ABSTRACT
The archived web provides an important footprint of the past, documenting online social behaviour through social media, and news through media outlets websites and government sites. Consequently, web archiving is increasingly gaining attention of heritage institutions, academics and policy makers. The importance of web archives as data resources for (digital) scholars has been acknowledged for investigating the past. Still, heritage institutions and academics struggle to 'keep up to pace' with the fast evolving changes of the World Wide Web and with the changing habits and practices of internet users. While a number of national institutions have set up a national framework to archive 'regular' web pages, social media archiving (SMA) is still in its infancy with various countries starting up pilot archiving projects. SMA is not without challenges; the sheer volume of social media content, the lack of technical standards for capturing or storing social media data and social media's ephemeral character can be impeding factors. The goal of this article is three-fold. First, we aim to extend the most recent descriptive state-of-the-art of national web archiving, published in the first issue of International Journal of Digital Humanities (March 2019) with information on SMA. Secondly, we outline the current legal, technical and operational (such as the selection and preservation policy) aspects of archiving social media content. This is complemented with results from an online survey to which 15 institutions responded. Finally, we discuss and reflect on important challenges in SMA that should be considered in future archiving projects.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: la Organización Mundial de la Salud reporta que la violencia se considera un problema de salud pública, siendo las mujeres con una relación de pareja uno de los grupos más vulnerables, generando en ellas consecuencias físicas, psicológicas y sociales, dicho problema se relaciona con el consumo de drogas, particularmente el alcohol. Objetivo: establecer la relación entre el consumo de alcohol y la violencia de pareja en estudiantes de una escuela de educación superior. Metodología: estudio observacional, prospectivo, transversal de nivel relacional. El universo estuvo conformado por 418 estudiantes de sexo femenino, muestreo aleatorio simple estratificado por grado escolar y grupo de 118 estudiantes. Resultados: no existe correlación entre el consumo de alcohol y la violencia de pareja, encontrando un nivel de significancia mayor a lo esperado. Sin embargo, al realizar el cruce de variables sobre el número de consumiciones con los tipos de violencia, se encuentra correlación, evidenciando que las estudiantes que sufren violencia psicológica consumen más bebidas alcohólicas. Conclusión: el tipo de violencia más frecuente es la psicológica, siendo de mayor impacto el aumento de la violencia sexual. No existe correlación entre el consumo de alcohol y la violencia de pareja, contrario a lo que socialmente se espera, siendo este resultado la pauta para futuras investigaciones.
Introduction: The World Health Organization reported violence as a public health problem, being women with a relationship one of the most vulnerable groups, generating in them physical, psychological and social consequences, this problem is related to the consumption of drugs particularly alcohol. Objective: To establish the relationship between alcohol consumption and partner violence in students of a higher education school. Methodology: Observational, prospective, cross-sectional study of relational level. Universe conformed by 418 students, stratified simple random samplingof 118 students. Results: There is no correlation between alcohol consumption and partner violence, finding a level of significance higher than expected, however, when Crossing the variables of the number of drinks with the types of violence, correlation is found showing that the students who suffer psychological violence consume more alcoholic beverages. Conclusión: The most frequent type of violence is psychological, with the greatest impact being the increase in sexual violence. There is no correlation between alcohol consumption and partner violence, contrary to what is socially expected, this result being the guideline for future research.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Students , World Health Organization , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Ethanol , Intimate Partner Violence , MexicoABSTRACT
Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most frequent type of cancer in humans. Exposure to UV radiation is a major risk factor for NMSC, and oxidative DNA damage, caused either by UV radiation itself or by other agents, may be involved in its induction. Increased sensitivity to oxidative damage and an altered DNA repair capacity (DRC) increase the risk of many types of cancer; however, sensitivity to oxidizing agents has not been evaluated for NMSC, and results regarding DRC in NMSC are inconclusive. In the present study, we evaluated DNA damage and repair in leukocytes from 41 NMSC patients and 45 controls. The Comet assay was used to measure basal and H(2)O(2)-induced DNA damage, as well as the DRC, while the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay was used to measure the basal level of chromosome damage. Although basal DNA damage was higher for the controls than for the patients, this finding was mainly due to sampling more controls in the summer, which was associated with longer comet tails. In contrast, H(2)O(2)-induced DNA damage was significantly higher in cases than in controls, and this parameter was not influenced by the season of the year. The DRC for the H(2)O(2)-induced damage was similar for cases and controls and unrelated to seasonality. Finally, the frequency of binucleated lymphocytes with micronuclei was similar for cases and controls. The results of this study indicate that NMSC patients are distinguished from controls by an increased sensitivity to oxidative DNA damage.
