Subject(s)
Alkaloids/isolation & purification , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification , Plants, Medicinal/analysis , Alkaloids/analysis , Alkaloids/pharmacology , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/analysis , Chemical Phenomena , Chemistry , KB Cells/drug effects , Leukemia P388/drug therapy , Plant Extracts/analysis , Plant Extracts/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Investigation of the MeOH extracts of Sargentia greggii (Rutaceae) led to the isolation of two known flavones, zapotin and 5,6,2'-trimethoxyflavone, and a new flavone, 5,6,2',3',4',6'-hexamethoxyflavone (1), whose structure was established by spectral data and confirmed by total synthesis. In addition, two known coumarins, 3-(alpha,alpha-dimethylallyl) herniarin and seselin, and a new coumarin, O-geranylosthenol (3), have been isolated from this plant. The structure of 3 was deduced from spectral data. Although the crude extracts displayed KB activity, none of the crystalline compounds were significantly active.
Subject(s)
Alkaloids/analysis , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/analysis , Coumarins/analysis , Flavonoids/analysis , Plants, Medicinal/analysis , Chemical Phenomena , Chemistry , Plant Extracts/analysisABSTRACT
Inhibition (quenching) of contact sensitization by cinnamic aldehyde (CA) reportedly occurs from eugenol (E) and d-limonene (d-L). Experimentally the former inhibited nonimmunologic contact urticaria (NICU) from CA in seven of eleven test subjects, which prompted a search for possible mechanisms, including chemical interaction, altered absorption, and anti-inflammatory activity, and competitive inhibition. Mixtures of CA and E and CA and d-L showed no chemical changes or intermolecular bonding. Absorption was not increased by cellophane tape stripping, and neither E nor d-L inhibited urticaria formation following stimulation of skin of five subjects with dermographism. Competitive inhibition at the receptor level may best explain the quenching phenomenon observed. Additional factors are presented that complicate the already numerous caveats in interpreting test results in NICU.
Subject(s)
Acrolein , Aldehydes , Dermatitis, Contact/drug therapy , Eugenol/therapeutic use , Terpenes/therapeutic use , Urticaria/chemically induced , Acrolein/analogs & derivatives , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Binding, Competitive , Cyclohexenes , Dermatitis, Contact/etiology , Drug Interactions , Humans , Limonene , Skin Absorption , Structure-Activity Relationship , Urticaria/drug therapyABSTRACT
Combined GLC-mass spectrometry revealed that an unidentified sparteine isomer was the major component of an alkaloid extract of the aboveground portions of Lupinus argenteus Pursh. var. stenophyllus (Rydb.) Davis (Leguminosae). After isolation, this alkaloid was characterized as the least common of the known sparteine isomers, (-)-alpha-isosparteine. A preliminary pharmacological study showed (-)-alpha-isosparteine to have a more rapid onset and a shorter duration of action when compared with (-)-sparteine on rat myocardium.
Subject(s)
Fabaceae/analysis , Plants, Medicinal , Sparteine/analysis , Chemical Phenomena , Chemistry , Chromatography, Thin Layer/methods , Isomerism , Mass Spectrometry/methods , X-Ray DiffractionABSTRACT
A method, utilizing brine shrimp (Artemia salina Leach), is proposed as a simple bioassay for natural product research. The procedure determines LC (50) values in microg/ml of active compounds and extracts in the brine medium. Activities of a broad range of known active compounds are manifested as toxicity to the shrimp. Screening results with seed extracts of 41 species of Euphorbiaceae were compared with 9KB and 9PS cytotoxicities. The method is rapid, reliable, inexpensive, and convenient as an in-house general bioassay tool.
ABSTRACT
Hordenine (N, N-dimethyltyramine) was found previously in the title plant. The detection of tyramine, N-methyltyramine, and choline and the crystallization of candicine (N, N, N-trimethyltyramine chloride) is now reported for this species.
