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1.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss ; 92(4): 419-25, 1999 Apr.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10326150

ABSTRACT

Born in Arles on February 21st 1875, Madame J. C. was the oldest registered human being. She died on August 4th 1997 at the age of 122 years, the record for longevity probably for a long moment. Based on this unique case and a review of the literature, the authors describe the mechanical, physiological and clinical aspects of normal cardiac ageing. The diseases of the elderly which accelerate the process of physiological ageing are then reviewed. With its participation in left ventricular hypertrophy, left atrial dilatation and the increase in valvular stress, the decreased elasticity of the great arteries seems to be the essential factor.


Subject(s)
Aging/physiology , Heart/physiology , Longevity/physiology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Echocardiography , Female , Humans
3.
Int J Clin Pharmacol Res ; 5(6): 457-65, 1985.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2869002

ABSTRACT

The plasma pharmacokinetics and urinary excretion of CM 57755, an H2-receptor antagonist, were studied after administration of single oral doses in a range between a 100 and 700 mg in human volunteers. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated model-independent. Absorption of CM 57755 was bimodal and the maximum plasma concentration was reached between 2 and 4 h after dosing. The drug was widely distributed with an apparent volume of distribution between 140 and 200 l. The plasma clearance was between 56 and 69 L/h. The plasma concentrations declined following a monoexponential function with an elimination half-life of 2 h. No modification in the plasma clearance or other pharmacokinetic parameters with these doses was observed. Therefore, a linear pharmacokinetic profile of CM 57755 was proposed. About 40% of the parent drug was unchanged in urine excreted over the 24 h. The drug was compared with cimetidine and ranitidine, the three compounds seemed to exhibit a consistent pharmacokinetic profile.


Subject(s)
Histamine H2 Antagonists/metabolism , Niacinamide/analogs & derivatives , Administration, Oral , Adult , Histamine H2 Antagonists/administration & dosage , Histamine H2 Antagonists/blood , Humans , Kinetics , Male , Niacinamide/administration & dosage , Niacinamide/blood , Niacinamide/metabolism
4.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss ; 73(11): 1345-51, 1980 Nov.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6778430

ABSTRACT

The localisation of a pheochromocytoma is difficult and sometimes hazardous. There are many radiological techniques of varying sensitivity and the risks of hypertensive crises or of cardiovascular collapse are not negligeable (especially during arteriography and venography). Abdominal computerised axial tomography (CAT) would appear to be of considerable value. It gives a very precise localisation without any risk. Three personal cases confirm this opinion. The first case was of a 38 year old man with an extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma localised in the pelvis of the left kidney by CAT (after negative intravenous urography); the second case was of a 54 year old man with a left adrenal pheochromocytoma confirmed on CAT (after 2 negative aortic arteriogrammes and adrenal venography); the third case was of a 39 year old woman with a para aortic pheochromocytoma, diagnosed on CAT (after negative intravenous urography). These three cases bring to 43 the total number of reports of pheochromocytoma localised by abdominal CAT. When this method is compared with intravenous urography and aortic arteriography, abdominal CAT is over three times more sensitive than intravenous urography (90% compared to 26%) and also more sensitive than arteriography (90% compared to 76%). The false negative results on CAT usually involve small tumours (diameter less than 30 mm). The new generation of CAT should reduce these errors. The great advantage of this investigation should change the order of the radiological examinations in the localisation of pheochromocytoma. It would seem logical to carry out an abdominal CAT as soon as biological confirmation of the hypersecretion of catecholamines had been obtained. The other radiological investigations (especially aortic arteriography) should be reserved for cases with negative abdominal CAT.


Subject(s)
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Pheochromocytoma/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Adult , Angiography , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
6.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss ; 72(4): 385-90, 1979 Apr.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-112937

ABSTRACT

Right axial deviation and delay between stimulation and ventricular response was observed during pacing of the apex of the right ventricle in Prinzmetal angina. The degree of deformation of the ventricular complex and the length of this delay appear to be related to the severity of the anginan, the length of the preceding diastolic period and the amplitude of stimulation. This observation demonstrates the presence of conduction defects at the heart of ischaemic myocardium and may explain the failure of prophylactic pacing in Prinzmetal angina complicated by paroxysmal atrioventricular block.


Subject(s)
Angina Pectoris, Variant/complications , Angina Pectoris/complications , Cardiac Pacing, Artificial , Heart Block/etiology , Aged , Angina Pectoris, Variant/therapy , Heart Block/prevention & control , Humans , Male
8.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss ; 71 Spec No: 60-70, 1978 Jul.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-101183

ABSTRACT

The Cardiac Clinic reports its experience of 16 cases having unilateral curative renal surgery for hypertension in the adult, and has found a particularly high incidence (8 per cent of all cases). A study has been made of the lesions in the malformed and dysplastic renal arteries on the one hand, and of the correspondingly ischaemic and atrophic renal parenchyma on the other. Attention is drawn to the cases of unilateral renal atrophy (50 per cent of cases), the commonest involving gross lymphoplasia of congenital arterial origin. The other cases are of stenotic dysplasias, and special points to notice are the spread of the dysplasia towards the parenchyma, the presence of multiple aneurysms which militate towards nephrectomy, and the relative frequency of dysplasia of the intima (2 cases out of 8).


Subject(s)
Arteries/pathology , Hypertension/pathology , Kidney/blood supply , Kidney/pathology , Renal Artery/pathology , Adult , Aneurysm/pathology , Atrophy , Female , Humans , Hydronephrosis/pathology , Hypertension, Renal/pathology , Hypertension, Renovascular/pathology , Ischemia/surgery , Male , Middle Aged , Nephrectomy , Pregnancy
9.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss ; 70(11): 1209-12, 1977 Nov.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-414679

ABSTRACT

During the course of an aorto-femoral bypass in a normotensive young man, an inferior polar artery arising low on the aorta, and supplying the right kidney, was ligated. The limited ischaemia (demonstrated by later arteriography) of the parenchyma at the pole of the kidney was responsible, during the following weeks, for severe hypertension with a raised level of circulating plasma renin, but one that was rapidly treatable. This finding, which was fortuitous but could be ranked as "experimental", demonstrates the important role of abnormal polar arteries and of the renal parenchyma in human arterial hypertension. Such may, for example, be the underlying disorder in cases of hypertension after the transplantation of a kidney with an "uncontrolled" polar artery arising from the aorta, for the so-called "pyelonephritic" hypertension in pregnant patients caused by defective blood supply in an inter-pyramidal artery and corresponding subcortical infarction of the kidney, and for curing hypertension in the adult when isolated polar arteries arising from the aorta and stenosed at their point of origin are reimplanted into the main renal artery.


Subject(s)
Hypertension/etiology , Renal Artery/surgery , Adult , Aorta, Abdominal/surgery , Femoral Artery/surgery , Humans , Ligation/adverse effects , Male , Renal Artery/abnormalities
10.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss ; 69(12): 1211-8, 1976 Dec.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-827257

ABSTRACT

Hypertensives in pregnancy are not so grossly distinct and different from adult hypertensives if reference is made to the underlying arterial anomalies and malformations of the parenchyma and their incidence. It is, however, in this group that the limited way in which the active remnant of parenchyma, once constrained by these anomalies, can compensate for the changes in pressure and volume sensitivity imposed by pregnancy is most evident; these changes may be caused by pyelonephritis of pregnancy (genuine but rare), eclampsia of the primigravida, progressive hypertension in the multigravida, or certain cases of late hypertension, menopausal hypertension, or hypertension as a late result of a simple juvenile eclampsia. This series contains a particularly high percentage (21%) of cases of hypertension due to unilateral renal arterial ischaemia which are curable.


Subject(s)
Hypertension/etiology , Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/etiology , Angiography , Female , Humans , Hypertension/pathology , Kidney/abnormalities , Kidney/pathology , Pregnancy , Pyelonephritis/complications , Renal Artery/abnormalities , Renal Artery/pathology
13.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss ; 68(11): 1149-63, 1975 Nov.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-816282

ABSTRACT

Analysis of a further series of 125 consecutive unselected adults who were admitted to hospital with hypertension has advanced the study of arterial abnormalities and parenchymal hypoplasia, as demonstrated by selective renal arteriography, further in the direction of the parenchyma. An index of arterioparenchymal thinning is described. The authors list the features and incidence of polar arteries arising from the aorta (46%), polar arteries of non-aortic origin (31%), stenosing dysplasia (26%) and other arterial malformations, as well as biapical hypoplasia (67%), monofocal hypoplasia (37%), and the main types of renal dysgenesis (30%) which they found. The incidence of these abnormalities confirms the previous study of polar arteries arising from the aorta, and gives much more extensive information on the topic of parenchymal hypoplasia in so-called essential hypertension in the adult.


Subject(s)
Aorta/abnormalities , Hypertension/complications , Kidney/abnormalities , Renal Artery/abnormalities , Adult , Aged , Aortic Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Female , Humans , Hypertension/diagnostic imaging , Infarction/complications , Infarction/diagnostic imaging , Kidney/blood supply , Male , Middle Aged , Radiography , Renal Artery/diagnostic imaging
14.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss ; 68(6): 571-4, 1975 Jun.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-810099

ABSTRACT

A female patient of 22 with major hypertension was operated upon for a dyspalastic diaphragm stenosis of the right renal artery; she had otherwise a left lower polar aortic artery. The histological study was under-taken on four comparative biopsy specimens. In the aortic polar artery territory, the signs of atrophic dysgenesis were demonstrated: rarefaction and sclerosis of the glomeruli, sclerosing intretitial infiltration. They reproduce exactly the lesions of immature kidneys described by Marshall.


Subject(s)
Arteries/abnormalities , Hypertension/etiology , Kidney/blood supply , Renal Artery Obstruction/pathology , Adult , Angiography , Biopsy , Congenital Abnormalities/complications , Female , Humans , Hypertension, Renal/etiology , Kidney/pathology , Renal Artery Obstruction/diagnostic imaging , Renal Artery Obstruction/surgery
15.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss ; 68(1): 55-63, 1975 Jan.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-804877

ABSTRACT

Results of arterial surveys on the basis of renal arteriograms in 100 consecutive unselected and hospitalized cases of lone arterial hypertension of the adult. Abnormal polar arteries with direct branching from the aorta were observed in 52 cases, combined with a stenosing or parnechymatous arterial anomaly in 7, quite isolated in 45 cases (61.8 percent of 73 cases). The very great incidence of abnormal polar arteries is a fundamental epidemiological datum of lone arterial hypertension of the adult.


Subject(s)
Hypertension, Renal , Hypertension/etiology , Renal Artery/abnormalities , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Angiography , Congenital Abnormalities/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
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