[The study of functional status in the perception of visual information depending on the method of technical color mixing on LCD and DLP projectors technology].

The case of compare two ways of projection color visual images, characterized by different spatial-temporal characteristics of visual stimuli, presents the methodology and the set of techniques. Received comparative data, identifying risks of regulation disorder of the functional state and development general, mental and visual fatigue during prolonged strenuous visual activity, according to two types of test tasks, which are the most typical for the use of modern projectors to work with the audience, both inthe process of implementation of learning technologies and the collective take responsible decisions by expert groups that control of complex technological processes.

[Study of speech characteristics in hearing-impaired pilots for creation of voice-activated system operating airborne equipment].

Comparative experimental study covered speech characteristics in speakers with normal hearing and pilot speakers with neurosensory deafness. Evaluation criteria were duration, speech volume, spectral characteristics of words. Main difference of speach in pilot speakers with hearing disorders was higher variability of its characteristics.

[Labor physiology role in workers of different type labor activity workability and health. Progress and prospects].

There are presented the data of workers overstrain and fatigue conditions mechanisms based on physiological, psychological and ergonomic aspects of work processes in different types of activities (mental, visual-strained, physical). 15-year historical analysis, current state and prospects of labor physiology methods development are shown. Complex physiological and ergonomic investigations have allowed developing the measures of work ability raise and diseases prevention for workers various professions. Obtained results provided the basis of development of regulatory documents in area of human organism strain physiological norms, consequences of psycho-emotional stress and overstrain prevention taking into account working conditions class.

Genetic and epigenetic classifications define clinical phenotypes and determine patient outcomes in colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: A molecular classification of colorectal cancer has been proposed based on microsatellite instability (MSI), CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), and mutations in the KRAS and BRAF oncogenes. This study examined the prevalence of these molecular classes, and differences in clinical presentation and outcome. METHODS: Demographics, tumour characteristics and survival were recorded for 391 subjects with colorectal cancer. Tumour DNA was analysed for MSI (high (MSI-H) or microsatellite stable (MSS)), CIMP (high (CIMP-H) or no (CIMP-neg)) and BRAF and KRAS mutations. Clinical differences between four phenotypes were examined. RESULTS: Most tumours were MSS/CIMP-neg (69.8 per cent), with a nearly equal distribution of MSI-H/CIMP-H, MSI-H/CIMP-neg and MSS/CIMP-H types. MSS/CIMP-neg tumours were less likely to be poorly differentiated (P = 0.009). CIMP-H tumours were more common in older patients (P < 0.001). MSI-H/CIMP-H tumours had a high frequency of BRAF mutation and a low rate of KRAS mutation; the opposite was true for MSS/CIMP-neg tumours (P < 0.001). The four molecular phenotypes tended towards divergent survival (P = 0.067 for stages 1-III). MSI-H cancers were associated with better disease-free survival (hazard ratio 2.00 (95 per cent confidence interval 1.03 to 3.91); P = 0.040). CONCLUSION: Colorectal cancers are molecularly and clinically heterogeneous. These different molecular phenotypes may reflect variable prognosis.

Differential expression of CD45RA and CD45RO molecules on human decidual and peripheral blood lymphocytes at early stage of pregnancy.

PROBLEM: The use of monoclonal antibodies for CD45RA and CD45RO antigens is important in defining maturational and functional stages on lymphocytes. METHOD: To characterize distribution of two isoforms of CD45 antigen CD45RA and CD45RO on CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD56+ lymphocyte subsets from first trimester human decidua, two-color flow cytometry were used. RESULTS: In decidua, there were much higher levels of CD45RO+ and much lower levels of CD45RA+ cells among CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ cells as compared with peripheral blood samples of the same pregnant women. Only approximately 40% of CD56+ cells in decidua expressed CD45RA. Unlike peripheral blood, approximately 30% of decidual natural killer (NK) cells weakly stained with anti-CD45RO antibodies. Double-negative CD45RA- CD45RO- NK cells were also present in decidua. CONCLUSIONS: The significantly raised percentage of intradecidual T cells expressing CD45RO suggest decidual accumulation of antigen-committed memory cells. The patterns of CD45 isoforms expression on decidual CD56+ cells are consistent with hypothesis that uterine CD56+ lymphocytes are terminally differentiated cells of NK lineage.

Differential expression of adhesion and homing molecules by human decidual and peripheral blood lymphocytes in early pregnancy.

Decidual and peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were studied for their expression of CD44, L-selectin (Leu-8), CD54, and CD11b cell adhesion molecules (CAM). Most CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD56+ cells in decidua were L-selectin- and CD44+, i.e., had a phenotype consistent with mucosa-homing preference of decidual lymphocytes (DL). We observed trimodal staining of decidual and peripheral blood CD56+ and CD8+ cells with anti-CD44 monoclonal antibody; negative, weakly positive, and brightly positive subpopulations were evident. Relatively high levels of CD44-negative CD56+ and CD8+ cells were found in decidua. Most decidual T and natural killer (NK) cells expressed high amounts of the CD54 molecule. Substantially higher numbers of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ cells in decidua bore CD11b, whereas the percentage of CD11b-positive NK cells was significantly lower in decidua, compared with that seen in peripheral blood. As opposed to peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulation of decidual NK cells elicited a rapid increase in the numbers of CD11b-positive cells but not increased fluorescence intensity of CD11b on the stained cells. The CD54 molecule was also up-regulated on decidual and peripheral blood NK cells but only after 15 hr of stimulation with PMA. In contrast to peripheral blood cells, activation of decidual mononuclear cells by K562 did not lead to an augmentation of the CD11b and CD54 expression on NK lymphocytes. These findings suggest that expression of CAM on DL is regulated in a manner different from that of PBL, and CAM expression may be adapted to accommodate placentation in human beings. The interaction of lymphocytes by means of antigen-independent cell-cell adhesion could be essential for the development of the placenta and the regulation of the local maternal immune response to the genetically foreign fetus.

[The expression of activation markers on decidual lymphocytes in the first trimester of pregnancy]. / Ekspressiia aktivatsionnykh markerov na detsidual'nykh limfotsitakh v pervom trimestre beremennosti.

To characterize the expression of activation markers CD69, IL-2R alpha, HLA-DR and transferrin receptor on decidual CD3+ and CD56+ lymphocytes, two color flow cytometry were used. Our data suggest the local activation of decidual lymphocytes. CD3+ and CD56+ cells from decidua expressed a high level of CD69 antigens. However, decidua CD3+ and CD56+ cells were different in expression of HLA-DR and IL-2R alpha. Vast majority of decidual CD3+ cells did not express IL-2R alpha and more than 50% of them were HLA-DR positive. Decidual CD56+ lymphocytes were mostly HLA-DR negative and 17% of them bore IL-2R alpha. Distinct patterns of expression of activation markers on decidual lymphocytes may be of immunobiological significance in maintenance of pregnancy.