ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: Objective To assess the accuracy and reliability of the two 3D measuring methods, structured-light scanning and single-camera photogrammetry in forensic body surface damage and scar measurement. Methods The measuring results of 86 injuries by the ruler method, structured-light scanning and single-camera photogrammetry were compared and evaluated. The area measuring results of 13 simulated scars by the structured-light scanning, single-camera photogrammetry, Photoshop lasso pixel method and PDF reading software were compared and evaluated. The time consumed was recorded. The known specification information of the stickers was used as the standard value to compare the measuring accuracy of the ruler method, structural-light scanning and single-camera photogrammetry, and to calculate the root mean square error ï¼RMSEï¼. The consistency evaluation of intraclass correlation coefficient ï¼ICCï¼ for the repeatability of 3 measuring results obtained by different operators and the same operator. Results The differences in results of the two 3D measuring methods and the ruler method had no statistical significance; the differences between measuring results made by the structured-light scanning, single-camera photogrammetry and PDF reading software and that of the Photoshop lasso pixel method had no statistical significance. The post-processing of the single-camera photogrammetry consumed more time than that of other methods. When the long-distance group ï¼10-40 cmï¼ was measured, the results obtained by the ruler method were shorter than the standard value. The RMSE value results were structured-light scanning < single-camera photogrammetry < ruler method. The ICC value intragroup and intergroup were greater than 0.99. Conclusion Both structured-light scanning and single-camera photogrammetry can be applied in recording and measuring forensic body surface damage. The former has better performance in measurement accuracy and stability, while the latter has better color performance but longer post-processing time.
Subject(s)
Cicatrix , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Humans , Photogrammetry , Reproducibility of Results , SoftwareABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between B lymphocyte chemokine 1 (CXCL13) and interleukin-24 (IL-24) gene and wrist arthritis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 122 cases of patients with wrist arthritis treated in our hospital from May 2013 to April 2016 were randomly selected as wrist arthritis group, while 120 normal subjects were selected as normal control group. Venous blood was collected from all patients in normal control group and wrist arthritis group, respectively. Rheumatoid factor (RF), human C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in venous blood were measured. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score was used to statistically analyze the pain of subjects in normal control and wrist arthritis groups; the wrist flexion and extension activities of subjects in normal control group and wrist arthritis group were measured. The expressions of CXCL13 and IL-24 mRNA in synovial tissue of normal control group and wrist arthritis group were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of CXCL13 and IL-24 in normal control group and wrist arthritis group. RESULTS: The levels of CRP, RF, and ESR in the normal control group were within the normal range, but the levels of CRP, RF, and ESR in the wrist arthritis group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group. VAS scores and joint flexion extension activities in the normal control group were at normal levels. The VAS score of wrist arthritis group was significantly higher than that of the normal control group, and the joint flexion extension activities were significantly lower than that in the normal control group. The results of RT-PCR showed that the expression of CXCL13 mRNA in synovial tissue of wrist arthritis was significantly higher than that in the normal control group, while the expression of IL-24 mRNA in synovial tissue of wrist arthritis was significantly lower than that in normal control tissues. Western blotting showed that the expression of CXCL13 in synovial tissue of wrist arthritis was significantly higher than that in the normal control group, while the expression of IL-24 in synovial tissue of wrist arthritis was significantly lower than that in normal control groups. Analysis of variance showed that the expressions of CXCL13 and IL-24 in the normal control group and wrist arthritis group had statistically significant differences (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The abnormal expressions of CXCL13 and IL-24 are closely related to the occurrence and development of wrist arthritis. This study shows that CXCL13 and IL-24 have important research values in wrist arthritis. CXCL13 and IL-24 expressions can be used as new indicators of the diagnosis and treatment of wrist arthritis.
