Subject(s)
Borrelia/isolation & purification , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/diagnosis , Relapsing Fever/diagnosis , Tick-Borne Diseases/diagnosis , Travel , Adult , Animals , Borrelia/classification , Borrelia/genetics , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , Female , France , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/microbiology , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S , Relapsing Fever/microbiology , Tick-Borne Diseases/microbiologyABSTRACT
We studied the antimicrobial susceptibility of 322 Streptococcus pyogenes throat isolates from French children and their serotype and genomic diversity. A total of 22.4% were erythromycin resistant, and 69.4, 4.2, and 26.4% of these isolates harbored ermB, ermA, and mefA, respectively. Increasing resistance in France is mainly associated with a few emm type 28 clones.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Macrolides/pharmacology , Streptococcal Infections/epidemiology , Streptococcal Infections/microbiology , Streptococcus pyogenes/drug effects , Adolescent , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Child , Child, Preschool , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field , France/epidemiology , Genome, Bacterial , Humans , Membrane Proteins/genetics , Methyltransferases/genetics , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Pharyngitis/microbiology , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Serotyping , Streptococcus pyogenes/geneticsABSTRACT
Fifty-three pharyngitis-related and invasive isolates of Streptococcus pyogenes that are resistant to bacitracin were collected. They were also resistant to streptomycin, kanamycin, macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B. These multiresistant isolates were of emm type 28 and clonally related as shown by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Drug Resistance, Multiple , Pharyngitis/microbiology , Streptococcal Infections/diagnosis , Streptococcus pyogenes/genetics , Streptococcus pyogenes/pathogenicity , Bacitracin/pharmacology , Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field , Humans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Streptococcus pyogenes/drug effects , Streptococcus pyogenes/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Streptococci and enterococci are the most frequent pathogens causing infective endocarditis. In order to update the recommendations for both curative and prophylaxis treatment, the susceptibility to antibiotics of the most prevalent species of Streptococcaceae isolated from the patients with infective endocarditis was determined. METHODS: Streptococcal and enterococcal isolates (n=133) isolated from confirmed cases of infective endocarditis during a one-year prospective survey conducted in 1999 in France were studied. The identification of 106 streptococci and 27 enterococci to the species level was carried out by conventional methods. Their susceptibility to ten antibiotics used in curative or prophylactic treatment was measured. Minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined by agar dilution method. RESULTS: All the streptococcal and enterococcal isolates were susceptible to 4 mg/l or less of penicillin or amoxicillin. High levels of resistance to aminoglycosides were observed in two species, Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus and Enterococcus faecalis. All isolates were susceptible to glycopeptides. Resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, and pristinamycin was restricted to some species. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Curative treatments recommended for streptococcal or enterococcal endocarditis, including penicillin, amoxicillin or vancomycin in association with gentamicin were found to be appropriate for 98.5 per cent of cases. The emergence of erythromycin resistance in oral streptococci led to the use of pristinamycin in oral prophylactic treatment in patients allergic to beta-lactams.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Endocarditis, Bacterial/drug therapy , Enterococcus/drug effects , Streptococcus/drug effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Endocarditis, Bacterial/microbiology , Humans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS) are an accepted technique for controlling the complications of portal hypertension. Although the incidence of TIPS-associated bacteremia appears to be low (2%), this complication has a high mortality. We report one case of recurrent enterococcal bacteremia associated with TIPS and regression of TIPS thrombus after antibiotherapy. The antibiotic regimen is similar to that given in bacterial endocardites.
Subject(s)
Bacteremia/etiology , Enterococcus faecium , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic/adverse effects , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/etiology , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/surgery , Female , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/surgery , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/etiology , Humans , Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/complications , Middle Aged , RecurrenceABSTRACT
Acinetobacter ursingii has not been reported in infectious processes apart from its recent description as a new species. A bacteremia caused by A. ursingii in a patient with a pulmonary adenocarcinoma confirms that this microorganism is an opportunistic human pathogen. The isolate was susceptible to imipenem, aminoglycosides, rifampin, and fluoroquinolones.
