[Comparison of blood-serum p53 concentrations in patients with advanced breast tumors before and after chemotherapy].

Investigations of the role of p53 in tumorigenesis and growth, implementation of antitumor effect of cytostatics as well as emergence of tumor resistance have generally received great emphasis. Since most research was mostly concerned with use of tumor tissues, its dynamic aspects were ignored. Our study was concerned with p53 assay of blood serum from 10 patients with advanced breast tumors who underwent tests before and after a second cycle of chemotherapy. Due to immunoblotting technique, p53 was identified in all patients. Its concentration varied significantly and was twice as high in some as compared with the others. Prior to treatment, distinct differences were recorded in content as well as and in the nature of its age-dependent variation after chemotherapy. The highest levels were recorded in the age group over 60 yrs. In most patients (5 out of 6) under 55, post-treatment concentrations rose, on the average, by 13% while in all 4 cases of more than 60, they dropped by an average of 18%.

[Results of a phase I-II clinical trial of Emoxyl, a novel antineoplastic anthracycline]. / Rezul'taty I-II fazy klinicheskogo izucheniia novogo protivoopukholevogo preparata iz gruppy antratsiklinov émoksila.

Emoxyl (ruboxyl) is a product of chemical modification of daunorubicin mediated by a stable free radical. The drug was given to 63 patients with different malignancies stages I-II. Inhibition of hemopoiesis (leukopenia and thrombocytopenia) was identified as the dose-limiting toxicity level. Alopecia or cardiotoxicity were not reported. A daily single dose of 100 mg/m2, 5 days, repeated in cycles after 3 weeks, proved the safest and most effective. Out of 55 cases evaluated for immediate effect, complete remission (breast cancer, small-cell cancer of the lung, Kaposi's sarcoma)--3; partial remission (breast cancer--2; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma--1)--3, and stabilization--26.

[Comparative evaluation of 2 schedules of administration of anti- neoplastic drugs by the CMF protocol in disseminated breast cancer]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka dvukh rezhimov vvedeniia protivoopukholevykh preparatov po skheme CMF pri disseminirovannom rake molochnoi zhelezy.

Combined chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, fluorouracil (CMF) in two regimens of administration was comparatively assessed in a randomized and prospective trial. Group I patients (n = 34) received methotrexate and fluorouracil once a week and cyclophosphamide every other day for 15 days. In group II (n = 32) all the drugs were given simultaneously once weekly for 15 days. A complete and partial response occurred significantly more frequently in patients of group I (36%) versus group II (7%). The intergroup difference in toxicity appeared insignificant.

[Survival of patients with disseminated small-cell lung cancer]. / Vyzhivaemost' bol'nykh rasprostranennym melkokletochnym rakom legkogo.

The kinetics of survival in patients with small-cell lung cancer was studied versus the effectiveness of treatment. Survival in localized carcinoma was found to be significantly higher than that in extended tumor. The study of 54 patients given nitrosomethylurea-based combination chemotherapy showed survival in chemotherapy responders to be significantly higher than in cases of resistant tumors. The results of treatment as far as survival is concerned did not differ from those generally reported.