion:The controlled hypertension presented low prevalence among the elderly of this study, however, without associated factors. The identification of low control hypertension is important for the specific targeting of health care and the investigation of associated factors contributes to the guarantee of effective treatment. (AU)

Objetivo: Analizar la prevalencia de hipertensión arterial sistémica (HAS) controlada y factores asociados entre ancianos registrados en la Estrategia Salud de la Familia (ESF). Métodos:Se trata de un estudio transversal, con ancianos (60 años o más de edad), catastrados en la ESF del municipio de Campina Grande/PB. La sub-muestra fue constituida por ancianos en uso de medicamentos antihipertensivos. Se verificaron prevalencias de HAS controlada e investigada asociación con variables demográficas, socioeconómicas, hábitos de vida y morbilidad referida, por medio de regresión de Poisson. Resultados: Se incluyeron 278 ancianos en el presente estudio. Se verificó baja prevalencia de HAS controlada (34,5%, IC95%: 28,9-40,1), no se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa al nivel del 5% con las variables independientes investigadas en el análisis multivariable. Conclusión: La HAS controlada presentó baja prevalencia entre los ancianos de este estudio, sin embargo, sin factores asociados. La identificación del bajo control de HAS es importante para el direccionamiento específico del cuidado en salud y la investigación de factores asociados contribuye a la garantía de tratamiento efectivo. (AU)

[Validity and concordance of self-reported diabetes mellitus by the elderly]. / Validade e concordância do diabetes mellitus referido em idosos.

The scope of this study was to verify the validity and concordance of self-reported diabetes (DM) by the elderly in Campina Grande, State of Paraíba. It involved a cross-sectional home-based study, conducted with 362 elderly people aged 60 years of age and above registered in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) Program in Campina Grande, State of Paraíba. A sensitivity calculation, specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) in relation to demographic and socioeconomic variables was carried out to verify the validity and reliability of self-reported DM. The Kappa test was used to verify the concordance between the diagnosis and the reporting of the disease. Among the study participants, 67.4% were women. The prevalence of diagnosed DM of 14.1% and self-reported DM of 18.1% was observed Moderate sensitivity (58.8%), excellent specificity (87.8%), moderate PPV (44.8%) and excellent NPV (92.7%), and moderate concordance of self-reported DM (Kappa = 0.413 p < 0.001) was observed. In this study, due to moderate validity and concordance of self-reported DM among the elderly, it is considered not to be advisable that self-reported DM should be used as a disease prevalence indicator in the population studied.

Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a validade e a concordância do relato de diabetes mellitus (DM) na população idosa do município de Campina Grande/PB. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, domiciliar, realizado com 362 idosos de 60 anos ou mais de idade cadastrados na Estratégia Saúde da Família do município de Campina Grande/PB. Para verificar a validade e confiabilidade do relato foi realizado o cálculo de sensibilidade, especificidade e valores preditivos positivo (VPP) e negativo (VPN) em relação às variáveis demográficas e socioeconômicas. Utilizou-se o teste Kappa para verificar a concordância entre o diagnóstico e o relato da doença. Entre os participantes deste estudo, 67,4% eram mulheres. Foi verificada prevalência de DM diagnosticado de 14,1% e de DM referido de 18,1%. Foi observada moderada sensibilidade (58,8%), excelente especificidade (87,8%), moderado VPP (44,8%) e excelente VPN (92,7%), além de concordância moderada do relato de DM (Kappa = 0,413; p < 0,001). Observou-se neste estudo que devido à moderada validade e concordância do relato do DM entre os idosos, não é aconselhável que o DM referido seja utilizado como indicador de prevalência da doença na população estudada.

Validade e concordância do diabetes mellitus referido em idosos / Validity and concordance of self-reported diabetes mellitus by the elderly

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a validade e a concordância do relato de diabetes mellitus (DM) na população idosa do município de Campina Grande/PB. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, domiciliar, realizado com 362 idosos de 60 anos ou mais de idade cadastrados na Estratégia Saúde da Família do município de Campina Grande/PB. Para verificar a validade e confiabilidade do relato foi realizado o cálculo de sensibilidade, especificidade e valores preditivos positivo (VPP) e negativo (VPN) em relação às variáveis demográficas e socioeconômicas. Utilizou-se o teste Kappa para verificar a concordância entre o diagnóstico e o relato da doença. Entre os participantes deste estudo, 67,4% eram mulheres. Foi verificada prevalência de DM diagnosticado de 14,1% e de DM referido de 18,1%. Foi observada moderada sensibilidade (58,8%), excelente especificidade (87,8%), moderado VPP (44,8%) e excelente VPN (92,7%), além de concordância moderada do relato de DM (Kappa = 0,413; p < 0,001). Observou-se neste estudo que devido à moderada validade e concordância do relato do DM entre os idosos, não é aconselhável que o DM referido seja utilizado como indicador de prevalência da doença na população estudada.

Abstract The scope of this study was to verify the validity and concordance of self-reported diabetes (DM) by the elderly in Campina Grande, State of Paraíba. It involved a cross-sectional home-based study, conducted with 362 elderly people aged 60 years of age and above registered in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) Program in Campina Grande, State of Paraíba. A sensitivity calculation, specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) in relation to demographic and socioeconomic variables was carried out to verify the validity and reliability of self-reported DM. The Kappa test was used to verify the concordance between the diagnosis and the reporting of the disease. Among the study participants, 67.4% were women. The prevalence of diagnosed DM of 14.1% and self-reported DM of 18.1% was observed Moderate sensitivity (58.8%), excellent specificity (87.8%), moderate PPV (44.8%) and excellent NPV (92.7%), and moderate concordance of self-reported DM (Kappa = 0.413 p < 0.001) was observed. In this study, due to moderate validity and concordance of self-reported DM among the elderly, it is considered not to be advisable that self-reported DM should be used as a disease prevalence indicator in the population studied.

Body image perception and associated anthropometric and body composition indicators in the elderly / Percepção da imagem corporal e indicadores antropométricos e de composição corporal associados em idosos

Abstract Aging leads to psychological losses and various physical changes that, associated with body-stereotyped patterns imposed by society, can cause disturbances in the body image perception (BIP) in the elderly. The aim of this study was to evaluate BIP in older adults living in the city of Campina Grande / PB and its relationship with different anthropometric and body composition indicators. This cross-sectional study was carried out with older adults of both sexes enrolled in the Family Health Strategy of Campina Grande, PB. BIP was considered as a dependent variable and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), triceps skinfold (TSF), and arm fat area (AFA) as independent variables. The association between BIP and anthropometric indicators was verified using the Pearson chisquare test (X2), simple and multiple logistic regression, with significance level of p <0.05. Overall, 420 older adults were interviewed (68.1% women), of whom 409 reported their actual body image perception. Regarding the perception of idealized body image, 11 individuals did not respond and 230 were satisfied, since 179 desired another silhouette. Individuals with BMI indicative of overweight / obesity were more likely of showing body image dissatisfaction compared to those with normal weight. Subjects with excessive TSF showed greater body image dissatisfaction in relation to those with normal weight. Women were more likely of showing body image dissatisfaction. Thus, it was observed that variables BMI, TSF and sex were independently associated with body image satisfaction.

Resumo O envelhecimento acarreta perdas psicológicas e alterações físicas diversas que, associadas a padrões de corpo estereotipados pela sociedade, podem causar distúrbios na percepção da imagem corporal (PIC) dos idosos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a PIC de idosos residentes no município de Campina Grande/PB e sua relação com diferentes indicadores antropométricos e de composição corporal. Este estudo é domiciliar, transversal, realizado com idosos, de ambos os sexos, cadastrados na Estratégia Saúde da Família de Campina Grande, PB. A PIC foi considerada como variável dependente e o índice de massa corporal (IMC), a circunferência da cintura (CC), a dobra cutânea tricipital (DCT) e a área de gordura do braço (AGB) como variáveis independentes. A associação entre a PIC e os indicadores antropométricos foi verificada por meio do teste qui-quadrado de Pearson (X2), regressão logística simples e múltipla, com nível de significância p<0,05. Foram entrevistados 420 idosos (68,1% de mulheres), dos quais 409 informaram sobre a percepção da imagem corporal real. Quanto à percepção da imagem corporal idealizada, 11 idosos não responderam e 230 estavam satisfeitos, visto que 179 desejavam outra silhueta. Idosos com IMC indicativo de sobrepeso/obesidade apresentaram maior chance de insatisfação com a imagem corporal em relação àqueles eutróficos. Os idosos com DCT excessiva apresentaram maior insatisfação com a imagem corporal em relação àqueles eutróficos. As mulheres apresentaram maior chance de insatisfação com a imagem corporal. Com isso, observa-se que as variáveis IMC, DCT e sexo foram, independentemente, associadas à satisfação com a imagem corporal.

Caracterização do trabalho de enfermeiros e profissionais do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família na Atenção Primária / Characterization of work of nurses and health professionals in Support Center for Family Health in Primary Health Care

INTRODUÇÃO: Avaliar o trabalho dos profissionais de saúde da atenção básica pode revelar informações importantes relacionadas à forma de produção de cuidado, essenciais para sua qualificação e atendimento das necessidades de saúde da população. OBJETIVO: Este estudo se propôs caracterizar o trabalho de enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família e profissionais de saúde de Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família em um município da Paraíba, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal no qual foram incluídos enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família e profissionais de saúde dos Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família da cidade de Campina Grande, totalizando 52 profissionais, 20 enfermeiros e 32 de outras formações da área de saúde. Utilizou-se um questionário estruturado com informações sobre formação profissional, características do trabalho e satisfação profissional. O projeto teve aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. RESULTADOS: Os enfermeiros destacaram falta de solidariedade no trabalho e de reconhecimento. A maioria dos profissionais dos Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família mostrou insegurança decorrente de instabilidade laboral e medo de ficar sem trabalho. Ambos os grupos de profissionais indicaram baixa satisfação com a estrutura física, o atendimento individual à demanda e as reuniões com a comunidade. CONCLUSÃO: Os profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde do município têm que lidar com limitações impostas por um cenário estrutural pouco favorável das unidades de saúde e vínculos trabalhistas marcados por insegurança, falta de solidariedade e baixo reconhecimento.

INTRODUCTION: Assessing the work of primary care health professionals can reveal important information related to the way of providing care, essential for their qualification and meeting the health needs of the population. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to characterize the work of nurses in the Family Health Strategy and health professionals in the Centers for Family Health Support in a city from Paraíba, Brazil. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study in which nurses from the Family Health Strategy and health professionals from the Family Health Support Centers of the city of Campina Grande were enrolled, comprising 52 professionals, 20 nurses and 32 from other health training. A structured questionnaire with information about professional formation, working characteristics and professional satisfaction was used. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the State University of Paraíba. RESULTS: Nurses highlighted lack of solidarity and recognition at work. Most professionals from the Centers for Family Health Support showed uncertainty due to work instability and fear of being dismissed. Both professional groups expressed low satisfaction with the physical structure, the unaccompanied attention to population and meetings with the community. CONCLUSION: The city professionals of Primary Health Care must deal with restrictions imposed by structural problems in the health units and labor bonds marked by insecurity, lack of solidarity and low recognition.

The quality of life of health professionals working in the prison system. / Qualidade de vida no trabalho dos profissionais de saúde no sistema prisional.

This study aimed to evaluate the Quality of Work Life (QWL) of health professionals in prisons and identify QWL-associated factors. This is an exploratory, descriptive and cross-sectional survey conducted in five prisons. The study included 29 health professionals, who answered the TQWL-42 questionnaire. Results were obtained through descriptive statistics and multiple linear regressions. QWL was higher among women, younger workers, professionals with incomplete higher education or who have been working at the prison for 4 to 6 years. QWL overall assessment was 69.55 points. We observed that variables gender and education and biological/physiological and environmental/organizational spheres are associated with the overall assessment of QWL.

Qualidade de vida no trabalho dos profissionais de saúde no sistema prisional / The quality of life of health professionals working in the prison system

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (QVT) dos profissionais de saúde nas penitenciárias e verificar fatores associados à QVT. Realizou-se pesquisa exploratória, descritiva e transversal, em cinco unidades prisionais. Participaram do estudo 29 profissionais de saúde, que responderam o questionário TQWL-42. Os resultados foram obtidos através da estatística descritiva e regressões lineares múltiplas. A QVT foi maior entre mulheres; trabalhadores mais jovens, profissionais com ensino superior incompleto ou que desempenham suas funções laborais no presídio entre 4 e 6 anos. A avaliação global da QVT foi de 69,55 pontos. Observou-se que as variáveis sexo e escolaridade e as esferas biológica/fisiológica e ambiental/organizacional estão associadas à avaliação global da QVT.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the Quality of Work Life (QWL) of health professionals in prisons and identify QWL-associated factors. This is an exploratory, descriptive and cross-sectional survey conducted in five prisons. The study included 29 health professionals, who answered the TQWL-42 questionnaire. Results were obtained through descriptive statistics and multiple linear regressions. QWL was higher among women, younger workers, professionals with incomplete higher education or who have been working at the prison for 4 to 6 years. QWL overall assessment was 69.55 points. We observed that variables gender and education and biological/physiological and environmental/organizational spheres are associated with the overall assessment of QWL.

[Accessibility to Basic Family Health Units from the perspective of the elderly]. / Acessibilidade às Unidades Básicas de Saúde da Família na perspectiva de idosos.

This article aims to evaluate accessibility to health services from the perspective of the elderly in a city of Northeast Brazil. Socioeconomic and demographic data were collected, and the organizational, socio-cultural and economic accessibility to services offered by the Family Health Strategy (FHS) was assessed. A validated instrument adapted for the elderly population was used to assess the FHS by users in cities in Paraíba. The association of socioeconomic and demographic variables with accessibility was assessed. For organizational accessibility, the elderly of lower economic classes were more likely to give a positive evaluation regarding the opening hours for care, and less likely to give a positive assessment in relation to the amount of people attended per day and the ease to obtain medication. Women were more likely to positively evaluate the consultation with experts (economic accessibility). The evaluation of the elderly shows the existence of barriers, especially in organizational accessibility, which still persist regarding the demand and use of health services.

O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a acessibilidade às Unidades Básicas de Saúde da Família na perspectiva dos idosos em um município do Nordeste brasileiro. Foram coletadas informações socioeconômicas e demográficas dos idosos e sua avaliação acerca da acessibilidade (organizacional, sociocultural e econômica) aos serviços oferecidos pela Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Utilizou-se instrumento validado para avaliar a ESF pelos usuários em municípios paraibanos, o qual foi adaptado à população de idosos. Foi analisada a associação das variáveis socioeconômicas e demográficas com a avaliação da acessibilidade. Para a acessibilidade organizacional, idosos das classes econômicas inferiores apresentaram maior chance de emitir avaliação positiva aos horários de atendimento, e menor chance de avaliação positiva em relação à quantidade de atendimentos por dia e à facilidade em receber medicamentos. As mulheres apresentaram maior chance de avaliar positivamente a consulta com especialistas (acessibilidade econômica). A avaliação dos idosos mostra a existência de barreiras, principalmente na acessibilidade organizacional, que ainda persistem para a procura e a utilização dos serviços.

[Prevalence of anemia and correlation between the concentration of hemoglobin and cognitive factors among the elderly]. / Prevalência de anemia e correlação da concentração de hemoglobina com fatores cognitivos em idosos.

The scope of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia and the correlation between the concentration of hemoglobin and cognitive factors in an elderly population group resident in Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil. It was a cross-sectional study with individuals aged 60 or older. Men with hemoglobin levels <13 g / dL and women with levels <12 g / dL were considered anemic. Sociodemographic, cognitive condition and nutritional status variables were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed by means of simple and multiple linear regression. Among the 360 elderly patients evaluated (67.2% women), the prevalence of anemia was 12.5%. The average concentration of hemoglobin found was 13.5 g / dL and was correlated to sex variables (ß = -0.44, 95% CI: -1.35, -0.85), age (ß = -0.14 ; 95% CI: -0.03, -0.01), nutritional status (ß = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.06), memory impairment (ß = 0.12; 95% CI: - 0.06, -0.01), and dementia (ß = -0.13, 95% CI: -0.06, -0.01). Routine blood testing among the elderly makes it possible to detect and treat anemia at an early stage. Actions geared towards the elderly who show a cognitive decline should be developed in the Basic Family Health Units in order to improve the quality of life of this population.

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a prevalência de anemia e a correlação da concentração de hemoglobina com fatores cognitivos em população idosa residente em Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil. Tratou-se de um estudo transversal com indivíduos de 60 anos de idade ou mais. Foram considerados anêmicos os indivíduos do sexo masculino que apresentaram concentração de hemoglobina < 13 g/dL e do feminino que apresentaram concentrações < 12 g/dL. Foram analisadas variáveis sociodemográficas, condição cognitiva e estado nutricional. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio da regressão linear simples e múltipla. Foram avaliados 360 idosos (67,2% mulheres), cuja prevalência de anemia foi de 12,5%. A concentração média de hemoglobina verificada foi de 13,5 g/dL e esteve correlacionada às variáveis sexo (ß = -0,44; IC95%: -1,35;-0,85), idade (ß = -0,14; IC95%: -0,03;-0,01), estado nutricional (ß = 0,16; IC95%: 0,01;0,06), comprometimento de memória (ß = 0,12; IC95%: -0,06;-0,01), e demência (ß = -0,13; IC95%: -0,06;-0,01). A realização rotineira do hemograma dos idosos proporciona identificar e tratar precocemente a anemia. Ações voltadas para os idosos que apresentam declínio cognitivo devem ser desenvolvidas nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde da Família, a fim de melhorar a qualidade de vida desta população.

Acessibilidade às Unidades Básicas de Saúde da Família na perspectiva de idosos / Accessibility to Basic Family Health Units from the perspective of the elderly

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a acessibilidade às Unidades Básicas de Saúde da Família na perspectiva dos idosos em um município do Nordeste brasileiro. Foram coletadas informações socioeconômicas e demográficas dos idosos e sua avaliação acerca da acessibilidade (organizacional, sociocultural e econômica) aos serviços oferecidos pela Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Utilizou-se instrumento validado para avaliar a ESF pelos usuários em municípios paraibanos, o qual foi adaptado à população de idosos. Foi analisada a associação das variáveis socioeconômicas e demográficas com a avaliação da acessibilidade. Para a acessibilidade organizacional, idosos das classes econômicas inferiores apresentaram maior chance de emitir avaliação positiva aos horários de atendimento, e menor chance de avaliação positiva em relação à quantidade de atendimentos por dia e à facilidade em receber medicamentos. As mulheres apresentaram maior chance de avaliar positivamente a consulta com especialistas (acessibilidade econômica). A avaliação dos idosos mostra a existência de barreiras, principalmente na acessibilidade organizacional, que ainda persistem para a procura e a utilização dos serviços.

Abstract This article aims to evaluate accessibility to health services from the perspective of the elderly in a city of Northeast Brazil. Socioeconomic and demographic data were collected, and the organizational, socio-cultural and economic accessibility to services offered by the Family Health Strategy (FHS) was assessed. A validated instrument adapted for the elderly population was used to assess the FHS by users in cities in Paraíba. The association of socioeconomic and demographic variables with accessibility was assessed. For organizational accessibility, the elderly of lower economic classes were more likely to give a positive evaluation regarding the opening hours for care, and less likely to give a positive assessment in relation to the amount of people attended per day and the ease to obtain medication. Women were more likely to positively evaluate the consultation with experts (economic accessibility). The evaluation of the elderly shows the existence of barriers, especially in organizational accessibility, which still persist regarding the demand and use of health services.

Prevalência de anemia e correlação da concentração de hemoglobina com fatores cognitivos em idosos / Prevalence of anemia and correlation between the concentration of hemoglobin and cognitive factors among the elderly

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a prevalência de anemia e a correlação da concentração de hemoglobina com fatores cognitivos em população idosa residente em Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil. Tratou-se de um estudo transversal com indivíduos de 60 anos de idade ou mais. Foram considerados anêmicos os indivíduos do sexo masculino que apresentaram concentração de hemoglobina < 13 g/dL e do feminino que apresentaram concentrações < 12 g/dL. Foram analisadas variáveis sociodemográficas, condição cognitiva e estado nutricional. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio da regressão linear simples e múltipla. Foram avaliados 360 idosos (67,2% mulheres), cuja prevalência de anemia foi de 12,5%. A concentração média de hemoglobina verificada foi de 13,5 g/dL e esteve correlacionada às variáveis sexo (β = -0,44; IC95%: -1,35;-0,85), idade (β = -0,14; IC95%: -0,03;-0,01), estado nutricional (β = 0,16; IC95%: 0,01;0,06), comprometimento de memória (β = 0,12; IC95%: -0,06;-0,01), e demência (β = -0,13; IC95%: -0,06;-0,01). A realização rotineira do hemograma dos idosos proporciona identificar e tratar precocemente a anemia. Ações voltadas para os idosos que apresentam declínio cognitivo devem ser desenvolvidas nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde da Família, a fim de melhorar a qualidade de vida desta população.

Abstract The scope of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia and the correlation between the concentration of hemoglobin and cognitive factors in an elderly population group resident in Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil. It was a cross-sectional study with individuals aged 60 or older. Men with hemoglobin levels <13 g / dL and women with levels <12 g / dL were considered anemic. Sociodemographic, cognitive condition and nutritional status variables were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed by means of simple and multiple linear regression. Among the 360 elderly patients evaluated (67.2% women), the prevalence of anemia was 12.5%. The average concentration of hemoglobin found was 13.5 g / dL and was correlated to sex variables (β = -0.44, 95% CI: -1.35, -0.85), age (β = -0.14 ; 95% CI: -0.03, -0.01), nutritional status (β = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.06), memory impairment (β = 0.12; 95% CI: - 0.06, -0.01), and dementia (β = -0.13, 95% CI: -0.06, -0.01). Routine blood testing among the elderly makes it possible to detect and treat anemia at an early stage. Actions geared towards the elderly who show a cognitive decline should be developed in the Basic Family Health Units in order to improve the quality of life of this population.

Avaliação da estratégia saúde da família na perspectiva dos idosos em Campina Grande, Paraíba / Evaluation of the family sealth strategy from the elderly perspective in Campina Grande, Paraíba

Objetivos: avaliar a Estratégia Saúde da Família na perspectiva dos idosos, no município de Campina Grande, Paraíba. Métodos: estudo transversal, de base domiciliar. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário validado, adaptado para aplicação com idosos, com perguntas relativas à oferta, acessibilidade, utilização e satisfação dos idosos quanto aos serviços oferecidos. Foi verificada a associação entre a satisfação e as características demográficas e socioeconômicas dos idosos. Resultados: houve elevada proporção de avaliação negativa a aspectos da oferta (adequação às necessidades e disponibilidade de medicamentos), acessibilidade organizacional (demora nos resultados de exames, quantidade de atendimentos por dia e horários de atendimentos), sociocultural (conhecimentos sobre o funcionamento e enfoque da Estratégia Saúde da Família) e econômica (suficiência de renda para realizar consultas com especialistas e tratamentos indicados). As mulheres, idosos do grupo etário de 70-79 anos e classe socioeconômica C estiveram mais satisfeitos. Não houve associação estatística. Conclusão: a avaliação dos idosos mostra importantes problemas relacionados ao desconhecimento sobre o funcionamento e enfoque da Estratégia Saúde da Família, bem como limitações na acessibilidade organizacional.

Objectives: to evaluate the Family Health Strategy from the perspective of the elderly in Campina Grande, Paraíba. Methods: this is a cross-sectional home-based study. Data were collected through a questionnaire that was validated and adapted for use with the elderly, with questions regarding the supply, accessibility, use, and satisfaction of the elderly regarding the health services offered. The association between satisfaction and the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the elderly was verified. Results: there was a high proportion of negative evaluation of aspects such as supply (adaptation to the needs and availability of medicines), organizational accessibility (delay in examination results, number of medical appointments per day, and service schedules), socio-cultural (knowledge about the functioning and focus of the Family Health Strategy), and economic (sufficient income for consultations with specialists and indicated treatments). Elderly women, in the 70-79 year age group and socioeconomic class C, were more satisfied. There was no statistical association. Conclusion: the evaluation of the elderly shows important problems related to lack of knowledge on the functioning and focus of the Family Health Strategy, as well as limitations in organizational accessibility.