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1.
BMJ Qual Saf ; 2024 Aug 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39147572

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: There is limited evidence from antimicrobial stewardship programmes in less-resourced settings. This study aimed to improve the quality of antibacterial prescriptions by mitigating overuse and promoting the use of narrow-spectrum agents in intensive care units (ICUs) in a middle-income country. METHODS: We established a quality improvement collaborative (QIC) model involving nine Argentine ICUs over 11 months with a 16-week baseline period (BP) and a 32-week implementation period (IP). Our intervention package included audits and feedback on antibacterial use, facility-specific treatment guidelines, antibacterial timeouts, pharmacy-based interventions and education. The intervention was delivered in two learning sessions with three action periods along with coaching support and basic quality improvement training. RESULTS: We included 912 patients, 357 in BP and 555 in IP. The latter had higher APACHE II (17 (95% CI: 12 to 21) vs 15 (95% CI: 11 to 20), p=0.036), SOFA scores (6 (95% CI: 4 to 9) vs 5 (95% CI: 3 to 8), p=0.006), renal failure (41.6% vs 33.1%, p=0.009), sepsis (36.1% vs 31.6%, p<0.001) and septic shock (40.0% vs 33.8%, p<0.001). The days of antibacterial therapy (DOT) were similar between the groups (change in the slope from BP to IP 28.1 (95% CI: -17.4 to 73.5), p=0.2405). There were no differences in the antibacterial defined daily dose (DDD) between the groups (change in the slope from BP to IP 43.9, (95% CI: -12.3 to 100.0), p=0.1413).The rate of antibacterial de-escalation based on microbiological culture was higher during the IP (62.0% vs 45.3%, p<0.001).The infection prevention control (IPC) assessment framework was increased in eight ICUs. CONCLUSION: Implementing an antimicrobial stewardship program in ICUs in a middle-income country via a QIC demonstrated success in improving antibacterial de-escalation based on microbiological culture results, but not on DOT or DDD. In addition, eight out of nine ICUs improved their IPC Assessment Framework Score.

2.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; : e202410399, 2024 Sep 05.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39207929

ABSTRACT

Introduction. spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) in weaning from pediatric invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is an endorsed practice, its positivity is based on clinical parameters; however, its results could be better documented. Objective. To describe the results of the SBT in the IMV weaning process. Population and methods. Retrospective analysis. Patients with ≥48 h in IMV from March 1, 2022 to January 31, 2024. Results. A total of493 SBT were analyzed in 304 patients; 71% (348) were positive, and 87% (302) resulted in successful extubations. The causes of negative SBT were increased work of breathing (70%), respiratory rate (57%), and heart rate (27%). In univariate analysis, respiratory distress as the reason for admission, peak inspiratory pressure before SBT and T-tube use, were predictors of negative SBT. In multivariate analysis, this association persisted for admission for respiratory cause, the higher programmed respiratory rate in IMV, as the T-tube modality. Those with negative SBT stayed more days in IMV (9 [7-12] vs. 7 [4-10]) and in PICU (11 [9-15] vs. 9 [7-12]). Conclusion. Positive SBT predicted successful extubation in a high percentage of cases. Respiratory distress on admission, higher programmed respiratory rate, and a higher proportion of T-tube mode were negative predictors of the test. Negative SBT was associated with more extended stays in IMV and PICU.


Introducción. La prueba de ventilación espontánea (PVE) en el proceso de liberación de la asistencia ventilatoria mecánica invasiva (AVMi) pediátrica es una práctica avalada; su positividad se sustenta en parámetros clínicos. Sin embargo, sus resultados están escasamente documentados. Objetivo. Describir los resultados de la PVE en el proceso de liberación de la AVMi. Población y métodos. Análisis retrospectivo. Pacientes con ≥ 48 h en AVMi del 1 de marzo de 2022 al 31 de enero de 2024. Resultados. Se analizaron 493 PVE en 304 pacientes; el 71 % (348) fueron positivas y el 87 % (302) redundó en extubaciones exitosas. Las causas de las PVE negativas fueron mayor trabajo respiratorio (70 %), frecuencia respiratoria (57 %) y frecuencia cardíaca (27 %). En el análisis univariado, la dificultad respiratoria como motivo de ingreso, la presión inspiratoria máxima previo a la PVE y el uso de tubo en T fueron predictores de PVE negativa. En el análisis multivariado, esta asociación persistió para el ingreso por causa respiratoria, la mayor frecuencia respiratoria programada en la AVM y la modalidad tubo en T. Quienes presentaron PVE negativas permanecieron más días en AVMi [9 (7-12) vs. 7 (4-10)] y en UCIP [11 (9-15) vs. 9 (7-12)]. Conclusión. La PVE positiva predijo la extubación exitosa en un alto porcentaje. La dificultad respiratoria al ingreso, la mayor frecuencia respiratoria programada y la mayor proporción de la modalidad tubo en T fueron predictores negativos para la prueba. La PVE negativa se asoció a mayor estadía en AVMi y UCIP.

3.
BMJ Open Qual ; 13(2)2024 Jun 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38830729

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The demand for healthcare services during the COVID-19 pandemic was excessive for less-resourced settings, with intensive care units (ICUs) taking the heaviest toll. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to achieve adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) use in 90% of patient encounters, to reach 90% compliance with objectives of patient flow (OPF) and to provide emotional support tools to 90% of healthcare workers (HCWs). METHODS: We conducted a quasi-experimental study with an interrupted time-series design in 14 ICUs in Argentina. We randomly selected adult critically ill patients admitted from July 2020 to July 2021 and active HCWs in the same period. We implemented a quality improvement collaborative (QIC) with a baseline phase (BP) and an intervention phase (IP). The QIC included learning sessions, periods of action and improvement cycles (plan-do-study-act) virtually coached by experts via platform web-based activities. The main study outcomes encompassed the following elements: proper utilisation of PPE, compliance with nine specific OPF using daily goal sheets through direct observations and utilisation of a web-based tool for tracking emotional well-being among HCWs. RESULTS: We collected 7341 observations of PPE use (977 in BP and 6364 in IP) with an improvement in adequate use from 58.4% to 71.9% (RR 1.2, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.29, p<0.001). We observed 7428 patient encounters to evaluate compliance with 9 OPF (879 in BP and 6549 in IP) with an improvement in compliance from 53.9% to 67% (RR 1.24, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.32, p<0.001). The results showed that HCWs did not use the support tool for self-mental health evaluation as much as expected. CONCLUSION: A QIC was effective in improving healthcare processes and adequate PPE use, even in the context of a pandemic, indicating the possibility of expanding QIC networks nationwide to improve overall healthcare delivery. The limited reception of emotional support tools requires further analyses.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Intensive Care Units , Quality Improvement , SARS-CoV-2 , Humans , COVID-19/prevention & control , COVID-19/epidemiology , Argentina , Intensive Care Units/organization & administration , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Male , Female , Personal Protective Equipment/statistics & numerical data , Middle Aged , Pandemics/prevention & control , Delivery of Health Care/standards , Adult , Public Health/methods , Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data , Health Personnel/psychology , Interrupted Time Series Analysis/methods
4.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 121(4): e202202806, ago. 2023. tab, ilus
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1442558

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La adecuada sedación y analgesia es fundamental en el tratamiento de pacientes que requieren asistencia ventilatoria mecánica (AVM). Se recomienda la utilización de protocolos y su monitoreo; son dispares los resultados reportados sobre adhesión e impacto. Objetivos. Evaluar el impacto de la implementación de un protocolo de sedoanalgesia sobre el uso de benzodiacepinas, opioides y evolución en la unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos (UCIP), en pacientes que requieren AVM mayor a 72 horas. Métodos. Estudio tipo antes-después, no controlado, en la UCIP de un hospital pediátrico. Se desarrolló en 3 etapas: preintervención de diagnóstico situacional (de abril a septiembre de 2019), intervención y posintervención de implementación del protocolo de sedoanalgesia, educación sobre uso y monitorización de adherencia y su impacto (de octubre de 2019 a octubre de 2021). Resultados. Ingresaron al estudio 99 y 92 pacientes en las etapas pre- y posintervención, respectivamente. Presentaron mayor gravedad, menor edad y peso en el período preintervención. En la comparación de grupos, luego de ajustar por gravedad y edad, en la etapa posintervención se reportó una reducción en los días de uso de opioides en infusión continua (6 ± 5,2 vs. 7,6 ± 5,8; p = 0,018) y los días de uso de benzodiacepinas en infusión continua (3,3 ± 3,5 vs. 7,6 ± 6,8; p = 0,001). No se observaron diferencias significativas en los días de AVM y en los días totales de uso de benzodiacepinas. Conclusión. La implementación de un protocolo de sedoanalgesia permitió reducir el uso de fármacos en infusión continua.


Introduction. Adequate sedation and analgesia is essential in the management of patients requiring mechanical ventilation (MV). The implementation of protocols and their monitoring is recommended; mixed results on adherence and impact have been reported. Objectives. To assess the impact of the implementation of a sedation and analgesia protocol on the use of benzodiazepines, opioids, and evolution in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in patients requiring MV for more than 72 hours. Methods. Before-and-after, uncontrolled study in the PICU of a children's hospital. The study was developed in 3 stages: pre-intervention for situational diagnosis (from April to September 2019), intervention, and post-intervention for implementation of a sedation and analgesia protocol, education on use, and monitoring of adherence and impact (from October 2019 to October 2021). Results. A total of 99 and 92 patients were included in the study in the pre- and post-intervention stages, respectively. Patients had a more severe condition, were younger, and had a lower weight in the preintervention period. After adjusting for severity and age, the group comparison in the post-intervention stage showed a reduction in days of continuous infusion of opioids (6 ± 5.2 versus 7.6­5.8, p = 0.018) and days of continuous infusion of benzodiazepines (3.3 ± 3.5 versus 7.6 ± 6.8, p = 0.001). No significant  differences were observed in days of MV and total days of benzodiazepine use. Conclusion. The implementation of a sedation and analgesia protocol resulted in a reduction in the use of continuous infusion of drugs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Analgesia , Analgesics, Opioid , Pain , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Benzodiazepines/therapeutic use , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Hypnotics and Sedatives
5.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 121(4): e202202806, 2023 08 01.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36692380

ABSTRACT

Introduction. Adequate sedation and analgesia is essential in the management of patients requiring mechanical ventilation (MV). The implementation of protocols and their monitoring is recommended; mixed results on adherence and impact have been reported. Objectives. To assess the impact of the implementation of a sedation and analgesia protocol on the use of benzodiazepines, opioids, and evolution in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in patients requiring MV for more than 72 hours. Methods. Before-and-after, uncontrolled study in the PICU of a children's hospital. The study was developed in 3 stages: pre-intervention for situational diagnosis (from April to September 2019), intervention,and post-intervention for implementation of a sedation and analgesia protocol, education on use, and monitoring of adherence and impact (from October 2019 to October 2021). Results. A total of 99 and 92 patients were included in the study in the pre- and post-intervention stages, respectively. Patients had a more severe condition, were younger, and had a lower weight in the preintervention period. After adjusting for severity and age, the group comparison in the post-intervention stage showed a reduction in days of continuous infusion of opioids (6 ± 5.2 versus 7.6­5.8, p = 0.018) and days of continuous infusion of benzodiazepines (3.3 ± 3.5 versus 7.6 ± 6.8, p = 0.001). No significantdifferences were observed in days of MV and total days of benzodiazepine use. Conclusion. The implementation of a sedation and analgesia protocol resulted in a reduction in the use of continuous infusion of drugs.


Introducción. La adecuada sedación y analgesia es fundamental en el tratamiento de pacientes que requieren asistencia ventilatoria mecánica (AVM). Se recomienda la utilización de protocolos y su monitoreo; son dispares los resultados reportados sobre adhesión e impacto. Objetivos. Evaluar el impacto de la implementación de un protocolo de sedoanalgesia sobre el uso de benzodiacepinas, opioides y evolución en la unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos (UCIP), en pacientes que requieren AVM mayor a 72 horas. Métodos. Estudio tipo antes-después, no controlado, en la UCIP de un hospital pediátrico. Se desarrolló en 3 etapas: preintervención de diagnóstico situacional (de abril a septiembre de 2019), intervención y posintervención de implementación del protocolo de sedoanalgesia, educación sobre uso y monitorización de adherencia y su impacto (de octubre de 2019 a octubre de 2021). Resultados. Ingresaron al estudio 99 y 92 pacientes en las etapas pre- y posintervención, respectivamente. Presentaron mayor gravedad, menor edad y peso en el período preintervención. En la comparación de grupos, luego de ajustar por gravedad y edad, en la etapa posintervención se reportó una reducción en los días de uso de opioides en infusión continua (6 ± 5,2 vs. 7,6 ± 5,8; p = 0,018) y los días de uso de benzodiacepinas en infusión continua (3,3 ± 3,5 vs. 7,6 ± 6,8; p = 0,001). No se observaron diferencias significativas en los días de AVM y en los días totales de uso de benzodiacepinas. Conclusión. La implementación de un protocolo de sedoanalgesia permitió reducir el uso de fármacos en infusión continua.


Subject(s)
Analgesia , Analgesics, Opioid , Child , Humans , Hypnotics and Sedatives , Pain , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Benzodiazepines/therapeutic use , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Intensive Care Units
6.
Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba ; 79(2): 116-122, 2022 06 06.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35700461

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Adherence to evidence-based practices (EBP) allows better management of the health-disease process in critical ill patients, with a close relationship between compliance and the quality achieved. We set out to improve adherence to EBP in patients admitted to a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and to improve the quality-of-care indicators. Methods: Controlled before-after study, developed at the PICU of the Pedro de Elizalde Children's General Hospital (PECGH), which involved all patients admitted in the period 12/01/2019 to 08/31/2020. The implementation consisted of a checklist (CL) that included 27 EBP, segmented into 10 improvement areas. Adherence to the CL was considered if it met 80% of EBP. Results: During the study period, 153 patients were admitted to the PECGH PICU. The pre- and post-intervention groups were similar in mechanical ventilatory assistance (MVA) requirements and pre-established mortality. In the last stage, adherence to the CL increased 23% (p <0.001). The MVA usage rate experienced the greatest decrease (18%, p = 0.033). In relation to quality indicators, a decrease in episodes of MVA-associated pneumonia (p = 0.002) and bladder catheter-associated infection (p = 0.001) was evident. There were no differences in mortality or stay in the PICU. Conclusion: The implementation of a CL allowed to increase compliance with the different EBP studied, a lower rate of MVA use, and a reduction in the rate of device-associated infections.


Introducción: La adherencia a prácticas basadas en la evidencia (PBE) permite una mejor gestión del proceso salud-enfermedad en pacientes críticos, existiendo una estrecha relación entre su cumplimiento y la calidad alcanzada. Nos propusimos mejorar la adherencia a PBE en pacientes internados en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátrico (UCIP) y mejorar los indicadores de calidad de la atención. Métodos: Estudio controlado, tipo antes-después de una implementación, desarrollado en la UCIP del Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde (HGNPE), que involucró a todos los pacientes internados en el período 01/12/2019 al 31/08/2020. La implementación consistió en una lista de verificación (LV) que incluía 27 PBE, segmentadas en 10 áreas de mejoras. Se consideró adherencia a la LV si cumplía el 80% de las PBE. Resultados: Durante el período de estudio ingresaron a la UCIP del HGNPE 153 pacientes. Los grupos pre-intervención y post-intervención, fueron similares en requerimientos de asistencia respiratoria mecánica (ARM) y mortalidad preestablecida. En la última etapa, la adherencia a la lista aumento un 23% (p<0,001). La tasa de uso de ARM experimentó el mayor descenso (18%, p=0,033). En relación a los indicadores de calidad, se evidenció una disminución de los episodios de neumonía asociada a ARM (p=0,002) e infección asociada a sonda vesical (p=0,001). No hubo diferencias en la estadía ni en la mortalidad en UCIP. Conclusión: La implementación de una LV permitió aumentar el cumplimiento de las distintas PBE estudiadas, una menor tasa de uso de ARM y reducción en la tasa de infecciones asociadas a dispositivos.


Subject(s)
Checklist , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Child , Evidence-Based Practice , Humans , Retrospective Studies
7.
EBioMedicine ; 72: 103615, 2021 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34649078

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Most children and youth develop mild or asymptomatic disease during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, a very small number of patients suffer severe Coronavirus induced disease 2019 (COVID-19). The reasons underlying these different outcomes remain unknown. METHODS: We analyzed three different cohorts: children with acute infection (n=550), convalescent children (n=138), and MIS-C (multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, n=42). IgG and IgM antibodies to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, serum-neutralizing activity, plasma cytokine levels, and the frequency of circulating Follicular T helper cells (cTfh) and plasmablasts were analyzed by conventional methods. FINDINGS: Fifty-eight percent of the children in the acute phase of infection had no detectable antibodies at the time of sampling while a seronegative status was found in 25% and 12% of convalescent and MIS-C children, respectively. When children in the acute phase of the infection were stratified according disease severity, we found that contrasting with the response of children with asymptomatic, mild and moderate disease, children with severe COVID-19 did not develop any detectable response. A defective antibody response was also observed in the convalescent cohort for children with severe disease at the time of admission. This poor antibody response was associated to both, a low frequency of cTfh and a high plasma concentration of inflammatory cytokines. INTERPRETATION: A weak and delayed kinetic of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 together with a systemic pro-inflammatory profile characterize pediatric severe COVID-19. Because comorbidities are highly prevalent in children with severe COVID-19, further studies are needed to clarify their contribution in the weak antibody response observed in severe disease. FUNDING: National Agency for Scientific and Technological Promotion from Argentina (IP-COVID-19-0277 and PMO-BID-PICT2018-2548).


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/blood , Antibody Formation , COVID-19/complications , COVID-19/immunology , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Immunoglobulin M/blood , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/immunology , Argentina , COVID-19/blood , Child , Child, Preschool , Cytokines/blood , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , SARS-CoV-2/immunology , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/blood
8.
EBioMedicine ; 67: 103357, 2021 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33979758

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Perhaps reflecting that children with COVID-19 rarely exhibit severe respiratory symptoms and often remain asymptomatic, little attention has been paid to explore the immune response in pediatric COVID-19. Here, we analyzed the phenotype and function of circulating neutrophils from children with COVID-19. METHODS: An observational study including 182 children with COVID-19, 21 children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C), and 40 healthy children was performed in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Neutrophil phenotype was analyzed by flow cytometry in blood samples. Cytokine production, plasma levels of IgG antibodies directed to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and citrullinated histone H3 were measured by ELISA. Cell-free DNA was quantified by fluorometry. FINDINGS: Compared with healthy controls, neutrophils from children with COVID-19 showed a lower expression of CD11b, CD66b, and L-selectin but a higher expression of the activation markers HLA-DR, CD64 and PECAM-1 and the inhibitory receptors LAIR-1 and PD-L1. No differences in the production of cytokines and NETs were observed. Interestingly, the expression of CD64 in neutrophils and the serum concentration of IgG antibodies directed to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 distinguished asymptomatic from mild and moderate COVID-19. INTERPRETATION: Acute lung injury is a prominent feature of severe COVID-19 in adults. A low expression of adhesion molecules together with a high expression of inhibitory receptors in neutrophils from children with COVID-19 might prevent tissue infiltration by neutrophils preserving lung function. FUNDING: This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology (National Agency for Scientific and Technological Promotion, IP-COVID-19-0277 and PMO BID PICT 2018-2548), and University of Buenos Aires from Argentina (20020170100573BA).


Subject(s)
Biomarkers/blood , COVID-19/immunology , Neutrophils/immunology , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/immunology , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Argentina , COVID-19/blood , Case-Control Studies , Child , Child, Preschool , Cytokines/blood , Female , Flow Cytometry , Humans , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Infant , Male , SARS-CoV-2/immunology , Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/blood
9.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 119(1): e26-e35, feb. 2021. tab, ilus
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1147192

ABSTRACT

El síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico en niños asociado con enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 se define por la presencia de fiebre persistente, inflamación y disfunción orgánica, con evidencia de infección pasada o reciente por coronavirus tipo 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave, y exclusión de otra causa microbiana. Acarrea la superposición con otras enfermedades inflamatorias (enfermedad de Kawasaki y síndrome de shock tóxico) y comparte características con entidades que presentan hipercitocinemia (linfohistiocitosis hemofagocítica y síndrome de activación macrofágica). Se diferencia de estas y de la forma aguda grave de enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 en su presentación clínica y parámetros de laboratorio. Su evolución es potencialmente grave y puede presentar falla cardiovascular; la mortalidad es baja (del 2 %).Se realiza una actualización de este síndrome, y se describe la presentación de 2 casos clínicos con disfunción cardiovascular, que requirieron sostén vasoactivo y asistencia ventilatoria invasiva. El laboratorio sérico evidenció parámetros de inflamación. Ambos recibieron tratamiento con gammaglobulina endovenosa y corticoides sistémicos, con evolución favorable


Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children related to COVID-19 is defined as the presence of persistent fever, inflammation, and organ dysfunction, with evidence of past or recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, and excluding other microbial causes. It overlaps with other inflammatory diseases (Kawasaki disease and toxic shock syndrome) and shares some features with hypercytokinemia conditions (hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and macrophage activation syndrome). It differs from these and severe acute COVID-19 in its clinical presentation and laboratory parameters. It has a potentially severe course and may occur with cardiovascular failure; mortality is low (2 %).Here we provide an update on this syndrome and describe the presentation of two clinical cases with cardiovascular dysfunction who required vasoactive support and invasive ventilation. Serum lab tests showed inflammation parameters. Both patients were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and systemic corticosteroids and had a favorable course


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/diagnosis , Pediatrics , Coronavirus Infections/therapy , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/therapy
10.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 118(6): 399-404, dic 2020. tab, ilus
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1146064

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La detección temprana del deterioro clínico en pacientes internados posibilita mejorar la calidad de atención médica. Las escalas Pediatric Early Warning Score (PEWS) predicen este deterioro dentro de las primeras 24 h de aplicadas. Estudios previos avalan estas herramientas.Objetivo. Evaluar la utilidad de la escala B-PEWS(Brighton PEWS) para predecir el deterioro clínico en niños internados, en un hospital pediátrico de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires.Población y métodos. Diseño de corte transversal. Incluyó todas las historias clínicas de pacientes de 1 mes a 18 años hospitalizados en áreas de hospitalización indiferenciada, desde el 1 de marzo al 31 de agosto de 2018. Variable de predicción: valor de B-PEWS (≤ 3 y ≥ 4 puntos). Variable de resultado: deterioro clínico dentro de las 24 horas. Análisis de variables categóricas mediante prueba de chi2 y cálculo de valores de clivaje. Como medida de asociación, se usó riesgo relativo. Se realizó análisis de curva ROCy análisis de punto óptimo mediante índice de Youden, tomando la escala de manera continua.Resultados. Se analizaron 518 historias clínicas. Cuarenta pacientes presentaron deterioro clínico; 37 con B-PEWS ≥ 4, y 3 con B-PEWS ≤ 3 (RR 56,36; IC 95 %: 17,76-178,89; p < 0,01). Sensibilidad: el 92,5 %; especificidad: el 88,3 %; valor predictivo positivo: el 39,8 %; negativo: el 99,3 %; razón de verosimilitud positiva: 7,91; razón de verosimilitud negativa: 0,08. AUC: 0,94 (IC 95 %: 0,89-0,98).Conclusión. La escala B-PEWS demostró ser útil para predecir el deterioro clínico en niños hospitalizados


Introduction. The early detection of clinical deterioration in hospitalized patients helps to improve the quality of care. The pediatric early warning score (PEWS) system predicts such deterioration in the first 24 hours of administration. Prior studies support the use of these tools.Objective. To assess the usefulness of the Brighton PEWS (B-PEWS) for the prediction of clinical deterioration among hospitalized children at a children's hospital in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires.Population and methods. Cross-sectional study. The medical records of all patients aged 1 month to 18 years admitted to any hospitalization ward between March 1st and August 31st, 2018 were included. Predictive outcome measure: B-PEWS score (≤ 3 and ≥ 4 points). Outcome variable: clinical deterioration in the first 24 hours. Categorical outcome measures were analyzed with the χ² test and screening values were estimated. The relative risk was used as a measure of association. A ROC curve analysis and an optimal cut-point analysis according to the Youden index were done considering the score in a continuous manner.Results. A total of 518 medical records were reviewed. Forty patients had clinical deterioration; the B-PEWS score was ≥ 4 in 37 patients and ≤ 3 in 3 (relative risk: 56.36; 95 % confidence interval: 17.76-178.89; p < 0.01). Sensitivity: 92.5 %; specificity: 88.3 %; positive predictive value: 39.8 %; negative predictive value: 99.3 %; positive likelihood ratio: 7.91; negative likelihood ratio: 0.08. AUC:0.94 (95 % confidence interval: 0.89-0.98).Conclusion. The B-PEWS demonstrated to be useful to predict clinical deterioration in hospitalized children.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Clinical Deterioration , Early Warning Score , Child, Hospitalized , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Status Indicators
11.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 118(6): 399-404, 2020 12.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33231047

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The early detection of clinical deterioration in hospitalized patients helps to improve the quality of care. The pediatric early warning score (PEWS) system predicts such deterioration in the first 24 hours of administration. Prior studies support the use of these tools. OBJECTIVE: To assess the usefulness of the Brighton PEWS (B-PEWS) for the prediction of clinical deterioration among hospitalized children at a children's hospital in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. POPULATION AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study. The medical records of all patients aged 1 month to 18 years admitted to any hospitalization ward between March 1st and August 31st, 2018 were included. Predictive outcome measure: B-PEWS score (≤ 3 and ≥ 4 points). Outcome variable: clinical deterioration in the first 24 hours. Categorical outcome measures were analyzed with the χ² test and screening values were estimated. The relative risk was used as a measure of association. A ROC curve analysis and an optimal cut-point analysis according to the Youden index were done considering the score in a continuous manner. RESULTS: A total of 518 medical records were reviewed. Forty patients had clinical deterioration; the B-PEWS score was ≥ 4 in 37 patients and ≤ 3 in 3 (relative risk: 56.36; 95 % confidence interval: 17.76-178.89; p < 0.01). Sensitivity: 92.5 %; specificity: 88.3 %; positive predictive value: 39.8 %; negative predictive value: 99.3 %; positive likelihood ratio: 7.91; negative likelihood ratio: 0.08. AUC: 0.94 (95 % confidence interval: 0.89-0.98). CONCLUSIONS: The B-PEWS demonstrated to be useful to predict clinical deterioration in hospitalized children.


Introducción. La detección temprana del deterioro clínico en pacientes internados posibilita mejorar la calidad de atención médica. Las escalas Pediatric Early Warning Score (PEWS) predicen este deterioro dentro de las primeras 24 h de aplicadas. Estudios previos avalan estas herramientas. Objetivo. Evaluar la utilidad de la escala B-PEWS (Brighton PEWS) para predecir el deterioro clínico en niños internados, en un hospital pediátrico de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Población y métodos. Diseño de corte transversal. Incluyó todas las historias clínicas de pacientes de 1 mes a 18 años hospitalizados en áreas de hospitalización indiferenciada, desde el 1 de marzo al 31 de agosto de 2018. Variable de predicción: valor de B-PEWS (≤ 3 y ≥ 4 puntos). Variable de resultado: deterioro clínico dentro de las 24 horas. Análisis de variables categóricas mediante prueba de chi2 y cálculo de valores de clivaje. Como medida de asociación, se usó riesgo relativo. Se realizó análisis de curva ROC y análisis de punto óptimo mediante índice de Youden, tomando la escala de manera continua. Resultados. Se analizaron 518 historias clínicas. Cuarenta pacientes presentaron deterioro clínico; 37 con B-PEWS ≥ 4, y 3 con B-PEWS ≤ 3 (RR 56,36; IC 95 %: 17,76-178,89; p < 0,01). Sensibilidad: el 92,5 %; especificidad: el 88,3 %; valor predictivo positivo: el 39,8 %; negativo: el 99,3 %; razón de verosimilitud positiva: 7,91; razón de verosimilitud negativa: 0,08. AUC: 0,94 (IC 95 %: 0,89-0,98). Conclusión. La escala B-PEWS demostró ser útil para predecir el deterioro clínico en niños hospitalizados.


Subject(s)
Clinical Deterioration , Early Warning Score , Child , Child, Hospitalized , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hospitalization , Humans , Retrospective Studies
12.
Pediatr Crit Care Med ; 21(3): e143-e151, 2020 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31851126

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of children with complex chronic conditions in PICUs in Argentina. To describe the demographic profile, clinical course and outcomes in PICU of children with complex chronic condition in comparison to previously healthy children. DESIGN: Prospective, observational multicenter study. SETTING: Nineteen PICUs located in Argentina belonging to public and private institutions. PATIENTS: All children admitted to the participating PICUs between March 1, 2015, and February 28, 2016. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS: We analyzed 3,483 PICU admissions. The prevalence of complex chronic condition was 48.06% (95% CI, 46.39-49.72). Cardiovascular complex chronic condition was predominant (22.24% [421/1,893]), followed by neuromuscular complex chronic condition (18.75% [355/1,893]) and malignant disease 17.7% (335/1,893). Technologic dependence was present in 22.22% of the patients (372 of 1,674). Predominant admission diagnosis was postoperative (36.6%) and respiratory disease (28.32%). Children with complex chronic condition had higher mortality than previously healthy patients (odds ratio, 2.74; 95% CI, 2.01-3.73). The risk of prolonged stay (≥ 26 d) was also higher (odds ratio, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.10-1.89). Rate utilization of the following devices was higher in patients with complex chronic condition: mechanical ventilation (odds ratio, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.12-1.63), central venous catheter (odds ratio, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.04-1.48), and arterial monitoring (odds ratio, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.09-1.63). CONCLUSIONS: We observed a high prevalence of patients with complex chronic condition in this sample of argentine PICUs. These patients presented higher mortality and resource use than previously healthy children. This information is valuable to understand the impact that patients with complex chronic condition have on PICU performance and enables proper planning of care.


Subject(s)
Intensive Care Units, Pediatric/statistics & numerical data , Multiple Chronic Conditions/epidemiology , Adolescent , Age Factors , Argentina/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Odds Ratio , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Residence Characteristics , Risk Factors , Severity of Illness Index , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Young Adult
13.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(4): 529-541, ago. 2018. graf, tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-950046

ABSTRACT

Introducción. En los niños internados en las unidades de cuidados intensivos, más del 50% de las úlceras por presión (UPP) se relacionan con la presión sostenida de los equipos y dispositivos. las UPP son un indicador indirecto de la calidad de atención. Objetivo. Evaluar el impacto de la implementación de una intervención de mejora de la calidad de atención sobre el desarrollo de UPP en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos. Material y métodos. Estudio antes-después, no controlado. Preintervención: medición de UPP; posintervención: se aplicó un paquete de medidas (educación del personal, identificación de los pacientes de riesgo y disminución de la presión mediante el uso de colchones antiescaras y posicionadores de gel de polímero), con iguales mediciones. Resultados. Se incluyeron 152 pacientes, 74 preintervención y 78 posintervención. Se observó una disminución significativa de la incidencia de UPP (pre-: 50,60%; pos-: 23,08%; p = 0,001). Mayor puntaje de riesgo en el grupo posintervención (pre-: 12,4 ± 1,9; pos-: 13,7 ± 2,1; p= 0,001). Sin diferencias en el puntaje de riesgo al día de aparición de la UPP y la cantidad de UPP. El análisis estratificado por riesgo mantuvo la diferencia significativa en la incidencia de UPP (PIM2 < 5: 47,37%; 19,23%; p= 0,004; y PIM2 > 5:55,56%; 30,77%; p= 0,053). Conclusión. Hubo un menor desarrollo de UPP luego de la implementación de una intervención de mejora de la calidad. No se observaron cambios en la cantidad ni en su estadio de mayor gravedad.


Introduction. Among children hospitalized in the intensive care unit who have pressure ulcers (PUs), more than 50% are related to the sustained pressure from a device or equipment. PUs are an indirect indicator of the quality of health care. Objective. To assess the impact of a health care quality improvement intervention on the development of PUs at the pediatric intensive care unit. Materials and methods. Uncontrolled, before and after study. Pre-intervention: measurement of PUs; post-intervention: implementation of a bundle of measures (staff training, identification of patients at risk, and pressure relief by using antibedsore mattresses and polymer gel positioners) and the same measurements. Results. A total of 152 patients were included: 74 before the intervention and 78 after the intervention. A significant reduction was observed in the incidence of PUs (preintervention: 50.60%; post-intervention: 23.08%; p= 0.001). A higher risk score was seen in the post-intervention group (pre-intervention: 12.4 ± 1.9; post-intervention: 13.7 ± 2.1; p= 0.001). No differences were observed in the risk score on the day of PU onset and the number of PUs. The risk-stratified analysis maintained the significant difference in the incidence of PUs (PIM2 < 5: 47.37%; 19.23%; p= 0.004; and PIM2 > 5: 55.56%; 30.77%; p= 0.053). Conclusion. A lower incidence of PUs was observed after the implementation of the health care quality improvement intervention. No changes were detected in the number of PUs or the severity staging.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Pressure Ulcer/prevention & control , Delivery of Health Care/methods , Quality Improvement , Beds , Incidence , Risk Factors , Pressure Ulcer/epidemiology , Delivery of Health Care/standards
14.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 116(4): e529-e541, 2018 08 01.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30016027

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Among children hospitalized in the intensive care unit who have pressure ulcers (PUs), more than 50% are related to the sustained pressure from a device or equipment. PUs are an indirect indicator of the quality of health care. Objective. To assess the impact of a health care quality improvement intervention on the development of PUs at the pediatric intensive care unit. Materials and methods. Uncontrolled, before and after study. Pre-intervention: measurement of PUs; post-intervention: implementation of a bundle of measures (staff training, identification of patients at risk, and pressure relief by using antibedsore mattresses and polymer gel positioners) and the same measurements. RESULTS: A total of 152 patients were included: 74 before the intervention and 78 after the intervention. A significant reduction was observed in the incidence of PUs (preintervention: 50.60%; post-intervention: 23.08%; p= 0.001). A higher risk score was seen in the post-intervention group (pre-intervention: 12.4 ± 1.9; post-intervention: 13.7 ± 2.1; p= 0.001). No differences were observed in the risk score on the day of PU onset and the number of PUs. The risk-stratified analysis maintained the significant difference in the incidence of PUs (PIM2 < 5: 47.37%; 19.23%; p= 0.004; and PIM2 ≥ 5: 55.56%; 30.77%; p= 0.053). CONCLUSION: A lower incidence of PUs was observed after the implementation of the health care quality improvement intervention. No changes were detected in the number of PUs or the severity staging.


Introducción. En los niños internados en las unidades de cuidados intensivos, más del 50% de las úlceras por presión (UPP) se relacionan con la presión sostenida de los equipos y dispositivos. las UPP son un indicador indirecto de la calidad de atención. Objetivo. Evaluar el impacto de la implementación de una intervención de mejora de la calidad de atención sobre el desarrollo de UPP en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos. Material y métodos. Estudio antes-después, no controlado. Preintervención: medición de UPP; posintervención: se aplicó un paquete de medidas (educación del personal, identificación de los pacientes de riesgo y disminución de la presión mediante el uso de colchones antiescaras y posicionadores de gel de polímero), con iguales mediciones. Resultados. Se incluyeron 152 pacientes, 74 preintervención y 78 posintervención. Se observó una disminución significativa de la incidencia de UPP (pre-: 50,60%; pos-: 23,08%; p = 0,001). Mayor puntaje de riesgo en el grupo posintervención (pre-: 12,4 ± 1,9; pos-: 13,7 ± 2,1; p= 0,001). Sin diferencias en el puntaje de riesgo al día de aparición de la UPP y la cantidad de UPP. El análisis estratificado por riesgo mantuvo la diferencia significativa en la incidencia de UPP (PIM2 < 5: 47,37%; 19,23%; p= 0,004; y PIM2 ≥ 5:55,56%; 30,77%; p= 0,053). Conclusión. Hubo un menor desarrollo de UPP luego de la implementación de una intervención de mejora de la calidad. No se observaron cambios en la cantidad ni en su estadio de mayor gravedad.


Subject(s)
Delivery of Health Care/methods , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Pressure Ulcer/prevention & control , Quality Improvement , Beds , Child, Preschool , Delivery of Health Care/standards , Humans , Incidence , Infant , Pressure Ulcer/epidemiology , Risk Factors
15.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(2): 196-203, abr. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-887460

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Los niños en unidades de cuidados intensivos pediátricos (UCIP) están expuestos a padecer dolor, estrés y ansiedad debido a su enfermedad, el tratamiento o el ambiente. La adecuada sedación y analgesia son fundamentales para su cuidado, especialmente, en aquellos que requieren asistencia ventilatoria mecánica (AVM). Objetivo. Determinar la práctica habitual en la sedación y analgesia de los pacientes que requieren ARM en UCIP de Argentina. Material y métodos. Estudio descriptivo, transversal, multicéntrico, realizado a través de encuestas enviadas por correo electrónico. Resultados. Se encuestaron y respondieron 45 UCIP. El 18% (N= 8) utiliza un protocolo de sedoanalgesia de seguimiento estricto, mientras que el 58% (N= 26) siguen un protocolo "tácito" producto de la automatización en la práctica. Las drogas más utilizadas son el midazolam para sedación y fentanilo para analgesia. El 31% (N= 14) de las UCIP monitorizan la sedación con escalas de evaluación (Ramsay modificada y/o Comfort). El 4% (N= 2) realizan la interrupción diaria de la sedación en forma programada. En pacientes de difícil sedación, la dexmedetomidina es la droga más utilizada como coadyuvante. El 73% (N= 33) de las unidades utilizan bloqueantes neuromusculares ante indicaciones precisas, y un monitoreo clínico. El 20% (N= 9) de las UCIP tienen un protocolo de destete para la sedoanalgesia, la morfina y lorazepam son las drogas más frecuentemente utilizadas. Conclusión. Existe un bajo porcentaje de protocolización en la práctica habitual del manejo de la sedoanalgesia en pacientes con AVM en las UCIP encuestadas.


Introduction. Children in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) are exposed to experiencing pain, stress and anxiety due to their disease, treatment or care setting. Adequate sedation and analgesia are key to their care, particularly in patients requiring mechanical ventilation (MV). Objective. To determine the usual practice in sedation and analgesia management in patients requiring MV in PICUs in Argentina. Material and methods. Descriptive, crosssectional, multi-center study conducted by means of e-mailed surveys. Results. A total of 45 PICUs were surveyed, 18% (N= 8) of which follow a sedation and analgesia protocol strictly, while 58% (N= 26) follow an "implied" protocol based on routine practice. The most commonly used drugs were midazolam, for sedation, and fentanyl, for analgesia. In 31% (N= 14) of the PICUs, sedation was monitored through assessment scales (modified Ramsay and/or Comfort scales). In 4% (N= 2) of units, daily, scheduled interruptions of sedation was implemented. In patients who are difficult to sedate, dexmedetomidine was the most commonly used adjuvant. In 73% (N= 33) of the units, neuromuscular blocking agents were used in compliance with precise guidelines and under clinical monitoring. In 20% (N= 9) of the PICUs there was a sedation and analgesia weaning protocol in place, and morphine and lorazepam are the most commonly used drugs. Conclusion. Only a low percentage of surveyed PICUs had a protocol in place for the routine management of sedation and analgesia in patients on MV.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric/standards , Conscious Sedation/statistics & numerical data , Deep Sedation/statistics & numerical data , /statistics & numerical data , Analgesia/statistics & numerical data , Respiration, Artificial , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Care Surveys
16.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 116(2): e196-e203, 2018 Apr 01.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29557601

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Children in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) are exposed to experiencing pain, stress and anxiety due to their disease, treatment or care setting. Adequate sedation and analgesia are key to their care, particularly in patients requiring mechanical ventilation (MV). OBJECTIVE: To determine the usual practice in sedation and analgesia management in patients requiring MV in PICUs in Argentina. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive, crosssectional, multi-center study conducted by means of e-mailed surveys. RESULTS: A total of 45 PICUs were surveyed, 18% (N= 8) of which follow a sedation and analgesia protocol strictly, while 58% (N= 26) follow an "implied" protocol based on routine practice. The most commonly used drugs were midazolam, for sedation, and fentanyl, for analgesia. In 31% (N= 14) of the PICUs, sedation was monitored through assessment scales (modified Ramsay and/or Comfort scales). In 4% (N= 2) of units, daily, scheduled interruptions of sedation was implemented. In patients who are difficult to sedate, dexmedetomidine was the most commonly used adjuvant. In 73% (N= 33) of the units, neuromuscular blocking agents were used in compliance with precise guidelines and under clinical monitoring. In 20% (N= 9) of the PICUs there was a sedation and analgesia weaning protocol in place, and morphine and lorazepam are the most commonly used drugs. CONCLUSION: Only a low percentage of surveyed PICUs had a protocol in place for the routine management of sedation and analgesia in patients on MV.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Los niños en unidades de cuidados intensivos pediátricos (UCIP) están expuestos a padecer dolor, estrés y ansiedad debido a su enfermedad, el tratamiento o el ambiente. La adecuada sedación y analgesia son fundamentales para su cuidado, especialmente, en aquellos que requieren asistencia ventilatoria mecánica (AVM). OBJETIVO: Determinar la práctica habitual en la sedación y analgesia de los pacientes que requieren ARM en UCIP de Argentina. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, multicéntrico, realizado a través de encuestas enviadas por correo electrónico. RESULTADOS: Se encuestaron y respondieron 45 UCIP. El 18% (N= 8) utiliza un protocolo de sedoanalgesia de seguimiento estricto, mientras que el 58% (N= 26) siguen un protocolo "tácito" producto de la automatización en la práctica. Las drogas más utilizadas son el midazolam para sedación y fentanilo para analgesia. El 31% (N= 14) de las UCIP monitorizan la sedación con escalas de evaluación (Ramsay modificada y/o Comfort). El 4% (N= 2) realizan la interrupción diaria de la sedación en forma programada. En pacientes de difícil sedación, la dexmedetomidina es la droga más utilizada como coadyuvante. El 73% (N= 33) de las unidades utilizan bloqueantes neuromusculares ante indicaciones precisas, y un monitoreo clínico. El 20% (N= 9) de las UCIP tienen un protocolo de destete para la sedoanalgesia, la morfina y lorazepam son las drogas más frecuentemente utilizadas. CONCLUSIÓN: Existe un bajo porcentaje de protocolización en la práctica habitual del manejo de la sedoanalgesia en pacientes con AVM en las UCIP encuestadas.


Subject(s)
Analgesia/statistics & numerical data , Conscious Sedation/statistics & numerical data , Deep Sedation/statistics & numerical data , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric/standards , Procedures and Techniques Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Respiration, Artificial , Argentina , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Care Surveys , Humans
17.
Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Ministerio de Salud de la Nación. Dirección de Investigación en Salud; 15 junio 2016. 1-57 p. graf, tab.
Non-conventional in Spanish | ARGMSAL, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1397375

ABSTRACT

Los errores y/o eventos adversos relacionados con la atención de la salud deben traducirse en información útil para prevenirlos y garantizar los procesos asistenciales seguros. OBJETIVOS Determinar la frecuencia de errores y eventos adversos relacionados al cuidado de la salud en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (UCIPs) del ámbito público de Argentina y la calidad de la atención. Diseño; Estudio multicéntrico descriptivo observacional con cuatro cohortes transversales. Población; Pacientes entre 1 y 217 meses internados entre el 1 de junio de 2016 y el 31 de marzo 2017 en 6 UCIP. MÉTODOS Se completaron cuestionarios con escala estructurada diseñada por los investigadores para registrar los errores o eventos encontrados durante 24 horas por corte, a pie de cama, por médico, kinesiólogo, enfermero y farmacéutico de cada centro. Para cinco categorías elegidas (ventilación mecánica (VM), accesos permanentes, falla de equipos, alarmas y medicación. Además, se consideró factores de cada UCIPs, de gravedad de los pacientes, factores humanos como sobrecarga de trabajo del equipo, escala NEMS y del sistema. RESULTADOS Se detectaron 1753 errores en los 262 pacientes en los 4 cortes/seis UCIPs en la población de 291 pacientes. Prevalencia de errores 0,90. Los errores más frecuentes fueron las alarmas 71,36%, de accesos 2,45%, de VM 10,38% y de medicación 15,80%. Todos los errores se presentaron en mayor proporción en horario matutino. En la regresión logística múltiple se tomó una de las 3 variables significativas del univariado, el NEMS que mostró asociación estadísticamente significativa con presentar un evento. OR=1,07 (IC95%: 1,03 a 1,11). P valor= 0,01. DISCUSIÓN La sobrecarga de trabajo de enfermería fue lo más significativo y el registro de ello permite evaluar, medir la situación. La falta de atención de alarmas, prescripciones y ruidos de comunicación lo más vulnerables. Se debe gestionar estrategias y prioridades en la atención


Subject(s)
Risk Management , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Patient Safety
18.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 113(3): 229-236, jun. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: lil-750468

ABSTRACT

Los errores en la prescripción médica (EPM) son una de las causas más frecuentes de eventos adversos. Las unidades de cuidados intensivos constituyen un ámbito de alto riesgo para su aparición. Objetivos. Describir la incidencia y los tipos de EPM en nuestra Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos. Evaluar si la implementación de una estrategia de mejora sobre los EPM modifica su incidencia a inmediato y largo plazo. Población y métodos. Estudio tipo antes y después, no controlado, prospectivo. Universo y muestra. Todas las prescripciones médicas de los pacientes internados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos del Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde, en los períodos julio-diciembre de 2013 y julio-agosto de 2014. Resultados. En la etapa preintervención, la tasa de EPM fue de 13,9%; el EPM más frecuente fue la falta de hora de modificación de un determinado medicamento, seguido por la omisión de dosis o medicamento. La medicación implicada con mayor frecuencia en los EPM fue el grupo de sedoanalgesia continua. Luego de la aplicación de un programa de mejora sobre EPM, la incidencia disminuyó a 6,3 errores por 100 prescripciones. El tipo de EPM en el cual se evidenció mayor reducción fue la falta de hora de modificación. A excepción del ítem plan de hidratación parenteral y electrolitos, todos los demás grupos de drogas analizados presentaron una marcada reducción. La tasa de EPM, luego de transcurrido un año del diagnóstico de situación, fue del 5,8%; mantuvo valores similares a la etapa de posintervención inmediata. Conclusión. La gestión de un programa de mejora sobre los EPM permitió un descenso en su incidencia.


Medical prescribing errors (MPEs) are one of the most common causes of adverse events. Intensive care units are a high-risk setting for their occurrence. Objectives. To describe the incidence and types of MPEs in our Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. To assess whether the implementation of an improvement strategy on MPEs affects their incidence in the short- and long-term. Population and Methods. Prospective, uncontrolled, before-after study. Universe and sample. All medical prescriptions for patients hospitalized in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde from July-December, 2013 and from July-August, 2014. Results. In the pre-intervention period, MPEs rate was 13.9%, the most common being the absence of the time a given medication was modified, followed by missing a dose or medication. The medication most frequently involved in MPEs was the sedation and continuous analgesia group. After the implementation of an improvement program on MPEs, the incidence decreased to 6.3 errors every 100 prescriptions. The MPE type which showed the greatest reduction was the absence of the time of modification. Except for parenteral hydration and electrolyte supplementation, the rest of the analyzed medication groups showed a marked reduction. One year after having reviewed the situation, the MPE rate was 5.8%, and values remained similar to those of the immediate postintervention period. Conclusion. Managing an improvement program on MPEs resulted in a decrease in its incidence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Medical Errors , Inappropriate Prescribing , Patient Safety
19.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 113(3): 229-236, jun. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-134130

ABSTRACT

Los errores en la prescripción médica (EPM) son una de las causas más frecuentes de eventos adversos. Las unidades de cuidados intensivos constituyen un ámbito de alto riesgo para su aparición. Objetivos. Describir la incidencia y los tipos de EPM en nuestra Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos. Evaluar si la implementación de una estrategia de mejora sobre los EPM modifica su incidencia a inmediato y largo plazo. Población y métodos. Estudio tipo antes y después, no controlado, prospectivo. Universo y muestra. Todas las prescripciones médicas de los pacientes internados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos del Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde, en los períodos julio-diciembre de 2013 y julio-agosto de 2014. Resultados. En la etapa preintervención, la tasa de EPM fue de 13,9%; el EPM más frecuente fue la falta de hora de modificación de un determinado medicamento, seguido por la omisión de dosis o medicamento. La medicación implicada con mayor frecuencia en los EPM fue el grupo de sedoanalgesia continua. Luego de la aplicación de un programa de mejora sobre EPM, la incidencia disminuyó a 6,3 errores por 100 prescripciones. El tipo de EPM en el cual se evidenció mayor reducción fue la falta de hora de modificación. A excepción del ítem plan de hidratación parenteral y electrolitos, todos los demás grupos de drogas analizados presentaron una marcada reducción. La tasa de EPM, luego de transcurrido un año del diagnóstico de situación, fue del 5,8%; mantuvo valores similares a la etapa de posintervención inmediata. Conclusión. La gestión de un programa de mejora sobre los EPM permitió un descenso en su incidencia.(AU)


Medical prescribing errors (MPEs) are one of the most common causes of adverse events. Intensive care units are a high-risk setting for their occurrence. Objectives. To describe the incidence and types of MPEs in our Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. To assess whether the implementation of an improvement strategy on MPEs affects their incidence in the short- and long-term. Population and Methods. Prospective, uncontrolled, before-after study. Universe and sample. All medical prescriptions for patients hospitalized in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde from July-December, 2013 and from July-August, 2014. Results. In the pre-intervention period, MPEs rate was 13.9%, the most common being the absence of the time a given medication was modified, followed by missing a dose or medication. The medication most frequently involved in MPEs was the sedation and continuous analgesia group. After the implementation of an improvement program on MPEs, the incidence decreased to 6.3 errors every 100 prescriptions. The MPE type which showed the greatest reduction was the absence of the time of modification. Except for parenteral hydration and electrolyte supplementation, the rest of the analyzed medication groups showed a marked reduction. One year after having reviewed the situation, the MPE rate was 5.8%, and values remained similar to those of the immediate postintervention period. Conclusion. Managing an improvement program on MPEs resulted in a decrease in its incidence.(AU)

20.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 113(3): 229-36, 2015 06.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25996321

ABSTRACT

UNLABELLED: Medical prescribing errors (MPEs) are one of the most common causes of adverse events. Intensive care units are a high-risk setting for their occurrence. OBJECTIVES: To describe the incidence and types of MPEs in our Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. To assess whether the implementation of an improvement strategy on MPEs affects their incidence in the short- and long-term. POPULATION AND METHODS: Prospective, uncontrolled, before-after study. Universe and sample. All medical prescriptions for patients hospitalized in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde from July-December, 2013 and from July-August, 2014. RESULTS: In the pre-intervention period, MPEs rate was 13.9%, the most common being the absence of the time a given medication was modified, followed by missing a dose or medication. The medication most frequently involved in MPEs was the sedation and continuous analgesia group. After the implementation of an improvement program on MPEs, the incidence decreased to 6.3 errors every 100 prescriptions. The MPE type which showed the greatest reduction was the absence of the time of modification. Except for parenteral hydration and electrolyte supplementation, the rest of the analyzed medication groups showed a marked reduction. One year after having reviewed the situation, the MPE rate was 5.8%, and values remained similar to those of the immediate postintervention period. CONCLUSION: Managing an improvement program on MPEs resulted in a decrease in its incidence.


Subject(s)
Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Medication Errors/prevention & control , Medication Errors/statistics & numerical data , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric/standards , Prospective Studies , Quality Improvement
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