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1.
Acta otorrinolaringol. esp ; 63(4): 258-264, jul.-ago. 2012. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-102763

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La capacidad de detectar cambios temporales en la amplitud de modulación de los sonidos del habla es esencial para el adecuado desarrollo y comprensión del lenguaje. El potencial evocado auditivo de seguimiento a la envolvente (PEA-SE) permite estudiar objetivamente la respuesta auditiva a los cambios en la modulación del estímulo acústico en sujetos que no cooperan con exámenes conductuales. Objetivo: Evaluar posibles cambios maduracionales en los parámetros del PEA-SE durante los 2 primeros años de vida. Métodos: se estudiaron 16 bebés normooyentes (12 recién nacidos y 4 bebés de 2 años de edad). Se registró el PEA-SE obtenido con un ruido blanco al que se le realizó un barrido continuo de modulación entre 20-200Hz a 50dB HL. Resultados: Las principales diferencias con respecto al patrón morfológico descrito en los adultos estuvieron a expensas de las frecuencias inferiores a 50Hz, donde el componente P1, a diferencia del P2, no se registró de forma definida y estable en ninguno de los grupos. Con la edad existe, además, un incremento significativo en la amplitud y detectabilidad del potencial en todas las frecuencias de modulación estudiadas. Conclusiones: Se caracterizan por primera vez las modificaciones del PEA-SE con la maduración del sistema auditivo en seres humanos. Los resultados sugieren que el PEA-SE obtenido entre 80-200Hz podría ser útil para estudiar los cambios maduracionales del procesamiento auditivo temporal en la población infantil(AU)


Introduction: The auditory ability to discriminate rapid changes in the envelope of language sounds is essential for speech comprehension. Human envelope-following responses (EFRs) are useful for objective measurement of temporal auditory processing in subjects who are unable to give accurate behavioural responses (e.g., young children). Objective: To evaluate age-dependent changes in EFRs during the first 2 years of life. Methods: The EFRs were recorded in a sample of 16 well babies distributed into 2 age groups (G1: 12 newborns; G2: 4 babies of 2 years). The EFRs were evoked by white noise carrier stimuli with a sweep of modulation frequencies from 20 to 200Hz presented at 50dB HL. Results: The age-related changes affected both morphology and EFR detectability. The main morphological differences were at the expense of frequencies below 50Hz, where the first component P1 was not well defined in either of the 2 age groups. For all modulation frequencies, age significantly affected EFR amplitude and detectability. Conclusions: The present study provides the first evidence on EFR maturation. Some understanding of normal EFR development would facilitate a better use of this technique in clinically-objective measurement of auditory temporal processing in infants who cannot provide reliable behavioural responses(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Child, Preschool , Auditory Perception/physiology , Speech Acoustics , Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology , Auditory Perceptual Disorders , Acoustic Impedance Tests/methods , Audiometry/methods , Neurophysiology/methods , Informed Consent/standards , Electroencephalography/trends , Electroencephalography
2.
Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp ; 63(4): 258-64, 2012.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22421392

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The auditory ability to discriminate rapid changes in the envelope of language sounds is essential for speech comprehension. Human envelope-following responses (EFRs) are useful for objective measurement of temporal auditory processing in subjects who are unable to give accurate behavioural responses (e.g., young children). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate age-dependent changes in EFRs during the first 2 years of life. METHODS: The EFRs were recorded in a sample of 16 well babies distributed into 2 age groups (G1: 12 newborns; G2: 4 babies of 2 years). The EFRs were evoked by white noise carrier stimuli with a sweep of modulation frequencies from 20 to 200 Hz presented at 50 dB HL. RESULTS: The age-related changes affected both morphology and EFR detectability. The main morphological differences were at the expense of frequencies below 50 Hz, where the first component P1 was not well defined in either of the 2 age groups. For all modulation frequencies, age significantly affected EFR amplitude and detectability. CONCLUSIONS: The present study provides the first evidence on EFR maturation. Some understanding of normal EFR development would facilitate a better use of this technique in clinically-objective measurement of auditory temporal processing in infants who cannot provide reliable behavioural responses.


Subject(s)
Aging/physiology , Auditory Perception/physiology , Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology , Speech Acoustics , Acoustic Stimulation , Auditory Perceptual Disorders , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Phonetics
3.
Acta otorrinolaringol. esp ; 62(6): 425-431, nov.-dic. 2011. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-113323

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Comprender el lenguaje implica percibir adecuadamente los cambios temporales que se producen en la amplitud de modulación de los sonidos del habla. La detección de estos cambios disminuye en las afecciones neurológicas como la esclerosis múltiple, la neuropatía auditiva, las hipoacusias neurosensoriales, la presbiacusia y el retraso primario del lenguaje. El potencial evocado auditivo de seguimiento a la envolvente (PEA-SE) permite estudiar electrofisiológicamente la respuesta auditiva a los cambios en la modulación de un estímulo acústico. Objetivos: Caracterizar el PEA-SE en adultos sanos y estudiar los efectos del sueño sobre este potencial. Métodos: Se estudiaron 11 sujetos, 6 en condiciones de vigilia y 5 en sueño espontáneo. Se registró el PEA-SE obtenido con un ruido blanco al que se le hizo un barrido de frecuencias de modulación entre 20-200Hz a 50dB HL de intensidad. Resultados: El PEA-SE mostró una morfología similar en todos los sujetos, caracterizándose por presentar dos componentes principales. La amplitud del primer componente (localizado entre 30-50Hz de modulación) fue significativamente mayor que la del segundo componente (entre 80-110Hz) tanto en los sujetos despiertos como en los dormidos. Existió además un efecto significativo del estado de vigilia sobre la amplitud del PEA-SE para las frecuencias entre 88-110Hz, 155-165Hz y 190-200Hz. Sin embargo, no hubo un efecto significativo del sueño sobre los componentes principales del PEA-SE. Conclusiones: En este trabajo se corrobora el patrón morfológico del PEA-SE sustentándose su utilidad para el estudio objetivo del procesamiento temporal del sistema auditivo (AU)


Introduction: The auditory ability to discriminate rapid changes in the envelope of language sounds is essential for speech comprehension. This ability is deteriorated in some neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis, auditory neuropathy, sensorineural hearing loss, presbycusis, and primary developmental language disorder. Envelope-following responses (EFRs) in humans are useful in objective measurement of temporal processing in the auditory nervous system. Objectives: To evaluate EFRs in healthy younger subjects and to investigate the effects of subject states on the EFRs recorded. Methods: Eleven young subjects were included; 6 of them were awake and 5 were asleep. EFRs were evoked by white noise carrier stimuli with a sweep of modulation frequencies from 20 to 200Hz presented at 50dB HL. Results: The EFRs we recorded were similar in all subjects. There were two principal components. During both subject sleep and wakefulness, the first component (located between 30 and 50Hz) was significantly larger than the second component (located between 80 and 110Hz). There was also a significant effect of sleep on the EFR amplitude for the modulation frequencies between 88 and 110Hz, 155 and 165Hz, and 190 and 200Hz. However, there were no significant effects of sleep on the principal EFR components. Conclusions: These results corroborate the usefulness of the EFR technique for objective measurement of human auditory temporal processing (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Auditory Perceptual Disorders/diagnosis , Evoked Potentials, Auditory , Electrophysiological Phenomena , Speech Acoustics , Natural Language Processing , Wakefulness/physiology , Sleep/physiology
4.
Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp ; 62(6): 425-31, 2011.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21820640

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The auditory ability to discriminate rapid changes in the envelope of language sounds is essential for speech comprehension. This ability is deteriorated in some neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis, auditory neuropathy, sensorineural hearing loss, presbycusis and primary developmental language disorder. Envelope-following responses (EFRs) in humans are useful in objective measurement of temporal processing in the auditory nervous system. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate EFRs in healthy younger subjects and to investigate the effects of subject states on the EFRs recorded. METHODS: Eleven young subjects were included; six of them were awake and five were asleep. EFRs were evoked by white noise carrier stimuli with a sweep of modulation frequencies from 20 to 200Hz presented at 50dB HL. RESULTS: The EFRs we recorded were similar in all subjects. There were two principal components. During both subject sleep and wakefulness, the first component (located between 30-50Hz) was significantly larger than the second component (located between 80-110Hz). There was also a significant effect of sleep on the EFR amplitude for the modulation frequencies between 88-110, 155-165 and 190-200Hz. However, there were no significant effects of sleep on the principal EFR components. CONCLUSIONS: These results corroborate the usefulness of the EFR technique for objective measurement of human auditory temporal processing.


Subject(s)
Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology , Sleep/physiology , Acoustic Stimulation , Adult , Electrophysiology/methods , Female , Fourier Analysis , Humans , Male , Reference Values , Time Perception/physiology , Young Adult
5.
Acta otorrinolaringol. esp ; 62(2): 87-94, mar.-abr. 2011. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-88449

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las técnicas más utilizadas en los programas de cribado auditivo presentan limitaciones reconocidas en la detección de las pérdidas auditivas. Se presenta una nueva alternativa de cribado auditivo basada en el uso de potenciales evocados de estado estable. Objetivo: Evaluar la factibilidad de una prueba semiautomática de cribado auditivo en una población de recién nacidos sanos. Métodos: Se estudiaron 50 neonatos (7-18 días de nacidos) sin factores clínicos de riesgo y con respuesta detectable bilateral a 40 db nHL con potenciales evocados auditivos de tronco cerebral. A cada uno se le realizó una prueba con potenciales evocados auditivos de estado estable a múltiples frecuencias (PEAee-MF) (500 y 2.000Hz) y un registro sin estímulo para simulación de sordera. Resultados: Los umbrales auditivos se encontraron entre 25 y 50dB HL para ambas frecuencias (42,5±7dB HL para 500Hz y 35,5±6dB HL para 2.000Hz). Los tiempos medios de registro fueron de 2,6±1,6min por cada oído y la duración total del procedimiento (incluyendo preparación y colocación de electrodos) fue de 17,8±3,7min. Con la prueba de cribado se obtuvo una adecuada eficiencia diagnóstica (sensibilidad, 100%, y especificidad, 96%). Conclusiones: Los resultados descritos sugieren que los PEAee-MF (estimulación simultánea con múltiples frecuencias) pudieran ser utilizados como prueba de cribado auditivo en una población de recién nacidos sanos. Para esto, es necesario seguir perfeccionando la técnica combinando una metodología válida y sencilla con determinadas facilidades de automatización (AU)


Introduction: The techniques most frequently used within a screening context (otoacoustic emissions and click auditory brainstem response) have well-known limitations in hearing loss detection. Objective: This study examines the feasibility of a semi-automated multiple auditory steady-state responses (MSSR) system designed for neonatal hearing screening. Methods: A sample of 50 newborns without risk factors (well-babies) was tested within two weeks of birth. All had detectable auditory brainstem responses to clicks down to 40dB nHL in both ears. Two amplitude modulated carrier tones of 500 and 2,000Hz were mixed together and presented simultaneously. Each infant (and ear) was screened with the MSSR system; to simulate a hearing loss, a recording without stimulation was also obtained. Results: Mean auditory thresholds were 42.5±7dB HL at 500Hz and 35.5±6dB HL at 2,000Hz. The average duration of the MSSR recording was 2.6±1.6minutes for each tested ear and the overall duration of the screening procedure (including electrode fitting and infant preparation) was 17.8±3.7minutes. The diagnostic sensibility and the positive predictive values of the MSSR semi-automatic screening system was 100% and 96% respectively, with specificity of 96% and negative predictive values of 100%. Conclusions: Although the diagnostic efficiency of the semi-automated MSSR system was found adequate, further technological improvements are still necessary to facilitate its use in the context of universal newborn hearing screening program (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Neonatal Screening/methods , Deafness/epidemiology , Hearing Loss/epidemiology , Evoked Potentials, Auditory , Sensitivity and Specificity
6.
Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp ; 62(2): 87-94, 2011.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21215381

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The techniques most frequently used within a screening context (otoacoustic emissions and click auditory brainstem response) have well-known limitations in hearing loss detection. OBJECTIVE: This study examines the feasibility of a semi-automated multiple auditory steady-state responses (MSSR) system designed for neonatal hearing screening. METHODS: A sample of 50 newborns without risk factors (well-babies) was tested within two weeks of birth. All had detectable auditory brainstem responses to clicks down to 40dB nHL in both ears. Two amplitude modulated carrier tones of 500 and 2,000Hz were mixed together and presented simultaneously. Each infant (and ear) was screened with the MSSR system; to simulate a hearing loss, a recording without stimulation was also obtained. RESULTS: Mean auditory thresholds were 42.5±7dB HL at 500Hz and 35.5±6dB HL at 2,000Hz. The average duration of the MSSR recording was 2.6±1.6 minutes for each tested ear and the overall duration of the screening procedure (including electrode fitting and infant preparation) was 17.8±3.7 minutes. The diagnostic sensibility and the positive predictive values of the MSSR semi-automatic screening system was 100% and 96% respectively, with specificity of 96% and negative predictive values of 100%. CONCLUSIONS: Although the diagnostic efficiency of the semi-automated MSSR system was found adequate, further technological improvements are still necessary to facilitate its use in the context of universal newborn hearing screening program.


Subject(s)
Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem , Hearing Tests/methods , Neonatal Screening/methods , Acoustic Stimulation , Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Reference Values , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Sleep , Software
7.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 5(1)ene.-mar. 2006. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-439550

ABSTRACT

El registro de las Emisiones Otoacústicas (EOA) nos permite explorar la función auditiva periférica con profundidad y detalle, por lo que constituye una nueva herramienta para el estudio de los trastornos auditivos. Las EOA representan la energía acústica generada en las células ciliadas externas de la cóclea y captada en el oído externo con un micrófono. En este trabajo se mencionan las principales aplicaciones clínicas de las EOA, así como algunas de las ventajas y desventajas fundamentales de su empleo para el pesquisaje del déficit auditivo en la población infantil. Se llega a la conclusión de que constituye un error decirle a un padre que su hijo tiene una pérdida auditiva sólo porque haya fallado las EOA. Parece más apropiado decir que la ausencia de EOA constituye un factor de riesgo adicional para las pérdidas auditivas, más que utilizarlas como prueba definitiva de pesquisaje


Subject(s)
Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous/physiology , Hearing Loss
8.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 5(1)ene. -mar. 2006. ilus
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-29002

ABSTRACT

El registro de las Emisiones Otoacústicas (EOA) nos permite explorar la función auditiva periférica con profundidad y detalle, por lo que constituye una nueva herramienta para el estudio de los trastornos auditivos. Las EOA representan la energía acústica generada en las células ciliadas externas de la cóclea y captada en el oído externo con un micrófono. En este trabajo se mencionan las principales aplicaciones clínicas de las EOA, así como algunas de las ventajas y desventajas fundamentales de su empleo para el pesquisaje del déficit auditivo en la población infantil. Se llega a la conclusión de que constituye un error decirle a un padre que su hijo tiene una pérdida auditiva sólo porque haya fallado las EOA. Parece más apropiado decir que la ausencia de EOA constituye un factor de riesgo adicional para las pérdidas auditivas, más que utilizarlas como prueba definitiva de pesquisaje(AU)


Subject(s)
Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous/physiology , Hearing Loss
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