Coordination Polymer Derived Porous Carbon Activated in Situ by the ZnCl2 Dot: Capacitances Greatly Enhanced by Redox-Activity Additives in Electrolytes.

Herein, a 1D zinc coordination polymer [Zn(bibp)Cl2]∞ (CP-2-ZX) was assembled from the reaction of 4,4'-bis(imidazol-1-yl)-biphenyl (bibp) with ZnCl2. Through a calcination-thermolysis strategy, sponge-like highly porous carbon AC-Zn-CP was prepared by employing the coralloid sample of CP-2-ZX as the precursor. For comparisons, a series of activated carbon (AC-n) was obtained by the similar heating process on the mixture of bibp with ZnCl2 at different mass ratios. The results illustrate that the atomically dispersed ZnCl2 dot in the 1D chain of CP-2-ZX has an in situ activation effect on the generation of AC-Zn-CP, which can greatly promote the porosity and achieve high-efficiency utilization of ZnCl2. Therefore, the atomically dispersed activating agent provides a new method for environmentally friendly production of porous carbon materials. Significantly, the AC-Zn-CP electrode displays specific capacitance of 215 F g-1 in 3 M KOH solution, which will be largely promoted to 1419 F g-1 in the redox active electrolyte of K3[Fe(CN)6]/KOH. AC-Zn-CP also shows remarkable cycling stability (the capacity retention is 89.0% after 5000 cycles). Moreover, the fabricated symmetric supercapacitor owns a high energy density of 34.8 Wh kg-1 at 785.5 W kg-1. So, the AC-Zn-CP∩K3[Fe(CN)6] system has wide application prospects in supercapacitors.

Effect of coronary collateral circulation on the prognosis of elderly patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction treated with underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Investigate the effect of coronary collateral circulation (CCC) on the prognosis of elderly patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and acute total occlusion (ATO) of a single epicardial coronary artery.Three hundred forty-six advanced-age patients (age ≥60 years) with STEMI and ATO who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were enrolled in this study. According to the Rentrop grades, the patients were assigned to the poor CCC group (Rentrop grade 0-1) and good CCC group (Rentrop grade 2-3).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that poor coronary collateral circulation was an independent factor for Killip class ≥2 (odds ratio [OR]: -1.559; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.346-2.378; P = .013), the use of an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) (OR: -1.302; 95% CI: 0.092-0.805; P = .019), and myocardial blush grade (MBG) 3 (OR: 1.516; 95% CI: 2.148-9.655; P < .001). We completed a 12-month follow-up, during which 52 patients (15.0%) were lost to follow-up and 19 patients (5.5%) died. Univariate analysis (Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests) suggested that poor CCC had a significant effect on all-cause mortality (P = .046), while multivariate analysis (Cox regression analysis) indicated that CCC had no statistically significant effect on all-cause mortality (P = .089) after the exclusion of other confounding factors. After excluding the influence of other confounding factors, this study showed that the mortality rate increased by 26.9% within 1 year for every 1-hour increment of time of onset. The mortality rate in patients with Killip class ≥2 was 8.287 times higher than that in patients with Killip class 0 to 1. The mortality rate in patients over 75 years was 8.25 times higher than that in patients aged 60 to 75 years. The mortality rate in patients with myocardial blush grade 3 (MBG 3) was 5.7% higher than that in patients with MBG 0-2.The conditions of CCC in the acute phase had no significant direct effect on all-cause mortality in patients, but those with good CCC had a higher rate of MBG 3 after primary PCI and a lower rate of Killip ≥2.

Triglyceride to HDL-cholesterol ratio as an independent risk factor for the poor development of coronary collateral circulation in elderly patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and acute total occlusion.

To determine the prognostic role of triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) ratio for poorly developed coronary collateral circulation (CCC) in elderly patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and acute total occlusion (ATO).As a retrospective case-control study, elderly patients (age ≥60 years) with both STEMI and ATO (n = 346) were classified as having either poorly- or well-developed CCC (Rentrop grades 0-1 and 2-3, respectively). The ratio of TG/HDL was calculated according to the detected levels of TG and HDL. The difference of TG/HDL ratio in those 2 groups was compared by Student t test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis indicating occurrence of poorly developed CCC was performed. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis of TG/HDL ratio which determine the optimal cut-off value of TG/HDL ratio was applied.The TG/HDL ratio was significantly higher in patients with poorly developed CCC than in those with well-developed CCC (2.88 ±â€Š2.52 vs 1.81 ±â€Š1.18, P < .001). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, higher TG/HDL ratio (OR 1.789, 95% CI 1 . 346-2.378, P < .001) and the presence of left circumflex branch of coronary artery (LCX) occlusion (OR6.235, 95% CI 2.220-17.510, P = .001) were emerged as independent positive predictors of poor development of CCC, whereas presence of right coronary artery (RCA) occlusion (OR 0.474, 95% CI 0.265-0.850, P = .002) and onset time (OR 0.693, 95% CI 0.620-0.775, P < .001) were found as negative indicators. The optimal cut-off value of TG/HDL ratio was found as 1.58 in ROC analysis, which yielded an area under the curve value of 0.716 (95% CI 0.654-0.778, P < .001) and demonstrated a sensitivity of 80.9% and a specificity of 59.3% for prediction of poorly developed CCC.TG/HDL ratio is an independent risk factor for predicting poor development of CCC in elderly patients with STEMI and ATO.

Six Isomorphous Window-Beam MOFs: Explore the Effects of Metal Ions on MOF-Derived Carbon for Supercapacitors.

Six isomorphous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with a 3D window-beam architecture have been synthesized from solvothermal reactions, and are named Zn, Cd, Ni, Co, Mn and Cu-MOF, respectively. The series of MOFs was utilized as precursors to synthesize MOF-derived carbon with different morphologies. Zn and Cd-MOFs lead to the derivation of porous carbons (PCs), which exhibit remarkable BET specific surface areas. For derivates of Ni, Co and Mn-MOFs, graphitized carbons (GCs) show some carbon graphitization, but their BET specific surface areas are relatively small. C-Cu has the smallest BET specific surface area, and there is no carbon graphitization. Therefore, the metal ion of the parent MOF exerts a crucial effect on the preparation of MOF-derived carbon, such as the pore-forming effect of Zn and Cd species, and catalytic graphitization of Ni, Co, and Mn species. The capacitances of MOF-derived carbon follow the sequence of PCs>GCs>C-Cu, which reveals that the specific surface area plays a dominant role in the capacitive performance of electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs), and that the graphitization could improve the capacitance. Significantly, PC-Zn exhibits the best specific capacitance (138 F g-1 at 0.5 Ag-1 ), and excellent life cycle, which can be applied as an electrode material in supercapacitors.