ABSTRACT
Seven new metal coordination complexes, [NiC15H43N5O11] (I), [Co3C36H98N6O6] (II), [CuC14H32N2O6] (III), [Cu2C32H43Cl2N2O13] (IV), [Zn2C24H32Cl3N3O3] (V), [Co3C48H66Cl6N6O6] (VI), and [Zn (C18H45N3O3] (VII), have been synthesized from some direct reactions of amino-alcoholic ligands with metal salts in anhydrous methanol or ethanol medium. All the crystals of these seven complexes are crystallized in the chiral space groups (P212121 for (I), (IV), (VI) and (VII); P21 for (III) and (V); and C2 for (II), respectively). Their characteristic peaks were analyzed and assigned by FTIR, NMR, and UV-Vis and elemental analysis techniques. The anticancer activities of amino alcohol complexes (I)-(VII) showed cytotoxic effects against the human tumour cell line A549; among them, complex (V) showed the best activity with an IC50 value of 17.8. The higher biological activity should be related to its di-nuclear zinc(ii) unit in which one zinc is only four-coordinated by four small chloride anions.
ABSTRACT
A series of ZrO(2) doped MgO-CaO-SiO(2)-P(2)O(5)-CaF(2) bioactive glass-ceramics were obtained by sintering method. The crystallization behavior, phase composition, morphology and structure of glass-ceramics were characterized. The bending strength, elastic modulus, fracture toughness, micro-hardness and thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) of glass-ceramics were investigated. The in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests were used to evaluate the bioactivity and biocompatibility of glass-ceramics. The sedimentation mechanism and growth process of apatites on sample surface were discussed. The results showed that the mainly crystalline phases of glass-ceramics were Ca(5)(PO4)3F (fluorapatite) and ß-CaSiO(3). (ß-wollastonite). m-ZrO(2) (monoclinic zirconia) declined the crystallization temperatures of glasses. t-ZrO(2) (tetragonal zirconia) increased the crystallization temperature of Ca(5)(PO4)(3)F and declined the crystallization temperature of ß-CaSiO(3). t-ZrO(2) greatly increased the fracture toughness, bending strength and micro-hardness of glass-ceramics. The nanometer apatites were induced on the surface of glass-ceramic after soaking 28 days in SBF (simulated body fluid), indicating the glass-ceramic has good bioactivity. The in vitro cytotoxicity test demonstrated the glass-ceramic has no toxicity to cell.
Subject(s)
Ceramics/chemistry , Ceramics/pharmacology , Mechanical Phenomena , Zirconium/pharmacology , Animals , Body Fluids/chemistry , Calcium Compounds/chemistry , Calcium Compounds/pharmacology , Calcium Fluoride/chemistry , Calcium Fluoride/pharmacology , Cell Death/drug effects , Crystallization , Differential Thermal Analysis , Fibroblasts/cytology , Fibroblasts/drug effects , Magnesium Oxide/chemistry , Magnesium Oxide/pharmacology , Mice , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Oxides/chemistry , Oxides/pharmacology , Phosphorus Compounds/chemistry , Phosphorus Compounds/pharmacology , Silicon Dioxide/chemistry , Silicon Dioxide/pharmacology , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Temperature , X-Ray DiffractionABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of submaxillary transcutaneous electric stimulation of genioglossus on obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). METHOD: Nineteen patients (male) with OSAS were diagnosed by polysomnography previously. Fixed the provocative locus of genioglossus and its controlling nerve with local anatomy. Estimated obstructive level of pharyngeal cavity by observing muller's maneuver under fiberolaryngoscope. Determined the effects of electric stimulation on different levels of narrow pharyngeal cavity with control study method. RESULT: The effect of electrical stimulation was different in different narrow level. The best effect was found on the obstruction of retrotongue-base-pharynx level, data of breath disorder (P < 0.05), oxygen saturation (P < 0.05) and clinical symptoms were significantly improved. The data were partly improved on multilevel obstructions of retrotongue-base-pharynx or above, no improvement was found on the obstruction of retrotongue-base-pharynx level. Dormant index was not worse. CONCLUSION: Submaxillary electrical stimulation is effective to the treatment of OSAS and its curative effect perhaps has a close relationship with obstructive level of with upper-airway. Further research on the mechanism showed that stimulating upper-airway dilating muscle which formed mainly by genioglossus could push the tongue ahead and effectively open pharyngeal cavity. Maybe it is a reason that the best effect took place on the retrotongue-base-pharynx level. Sleep was not affected by electrical stimulation.
Subject(s)
Pharyngeal Muscles/physiology , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy , Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation , Adult , Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Polysomnography , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/physiopathology , Tongue/physiologyABSTRACT
One hundred women with advanced breast cancer were treated with endocrine therapy alone and the clinical response was correlated with the estrogen receptor status of the tumor as determined by a fluorescent histochemical assay designed to estimate the percentage of cancer cells with high cytoplasmic estrogen binding activity. Using clinical response rates as the standards for measurement, this histochemical method showed an 84% sensitivity, a 74% specificity, a 76% positive predictive value and an 82% negative predictive value. These results indicate that the histochemical assay may serve as a supplementary means to identify hormone-responsive mammary carcinomas and as a research tool to study the biology of this group of tumors.
