ABSTRACT
The intermediate filament composition of the chorionic villi of the human full-term placenta and that of the amniotic sac was analysed. The analysis of the protein pattern of the Triton X-100 resistant tissue residues on SDS-polyacrylamide gel did not help us in intermediate filament identification because of the protein heterogeneity of the samples. The in vitro polymerization-depolymerization of the detergent resistant tissue proteins did not result in considerable enrichment of the intermediate filament proteins either. The direct immunological identification done by immunoblotting electrophoresis on the detergent resistant tissue residues, revealed that vimentin and cytokeratins were synthetized in detectable quantities in the human extraembryonal tissues.
Subject(s)
Amnion/analysis , Chorionic Villi/analysis , Intermediate Filament Proteins/analysis , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel/methods , Humans , Immunoblotting/methods , Keratins/analysis , Octoxynol , Placenta/analysis , Polyethylene Glycols , Vimentin/analysisABSTRACT
B1 vitamin deficiency was studied by the erythrocyte enzyme activation test in patients with chronic uraemia. Transketolase activity was measured in the erythrocyte haemolysates of 14 patients with chronic uraemia and in 16 healthy controls in the presence of TPP and following TPP saturation. The magnitude of activity increases as a result of TPP saturation which is probably indicative of an insignificant thiamine deficiency in patients with chronic uraemia.
Subject(s)
Erythrocytes/enzymology , Thiamine Deficiency/blood , Transketolase/blood , Uremia/blood , Chronic Disease , Clinical Enzyme Tests , Humans , Thiamine Deficiency/diagnosis , Thiamine Deficiency/etiology , Uremia/complicationsSubject(s)
Stomach Diseases/pathology , Xanthomatosis/pathology , Adult , Aged , Biopsy , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Stomach Diseases/diagnosis , Xanthomatosis/diagnosisABSTRACT
Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) level was estimated in 132 patients with different liver diseases (chronic persistent and chronic active hepatitis, postnecrotic cirrhosis, chronic alcholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis, cholestasis syndrome, fatty liver, Gilbert disease) and malignancies with and without liver involvement. The gamma-GT levels were compared with the values for serum bilirubin, transaminases (GOT, GPT) and alkaline phosphatase in the same patients. gamma-GT values were normal in chronic persistent hepatitis and increased in chronic active hepatitis. Very high activities were measured in chronic alcoholic cirrhosis in contrast to postnecrotic cirrhosis. gamma-GT proved to be more sensitive than alkaline phosphate as an index of cholestasis and liver involvement in malignancies. It is suggested that gamma-GT activity offers valuable aid in differential diagnostics of liver-diseases. gamma-GT being an inducible enzyme, its activity may be raised by enzyme inducing drugs also in subjects without liver disease.
Subject(s)
Liver Diseases/diagnosis , gamma-Glutamyltransferase/blood , Cholestasis/diagnosis , Chronic Disease , Clinical Enzyme Tests , Diagnosis, Differential , Fatty Liver/diagnosis , Gilbert Disease/diagnosis , Hepatitis/diagnosis , Hepatitis, Alcoholic/diagnosis , Humans , Liver Cirrhosis/diagnosis , Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/diagnosisABSTRACT
Twenty-four desperately ill newborn infants of very low-birth-weight admitted to a referral unit were studied. Some had received sodium bicarbonate (8.4% solution) in 20% glucose as an intravenous bolus infusion before admission. After admission continuous intravenous infusion was started with 10% glucose (70-100 ml/kg/24 hr) to which 5-15 ml/kg/24 hr of 4.2% sodium bicarbonate solution was added (2.5-7.5 mEq/kg/24 hr). In a few infants at admission, and in all some time after the beginning of treatment, blood samples for determination of glucose, lactate, sodium, urea nitrogen, osmolality and acid base status were obtained. In some infants blood samples were also taken immediately before or after death. During the course of intravenous infusion therapy, a progressive increase in mena osmolality was observed, accompanied by a rise in blood glucose, sodium and urea levels. The highest mean plasma osmolality was observed immediately before or after death. Besides continuous intravenous infusion, in several infants repeated attempts were made to correct the recurring acidosis by bolus infusion. Hyperosmolality is a frequent consequence of vigorous infusion therapy aimed at correcting acidosis and covering fluid and caloric requirement of maintenance. A simultaneous elevation in plasma sodium and glucose is often produced on utilizing two hyperosmolar solutions (sodium bicarbonate and glucose). The progressive increase in blood urea content also contributes to hyperosmolality. The metabolic, cellular and compartmental effects of hyperosmolality as well as the possible injury to the brain are discussed.
