Resorbable membrane design: In vitro characterization of silver doped-hydroxyapatite-reinforced XG/PEI semi-IPN composite.

In this study, the production and characterization of silver-doped hydroxyapatite (AgHA) reinforced Xanthan gum (XG) and Polyethyleneimine (PEI) reinforced semi-interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) biocomposite, known to be used as bone cover material for therapeutic purposes in bone tissue, were performed. XG/PEI IPN films containing 2AgHA nanoparticles were produced by simultaneous condensation and ionic gelation. Characteristics of 2AgHA-XG/PEI nanocomposite film were evaluated by structural, morphological (SEM, XRD, FT-IR, TGA, TM, and Raman) and biological activity analysis (degradation, MTT, genotoxicity, and antimicrobial activity) techniques. In the physicochemical characterization, it was determined that 2AgHA nanoparticles were homogeneously dispersed in the XG/PEI-IPN membrane at high concentration and the thermal and mechanical stability of the formed film were high. The nanocomposites showed high antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter Baumannii (A.Baumannii), Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus), and Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans). L929 exhibited good biocompatibility for fibroblast cells and was determined to support the formation of MCC cells. It was shown that a resorbable 2AgHA-XG/PEI composite material was obtained with a high degradation rate and 64% loss of mass at the end of the 7th day. Physico-chemically developed biocompatible and biodegradable XG-2AgHA/PEI nanocomposite semi-IPN films possessed an important potential for the treatment of defects in bone tissue as an easily applicable bone cover. Besides, it was noted that 2AgHA-XG/PEI biocomposite could increase cell viability, especially in dental-bone treatments for coating, filling, and occlusion.

Fabrication of mechanically advanced polydopamine decorated hydroxyapatite/polyvinyl alcohol bio-composite for biomedical applications: In-vitro physicochemical and biological evaluation.

In this study, polydopamine (PDA) coated hydroxyapatite (HA) reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films were produced to be used in biomedical applications such as bone tissue regeneration. pDA is coated not only to prevent the agglomeration of HA when encountering interstitial fluids but also to strongly bind the PVA for the interaction between materials so that the mechanical performance becomes more stabilized. pDA was coated on the hydroxyapatite surface using a radical polymerization technique, and the reinforced PVA were produced with pDA-coated HA (pDA-HA/PVA) nanoparticles. Fundamental characteristic properties of pDA-HA/PVA nanocomposite films were examined by morphological/chemical (SEM-EDS), microstructural (XRD, Ft-IR, and Raman), thermodynamic (TGA and TM), mechanical performance (Vickers microhardness) and biological activity analysis (MTT, genotoxicity and antimicrobial efficacy investigations). Physicochemical analysis showed that all the samples studied exhibited homogeneous mineral distributions through the main structures. According to TGA, TMA and hardness tests, the new composite structure possessed higher mechanical properties than neat PVA. Further, pDA-HA/PVA nanocomposites exhibited high antibacterial capacities against Acinetobacter Baumannii (A.Baumannii), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans). Moreover, the new nanocomposites were noted to present good biocompatibility for fibroblast (L929) cells and to support remarkably MCS cells. All in all, this comprehensive work shows that the thermo-mechanically improved pDA-HA/PVA films will increase the application fields of PVA in biomedical fields especially tooth-bone treatments for coating, filling, or occlusion purposes.

Fabrication and characterization of gold-nanoparticles/chitosan film: a scaffold for L929-fibroblasts.

The objective of the present study was to fabricate a gold nanoparticle crosslinked chitosan (Ch/AuNPs) composite film simple and to evaluate its use as a carrier matrix for L929- fibroblasts. L929- fibroblasts were seeded either onto Ch or Ch/AuNPs scaffolds. The Ch/AuNPs scaffold exhibited a higher cell proliferation and growth rate. The cytotoxicity test determined trypan blue staining indicated that Ch scaffolds devoid of AuNPs expressed almost no toxicity while the Ch/AuNPs composite scaffolds expressed a very limited toxicity only at higher doses. The Ch/AuNPs scaffold promotes cell attachment, growth and proliferation with almost no cytotoxicity.

Reversible immobilization of glucose oxidase on polyaniline grafted polyacrylonitrile conductive composite membrane.

Polyacrylonitrile membrane surfaces were modified with chemical polymerization of conductive polyaniline. The effect of aniline concentration on the grafting efficiency was investigated. As the amount of grafted PANI increased on the PAN membrane, the electrical resistance of composite membrane decreased. Composite (PAN/PANI)-1-5 membrane were used for reversible immobilization of GOD. The immobilization efficiency and the activity of the immobilized GOD were increased with increasing PANI contents of the composite membrane. The maximum amount of immobilized enzyme into composite PAN/PANI-5 membrane containing 2.1% PANI was about 251 microg/cm(2). Immobilized GOD exhibited 66% of its original activity even after two months of storage at 4 degrees C while the free enzyme lost its initial activity after three weeks.