ABSTRACT
Extracts and compounds obtained from several species of Celastraceae family are reported as potential sources of drugs due to their diverse pharmacological properties. Nevertheless, essential oil composition from these species is still little known. This work aimed at the analysis of essential oils obtained from different Brazilian Celastraceae species. A total of seventeen oils were obtained using hydrodistillation process and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Principal component analysis (PCA) allowed the identification of a chemical composition pattern among the analyzed essential oils. Some compounds were more frequent among Celastraceae species, such as cis- and trans-linalool oxide (14/17 oil samples), nerylacetone (13/17), linalool (11/17), ß-ionone (10/17), α-ionone (9/17), nerolidol (10/17), decanal (10/17), and dodecanoic acid (10/17). These results contribute to the chemophenetics of Celastraceae species.
Subject(s)
Celastraceae/chemistry , Oils, Volatile/analysis , Brazil , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Principal Component Analysis , Species SpecificitySubject(s)
Angiogenesis Inhibitors/chemistry , Magnoliopsida/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Triterpenes/chemistry , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/isolation & purification , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology , Animals , Bevacizumab/pharmacology , Chick Embryo , Chorioallantoic Membrane/blood supply , Chorioallantoic Membrane/drug effects , Molecular Structure , Neovascularization, Physiologic/drug effects , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Structure-Activity Relationship , Triterpenes/isolation & purification , Triterpenes/pharmacologyABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Studies on native medicinal plants strengthen initiatives to preserve the environments where those species naturally occur, many of them already strongly menaced even before their potential to humankind is known. Root and stem barks, leaves, and pericarps samples of Solanum agrarium Sendtn., S. lycocarpum A. St.-Hil., S. palinacanthum Dunal, S. paniculatum L., and S. stipulaceum Roem. & Schult., species that occur in the Cerrado (Brazililan savanna) were processed according to common light microscopy techniques for structural analysis, and histochemical tests were performed to locate and identify classes of chemical compounds. The distinctive features identified were low concentration of crystal sand in the root and stem, presence of terpene resin in the root, and absence of hypodermis in the leaf, in S. agrarium; bright spots (group of sclereids) in the root, isobilateral mesophyll, thickened cell walls with hemicelluloses and strong aroma in the fruit, in S. lycocarpum; high concentration of crystal sand in the root and stem, oval-shaped limb, presence of isolated crystals in the exocarp, in S. palinacanthum; strong sclerification and rays with great height in the root and stem, in S. paniculatum; and accumulation of soluble protein in the root and stem, presence of conspicuous membranaceous stipules, absence of spiniform trichomes, in S. stipulaceum. This work identifies distinctive structural features, its ecological importance, and determines the distribution of secondary compounds associated with the medicinal properties reported for these species and contributes to the conservation of the natural environments where they occur.
