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Rev. cuba. hig. epidemiol ; 52(2): 196-209, Mayo.-ago. 2014.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-61388

ABSTRACT

El agua contaminada puede transmitir infinidad de patógenos con comportamientos y resistencias diversas. Dentro de los patógenos a determinar los parásitos son de especial relevancia pues se destacan por su alta resistencia a los diversos factores ambientales además se encuentran relacionados con altos índices de morbilidad y mortalidad en los países en desarrollo, especialmente en la población infantil. El objetivo de este trabajo es destacar la importancia de la vigilancia sanitaria de los parásitos en la calidad del agua según su uso y en su relación con el ambiente. Los huevos de helmintos son el principal riesgo a la salud debido al uso seguro del agua residual o lodos en la agricultura. Los quistes de los protozoarios como Giardia y Cryptosporidium, son difíciles de eliminar del agua de consumo sin tratar, debido a su pequeño tamaño y resistencia a oxidantes usados comúnmente como el cloro. Aunque no se recomienda su monitoreo de rutina en el agua, sí es necesario realizar investigaciones para detectar su presencia y establecer normativas propias adecuadas a nuestras condiciones(AU)


Polluted water can transmit lots of pathogens with various behaviors and resistances. Among the pathogens, the parasites are particularly important since they stand out for their high resistance to various environmental factors in addition to being associated to high morbidity and mortality rates in the developing countries, particularly children. The objective of this paper was to highlight the importance of health surveillance of parasites in water quality according to use and its relationship with the environment. The helminth eggs are the main health risk due to the safe use of wastewater or sludge in agriculture. Protozoan cysts like Cryptosporidium and Giardia, are difficult to remove from untreated drinking water due to its small size and resistance to commonly used oxidants such as chlorine. Although the routine monitoring of these cysts in water is not recommended, it is necessary to conduct research to detect its presence and to establish suitable guidelines according to our conditions(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Water Quality/standards , Water Purification , Water Consumption (Environmental Health) , Health Surveillance/standards , Parasitology/methods , Parasitology/prevention & control , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/prevention & control , Water Microbiology , Environmental Health Surveillance
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