ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: In Japan, the prevalence of overweight/obesity in the general population is considerably lower and the mean duration of hospitalization of patients with schizophrenia is much longer than those in Europe and North America. The aim of this study was to investigate whether these differences in ethnics or healthcare systems influence the nutritional status of patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: Body mass index (BMI) and blood biochemistry tests were determined at hospitalization and at discharge for 171 Japanese patients who were hospitalized for the treatment of acute phase schizophrenia. RESULTS: For 56 patients who were overweight/obese at hospitalization, BMI (p < 0.001), fasting plasma glucose (p = 0.039), and low-density lipoprotein (p = 0.027) were significantly lower at discharge than at hospitalization. BMI at hospitalization, duration of hospitalization, and age were associated with a decrease in BMI during hospitalization. Among the 115 patients who were not overweight/obese at hospitalization, there were no changes in BMI and blood biochemistry tests between hospitalization and discharge. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with inpatients, outpatients with schizophrenia may be more likely to be overweight/obese in Japan.
Subject(s)
Body Weight/physiology , Inpatients , Outpatients , Overweight/physiopathology , Schizophrenia/physiopathology , Adult , Antipsychotic Agents/pharmacology , Blood Glucose/analysis , Body Mass Index , Body Weight/drug effects , Cholesterol, LDL , Comorbidity , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Female , Hospital Records/statistics & numerical data , Hospitalization , Humans , Japan , Male , Middle Aged , Obesity/epidemiology , Obesity/physiopathology , Overweight/epidemiology , Prevalence , Schizophrenia/drug therapy , Schizophrenia/epidemiology , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To examine the possible association of adiponectin (ADIPOQ), adiponectin receptor (ADIPOR1/2) gene polymorphisms with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and their influence on insulin resistance in Japanese women with PCOS. STUDY DESIGN: Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ADIPOQ and ADIPOR1/2 were genotyped in 59 infertile Japanese women with PCOS and 97 healthy Japanese controls. In addition, the association between the genotype and allele frequencies of these SNPs and the clinical phenotypes was analyzed in PCOS patients. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the genotype and allele frequencies of the 6 SNPs between PCOS patients and controls. In the PCOS group, women with the GG genotype of 45T > G of ADIPOQ had a significantly higher score in the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, fasting blood sugar and insulin level than those with other genotypes. Furthermore, a statistically significant difference in the genotype frequency of 45T > G polymorphism was observed between PCOS subjects with insulin resistance (n = 38) and controls (p = 0.011). CONCLUSION: The 6 SNPs of ADIPOQ and ADIPOR1/2 were not associated with a risk of PCOS. However, the 45T > G SNP in the ADIPOQ may be related to insulin resistance in Japanese women with PCOS.
