Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 30
Filter
1.
Int J Impot Res ; 16(4): 334-40, 2004 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14961048

ABSTRACT

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is commonly associated with depressed mood and diminished quality of life (QoL), but few studies have investigated the causal associations involved. Therefore, we evaluated the correlation between several measures of mood, QoL, and sexual function in a retrospective analysis of a sample of depressed men (n=152), with ED enrolled in a clinical trial of sildenafil citrate (VIAGRA). Strong correlations were observed at baseline among measures of erectile function (EF), mood, and overall QoL. Significant treatment effects were observed on all three domains, with significant interactions between changes in mood and QoL. Based on multiple regression and path analysis, a model was developed in which EF changes were associated with improved mood and quality of sexual life, which resulted in improved partner satisfaction, family life, and overall life satisfaction. These data suggest that QoL changes associated with ED therapy may be mediated by changes in sexual function, mood, and family relationships.


Subject(s)
Affect/physiology , Depressive Disorder/complications , Depressive Disorder/psychology , Erectile Dysfunction/complications , Erectile Dysfunction/psychology , Quality of Life/psychology , Sexual Behavior/physiology , Adolescent , Adult , Double-Blind Method , Erectile Dysfunction/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Models, Psychological , Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Piperazines/therapeutic use , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Purines , Regression Analysis , Sildenafil Citrate , Sulfones , Treatment Outcome
2.
Am J Psychiatry ; 158(10): 1623-30, 2001 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11578994

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Depressed men commonly have erectile dysfunction, and men with erectile dysfunction are frequently depressed. Since the etiologic and modulatory relationships between depression and erectile dysfunction have been poorly characterized, a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted at 20 urologic clinics to evaluate the effects of sildenafil treatment in men with erectile dysfunction and mild-to-moderate comorbid depressive illness. METHOD: Men (N=152, mean age=56 years) with erectile dysfunction for > or =6 months (mean=5.7 years), a DSM-IV diagnosis of depressive disorder not otherwise specified, and a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score > or =12 (mean at baseline=16.9) were randomly assigned to flexible-dose treatment with sildenafil citrate or matching placebo. Interviewer-rated and self-report instruments were used to assess changes in sexual function, depressive symptoms, and quality of life. Conservative criteria were used to classify erectile dysfunction treatment response and nonresponse. RESULTS: Sildenafil was strongly associated with erectile dysfunction treatment response. Fifty-eight men met the conservative criteria for response (48 given sildenafil, 10 given placebo), and 78 men did not respond (18 given sildenafil, 60 given placebo). Mean decreases of 10.6 and 2.3 in Hamilton depression scale scores were seen in treatment responders and nonresponders, respectively; 76% of treatment responders showed a > or =50% decline in Hamilton depression scale score versus 14% of nonresponders. Quality of life was similarly improved in treatment responders. CONCLUSIONS: Sildenafil is efficacious for erectile dysfunction in men with mild-to-moderate depressive illness. Improvement of erectile dysfunction is associated with marked improvement in depressive symptoms and quality of life.


Subject(s)
Depressive Disorder/drug therapy , Erectile Dysfunction/drug therapy , Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Piperazines/therapeutic use , 3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases/antagonists & inhibitors , Adult , Aged , Comorbidity , Depressive Disorder/epidemiology , Double-Blind Method , Erectile Dysfunction/diagnosis , Erectile Dysfunction/epidemiology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Personality Inventory/statistics & numerical data , Placebos , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/statistics & numerical data , Purines , Quality of Life , Sildenafil Citrate , Sulfones , Treatment Outcome
3.
J Clin Psychiatry ; 61(5): 378-81, 2000 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10847314

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Despite a relative lack of controlled data, stimulants are often used to augment antidepressant treatment in patients who have had only a partial response to first-line therapy. Modafinil is a novel psychostimulant that has shown efficacy in, and was recently marketed for, treating excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy. The mechanism of action of modafinil is unknown, but, unlike other stimulants, the drug is highly selective for the central nervous system, has little effect on dopaminergic activity in the striatum, and appears to have a lower abuse potential. METHOD: In this retrospective case series, we describe 7 patients with DSM-IV depression (4 with major depression and 3 with bipolar depression) for whom we used modafinil to augment a partial or nonresponse to an antidepressant. The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression was administered as part of routine clinical practice prior to treatment and at each subsequent visit. RESULTS: At doses of 100 to 200 mg/day, all 7 patients achieved full or partial remission, generally within 1 to 2 weeks. All patients had some residual tiredness or fatigue prior to starting modafinil, and this symptom was particularly responsive to augmentation. Side effects were minimal and did not lead to discontinuation of the drug in any of the patients. CONCLUSION: Modafinil appears to be a drug with promise as an augmenter of antidepressants, especially in patients with residual tiredness or fatigue. It is a particularly attractive alternative to other stimulants because of its low abuse potential and Schedule IV status.


Subject(s)
Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use , Benzhydryl Compounds/therapeutic use , Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use , Depressive Disorder/drug therapy , Adult , Aged , Bipolar Disorder/diagnosis , Bipolar Disorder/drug therapy , Bipolar Disorder/psychology , Depressive Disorder/diagnosis , Depressive Disorder/psychology , Drug Administration Schedule , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Modafinil , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
4.
J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol ; 12(2): 49-52, 1999.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10483924

ABSTRACT

Recently, a functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene has been linked to anxiety. In cell culture, the short allele of this polymorphism synthesizes less serotonin transporter, resulting in a reduction of the removal of serotonin from the synaptic cleft. This pilot study examines depression and anxiety in Parkinson's disease patients as a function of the variation in this polymorphism. Thirty-two patients were genotyped and then blindly administered the Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Scales. Clinical data on the neurologic features of the disease were also gathered. Patients with the short allele of the serotonin transporter promotor scored significantly higher on both the depression and anxiety measures. There were no differences between groups for any neurologic variable. Patients with the short allele were more likely to have scores for anxiety and depression that indicated "caseness." This study suggests that the short allele of the serotonin transporter gene may represent a significant risk factor for the development of anxiety and depression in Parkinson's disease patients.


Subject(s)
Anxiety/etiology , Carrier Proteins/genetics , Depression/etiology , Parkinson Disease/genetics , Parkinson Disease/psychology , Serotonin/pharmacology , Aged , Alleles , Anxiety/genetics , Carrier Proteins/physiology , Depression/genetics , Female , Genes, Regulator/physiology , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genetic Variation , Humans , Male , Parkinson Disease/complications , Risk Factors , Serotonin/physiology
5.
Clin Genet ; 54(1): 33-8, 1998 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9727737

ABSTRACT

The dopamine D4 receptor (D4DR) has a highly polymorphic region in the third exon which has been associated with novelty seeking (NS) behavior. Due to the central position of dopamine and the documented low NS in Parkinson's disease (PD), the frequency of the exon 3 variants of D4DR in 95 PD patients and 47 controls was investigated. A significantly higher frequency of exon 3 alleles with six or more repeat units was found in the PD group (p = 0.039). This provides evidence that some forms of the highly polymorphic D4DR may represent a genetic susceptibility factor for PD.


Subject(s)
Parkinson Disease/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Receptors, Dopamine D2/genetics , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Case-Control Studies , Exons , Female , Gene Frequency , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Minisatellite Repeats , Receptors, Dopamine D4
6.
Psychiatr Genet ; 8(2): 41-4, 1998.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9686420

ABSTRACT

A polymorphic 44-nucleotide insertion/deletion in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) has been shown to affect the level of expression of the serotonin transporter protein. An association between anxiety-related behavioural traits and the short form of the 5-HTTLPR has been reported. We determined the 5-HTTLPR genotype in genomic DNA samples from 84 subjects (47 Parkinson's disease patients and 37 controls) with a mean age of 67.4 years. The TPQ of Cloninger was used to obtain values for harm avoidance (HA), reward dependence and novelty seeking for all subjects. Analysis of variance showed a significant influence of the s-allele of the 5-HTTLPR on HA in both subject groups, with no significant interaction between diagnosis and genotype. Subjects with the l/l-genotype had significantly lower mean HA scores than the l/s subjects (P < 0.04) and s/s subjects (P < 0.003). A linear change in HA with genotype was observed, indicating a gene dose effect of the 5-HTTLPR s-allele on this personality dimension. Based on these findings it is suggested that there may be increased influence of the 5-HTTLPR short allele on anxiety-related traits during aging.


Subject(s)
Behavior , Carrier Proteins/genetics , Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics , Membrane Transport Proteins , Nerve Tissue Proteins , Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics , Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics , Serotonin/genetics , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anxiety/genetics , Anxiety/physiopathology , Depression/genetics , Depression/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
7.
Neurol Clin ; 16(3): 611-33, 1998 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9666040

ABSTRACT

This article provides a brief overview of the psychiatric syndromes most common in the elderly patient, as well as those most frequently accompanying neurologic disease. Diagnosis, work up, and treatment of depressive, psychotic, and anxiety disorders are also reviewed. This article is directed toward the practicing neurologist, with an emphasis on detection and treatment. Special attention is paid to psychiatric syndromes that accompany Parkinson's disease, stroke, and dementia. A brief review of the most common psychopharmacological agents is included as well.


Subject(s)
Geriatric Psychiatry , Neurology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aging/physiology , Brain Diseases/complications , Humans , Mental Disorders/complications , Mental Disorders/drug therapy , Mental Disorders/psychology , Prognosis , Psychotropic Drugs/therapeutic use
8.
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci ; 8(3): 276-80, 1996.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8854298

ABSTRACT

The records of 49 patients with Parkinson's disease and psychosis who were treated with clozapine for up to 18 months were reviewed. Average starting dose of clozapine was 16 mg. Average maximum dose was 39 mg. The psychotic symptoms improved in 76% of the patients at 3 months, and response to clozapine within the first year ranged from 71% to 80%. This response allowed a maximization of levodopa dose. Improvements in scores on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and tremor subscale were seen in some patients but were not statistically significant. This study, the largest of its kind to date, suggests that clozapine is well tolerated and effective in treating psychosis in patients with Parkinson's disease.


Subject(s)
Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Clozapine/therapeutic use , Parkinson Disease/complications , Psychotic Disorders/drug therapy , Psychotic Disorders/etiology , Aged , Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Clozapine/adverse effects , Female , Humans , Male , Parkinson Disease/psychology , Psychotic Disorders/psychology , Retrospective Studies
9.
Psychosomatics ; 36(6): 550-4, 1995.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7501785

ABSTRACT

Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is an unusual neurodegenerative disorder that superficially resembles Parkinson's disease (PD). It is characterized by gaze palsy, bulbar signs, parkinsonian signs, and mental changes. While mental changes are a frequent finding, they have, with the exception of dementia, been poorly defined. In this study, 19 patients with PSP were evaluated psychiatrically and compared with 42 patients with PD. Fifty-two percent of the patients had some degree of dementia, as measured by the Mini-Mental State Exam. Eight (42%) of the PSP patients had other psychiatric diagnoses, mostly relatively mild depression or anxiety, though two patients had more severe depression. Six (32%) patients had pathologic laughing or crying, and four of these had a psychiatric diagnosis other than dementia. The PSP patients did not differ from the PD patients on measures of depression or anxiety and did not have a greater rate of formal psychiatric diagnoses. This study confirms previous reports of dementia as a common feature of PSP. It further suggests that psychiatric disturbances, while common, are generally relatively mild, though more serious psychiatric illness may be seen.


Subject(s)
Neurocognitive Disorders/psychology , Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive/psychology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis , Anxiety Disorders/psychology , Dementia/diagnosis , Dementia/psychology , Depressive Disorder/diagnosis , Depressive Disorder/psychology , Female , Humans , Male , Mental Status Schedule , Middle Aged , Neurocognitive Disorders/diagnosis , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive/diagnosis
10.
Psychosomatics ; 36(3): 262-6, 1995.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7638313

ABSTRACT

Sleep disorders are frequent and well documented in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The effect of depression and anxiety on sleep in PD patients has not been carefully studied however, despite the fact that both depression and anxiety are common in PD and well known to affect sleep in patients without PD. In this questionnaire study, sleep, anxiety, and depression were evaluated in 99 patients with PD and 47 control subjects. PD patients had significantly higher scores on a variety of sleep variables as well as on measures of anxiety and depression. While anxiety and depression were correlated with some sleep measures, neither contributed significantly to overall variance in sleep quality. The effect on sleep variables was dominated by on-off symptom phenomena, levodopa dose, and age.


Subject(s)
Anxiety Disorders/psychology , Depressive Disorder/psychology , Parkinson Disease/psychology , Sleep Wake Disorders/psychology , Aged , Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis , Arousal/drug effects , Depressive Disorder/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Levodopa/administration & dosage , Levodopa/adverse effects , Male , Middle Aged , Pain Measurement , Parkinson Disease/diagnosis , Parkinson Disease/drug therapy , Sick Role , Sleep Wake Disorders/chemically induced , Sleep Wake Disorders/diagnosis
11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7626960

ABSTRACT

Clinicians have long associated Parkinson's disease (PD) with personality traits such as seriousness and industriousness. In previous studies, patients with PD scored lower than matched orthopedic control subjects on novelty seeking, which is thought to be dopamine dependent. In this pilot study, 6-[18F]fluorodopa ([18F]dopa) uptake in the caudate and putamen was measured by PET in 9 patients with PD. Patients were also rated on three personality traits thought to be related to central monoamine function. Uptake of [18F]dopa in the left caudate, but not in other areas measured, was significantly correlated with novelty seeking. Results suggest that the personality traits long observed in PD patients may be partially mediated by striatal deficits in dopamine.


Subject(s)
Arousal/physiology , Brain/diagnostic imaging , Dopamine/physiology , Parkinson Disease/diagnostic imaging , Personality/physiology , Tomography, Emission-Computed/methods , Aged , Arousal/genetics , Brain/physiopathology , Brain Mapping/methods , Caudate Nucleus/diagnostic imaging , Caudate Nucleus/physiopathology , Corpus Striatum/diagnostic imaging , Corpus Striatum/physiopathology , Dihydroxyphenylalanine/analogs & derivatives , Dominance, Cerebral/physiology , Female , Fluorine Radioisotopes , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Parkinson Disease/genetics , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Parkinson Disease/psychology , Personality/genetics
12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8044039

ABSTRACT

In a study of 104 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and 61 control subjects with equal disability scores, PD patients had higher depression scores (P < 0.001) than control subjects. Functional disability was correlated with depression in PD and, in a regression analysis, explained 9% of the variance in depression (P < 0.001). Depression was not correlated with novelty seeking, a personality trait related to dopaminergic pleasure and reward systems. Harm avoidance, a trait related to central serotonergic systems, was, however, correlated with depression (P < 0.001) and explained 31% of the variance in depression scores. Results support the hypotheses that both physiologic and psychologic factors contribute to depression seen in these patients and that serotonergic function plays a more critical role than dopaminergic function.


Subject(s)
Disability Evaluation , Neurocognitive Disorders/psychology , Parkinson Disease/psychology , Personality , Sick Role , Activities of Daily Living/psychology , Adaptation, Psychological/physiology , Aged , Anxiety Disorders/physiopathology , Anxiety Disorders/psychology , Arousal/physiology , Dopamine/physiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neurocognitive Disorders/physiopathology , Osteoarthritis/physiopathology , Osteoarthritis/psychology , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Personality Inventory , Serotonin/physiology
13.
Biol Psychiatry ; 34(7): 465-70, 1993 Oct 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8268331

ABSTRACT

Parkinson's disease (PD) is frequently accompanied by symptoms of depression and anxiety. However, the relationship between anxiety and depression has not been rigorously defined in these patients. In this study, 42 patients with PD and 21 matched medical controls were evaluated using DSM-III-R criteria and a variety of psychiatric rating scales. Twelve (29%) PD patients but only one medical control had a formal anxiety disorder diagnosis. Of the 12 patients with PD who had an anxiety disorder diagnosis, 11 (92%) had a comorbid depressive disorder diagnosis. Of the 18 patients with a depressive disorder, 12 (67%) also had an anxiety disorder diagnosis. Furthermore, a stepwise regression analysis found that the depression measure explained 44% of the variance in anxiety measures whereas neither the severity of illness variables nor the levodopa dose contributed significantly to the variance. This study suggests that the excess anxiety found in PD patients is unlikely to be primarily a psychologic reaction to the illness or a side effect of levodopa treatment. Rather, we suggest that anxiety and depression are related manifestations of the underlying neurochemical changes of PD itself.


Subject(s)
Anxiety Disorders/complications , Depressive Disorder/complications , Parkinson Disease/complications , Aged , Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis , Comorbidity , Depressive Disorder/diagnosis , Dopamine/deficiency , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Parkinson Disease/diagnosis , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
14.
Neurology ; 43(3 Pt 1): 505-8, 1993 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8450991

ABSTRACT

Studies suggest that Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with a particular group of personality characteristics. With relative uniformity, PD patients are described as industrious, rigidly moral, stoic, serious, and nonimpulsive. In this controlled study, we used a recently developed personality questionnaire, Cloningers's Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, to test the hypothesis that these personality traits are behavioural manifestations of damaged dopaminergic pleasure and reward systems. We found significantly less (p < 0.01) of a group of traits called "novelty seeking" in PD patients compared with matched medical controls. Patients with low novelty seeking are described as being reflective, rigid, stoic, slow-tempered, frugal, orderly, and persistent, characteristics similar to those in the clinical description of PD patients. We review evidence supporting the claim that novelty seeking is dopamine-dependent, and suggest that damage to the mesolimbic dopaminergic system causes the described personality profile of PD patients.


Subject(s)
Dopamine/metabolism , Parkinson Disease/psychology , Personality , Avoidance Learning , Exploratory Behavior , Humans , Limbic System/metabolism , Middle Aged , Parkinson Disease/metabolism , Personality Tests , Reward
15.
N J Med ; 90(2): 119-22, 1993 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8464575

ABSTRACT

Somatoform disorders are a group of syndromes in which patients focus on and complain of physical symptoms when there is no demonstrable underlying organic pathology or when complaints are in excess of what is expected. Medical and psychiatric physicians must seek better treatment and diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Hypochondriasis/diagnosis , Somatoform Disorders/diagnosis , Somatoform Disorders/therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Hypochondriasis/therapy , Male , Referral and Consultation
16.
Biol Psychiatry ; 30(2): 109-15, 1991 Jul 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1680470

ABSTRACT

Previous studies have suggested that tardive dyskinesia may occur more frequently in patients who smoke. Further evidence of an interaction between smoking and movement disorders includes the low lifetime exposure to cigarettes found in Parkinson's disease patients. In this study 126 patients with chronic psychiatric illnesses were blindly evaluated for tardive dyskinesia, neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism, and akathisia. Patients who smoked received significantly higher doses of neuroleptics but did not have significantly more frequent or more severe tardive dyskinesia or parkinsonism. Female smokers did have significantly more akathisia. These results are discussed with regard to interactions between smoking, central dopaminergic tone, and the psychopathology of extrapyramidal syndromes. The effect of smoking on neuroleptic blood levels as well as clinical symptomatology is also discussed.


Subject(s)
Affective Disorders, Psychotic/drug therapy , Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/diagnosis , Neurologic Examination , Schizophrenia/drug therapy , Schizophrenic Psychology , Smoking/adverse effects , Adult , Affective Disorders, Psychotic/psychology , Akathisia, Drug-Induced , Antipsychotic Agents/administration & dosage , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Humans , Male , Psychomotor Agitation/diagnosis
18.
Mov Disord ; 5(2): 148-51, 1990.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2325676

ABSTRACT

Ten patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease and motor fluctuations were rated for mood changes during discrete "off," "on," and "on with dyskinesia" periods. The Profile of Mood States and visual analogue scales were used. Significant changes in mood and anxiety were found to parallel changes in motor fluctuations. One patient rated his moods as consistently improving from the "off" state to the "on" state and finally to the "on with dyskinesia" state, a finding that is consistent with concomitant central dopaminergic changes. All other patients showed moods that improved significantly from the "off" state to the "on" state but then worsened significantly in the "on with dyskinesia" state, a finding that is consistent with the fact that patients feel worse when impaired by dyskinesias. It is suggested that these results argue for multiple etiologies of depression in Parkinson's disease. The literature on dopamine and depression in Parkinson's disease is briefly reviewed and the opportunity provided by "on-off" phenomena to study the effect of dopamine on mood changes is discussed.


Subject(s)
Affect , Anxiety , Parkinson Disease/psychology , Humans , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology
19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2136087

ABSTRACT

Clinicians have long observed an anecdotal association of Parkinson's disease with stoic, industrious, and inflexible personality traits, both premorbidly and after the onset of motor symptoms. In this study, using the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, we found significantly less novelty-seeking behavior (behavior thought to be dopamine-dependent) in Parkinson's disease patients than in matched controls, but no differences between groups in behaviors thought to be dependent on serotonin and norepinephrine. We discuss the literature and propose a mechanism that may explain the relationship between brain dopaminergic systems and personality in Parkinson's disease.


Subject(s)
Dopamine/physiology , Neurocognitive Disorders/physiopathology , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Personality Disorders/physiopathology , Arousal/physiology , Brain/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neurocognitive Disorders/diagnosis , Neurocognitive Disorders/psychology , Parkinson Disease/diagnosis , Parkinson Disease/psychology , Personality Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Personality Disorders/diagnosis , Personality Disorders/psychology , Personality Inventory/statistics & numerical data , Psychometrics
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...