[Expert opinions about a case of injury which by a failure of a restraining device caused a life-threatening injury to a breeding stallion]. / Gutachten über einen Schadensfall, der durch Versagen einer Spannvorrichtung zur lebensgefährlichen Verletzung eines Zuchthengstes führte.

A stallion got fatal injuries by kicks of a maiden mare because a so called "panic hook" untied spontaneously. The use of such hooks to secure mares during mating should therefore not be recommended.

[Successful use of deep-frozen stallion sperm after 23 years of storage at -196 degrees C]. / Erfolgreicher Einsatz von tiefgefrorenem Hengstsperma nach 23jähriger Lagerung in Pellet-Form bei -196 degrees C.

A reduction in the motility of the spermatozoa in stallion semen stored in pellet form for 23 years in liquid nitrogen at -196 degrees C could not be seen after thawing. The insemination of a mare with this semen resulted in a normal pregnancy. A normally developed, healthy male foal was born after a gestational period of 321 days.

[Effects of a metabolic endurance test developed for the constitution examination of young bulls on spermatologic and endocrine parameters]. / Auswirkungen eines zur Konstitutionsprüfung von Jungbullen entwickelten Stoffwechselbelastungstests auf spermatologische und endokrine Parameter.

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of an eight day starvation period on semen characteristics and some endocrine parameters of young bulls. The experiments were performed with 18 bulls in two trials showing the following set-up: pre-treatment period (7 or 20 days), starvation period (8 days), realimentation period (3 days) and control period (64 days). During the pre-treatment period and the control period the bulls obtained a well-balanced food-ration, during the period of starvation only 2 kg straw daily. During the starvation period the bulls lost 6% of their bodyweight. No influence on general health could be noticed. The concentrations of testosterone, LH, bovine growth hormone, insulin and insulin-like growth factor decreased significantly during or after the period of starvation. There was no clear influence in volume, sperm density and total number of sperm due to the metabolic stress during the hunger period. The initial progressive motility of sperm was not affected. The percentage of morphological abnormal spermatozoa increased 45-55 days after the hunger period. Simultaneously the semen freezability was decreased. An influence on the acrosomal morphology of frozen/thawed spermatozoa could not be obtained. The concentration of fructose, citric acid and glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC) of the seminal plasma was insignificantly influenced during the period of starvation. The realimentation caused a stimulating effect on the secretion mainly of GPC.

[Veterinary verdict in a damage case, resulting from an unnecessary gynecological treatment of a mare]. / Tierärztliches Gutachten über einen Schadensfall, der aus einer nicht indizierten gynäkologischen Behandlung einer Stute resultierte.

A malpractice caused a reduction in the value of a 15 years old mare, however the owner of the mare had not given the veterinarian the chance to reduce the injury and his claim of damages was unrealistically high.

[Safety precautions during semen collections from stallions]. / Sicherheitsmassnahmen bei der Samenentnahme beim Hengst.

In the Federal Republic of Germany a lethal accident occurred recently during the semen collection from a stallion and it would be advisable to observe the safety rules of which there are three sections: hobbeling and if necessary twitching of the mare, security in the manner in which the stallion is led, precautions to be observed by the operator.

[Minimum health and sexual requirements for breeding stallions]. / Gesundheitliche und geschlechtliche Mindestanforderungen an Zuchthengste.

The rules for the minimal requirements in health and genital potency for stallions formulated by GOTZE (1950) are reformulated, taking into consideration the results achieved by KLUG (1982) and KENNEY (1983). A stallion must be free of phenotypic hereditary faults. Furthermore he has to be in general and genital health and must be fit in both, potentia coeundi and generandi. The figures are based on the examination of thoroughbred and so called "warmblood" stallions. However, they can be adapted to other breeds like draughthorses and ponys.

The presence of an additional fetal membrane and its function in the newborn guanaco (Lama quanaco e ).

The newborn guanaco (Lama quanaco e ) is covered by an extra fetal membrane. It shares this characteristic with the newborns of old-world camelids. This membrane, which is lubricated by the watery amnionic fluid typical for camelids, facilitates the delivery of the conceptus. the newborn gets rid of this membrane itself, since in camelids mothers do not lick their offsprings.

[Clinical manifestations of rabies in the human. Case report and review]. / Klinische Manifestation der Tollwut beim Menschen. Kasuistischer Beitrag und Ubersicht.

Clinical symptoms and course in a 28 year old woman who suffered from rabies are reported. Neurophysiological and neuropathological findings in this patient, who died 21 days after developing initial symptoms, are presented in more detail. This disease appears to be rare in Central Europe. It can be treated effectively only by means of early detection and a special vaccination programme. Late recognition of lyssa specific symptoms in non-vaccinated patients is invariably associated with a fatal outcome. A review of current knowledge concerning rabies research is presented.

[New observations in the diagnosis of EHV (equine herpes virus) abortions]. / Neue Beobachtungen bei der Diagnostik des EHV-Abortes.

Over the last years the percentage of foals lost by EHV at term or close to term seems to be higher than in former years. Furthermore, the pathological findings seem to shift from liver to lung. So far there has been no explanation for this phenomenon.

Consequence of excess iodine supply in a Thoroughbred stud in southern Brazil.

Excessive iodine supply of at least 700 mg inorganic iodine in foals and of more than 350 mg iodine in pregnant and lactating mares cause a high incidence of goitres in the newborn and disorders in the long leg bones of foals. Elevated phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase content in the blood may indicate a severe disturbance in the bone metabolism. Of 39 pregnant mares 17 aborted and some of the mares also showed goitres. After withdrawal of the iodine supply normalization took place. Foals born more than 6 weeks later showed normal conditions. The goitres in the mares and the high blood levels of iodine decreased.