ABSTRACT
The analysis of the morbidity and mortality rates in diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis in Bulgaria after the introduction of the compulsory mass immunization of children with combined DPT vaccine is presented. These data indicate that morbidity in diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis has sharply decreased. Favorable results with respect to these three diseases are the consequence of the complete coverage of the child population by immunization with the vaccine whose quality has been steadily improving for the last 20 years. A higher purity of toxoids has been achieved, and at present it exceeds the latest WHO requirements. Pertussis vaccine is produced with the use of strains whose serological characteristics correspond to those of the pertussis strains circulating in the country. The study of the reactogenicity of DPT vaccine, carried out over the period of 20 years, has shown that the vaccine has low reactogenicity.
Subject(s)
Diphtheria/prevention & control , Tetanus/prevention & control , Whooping Cough/prevention & control , Adolescent , Bulgaria , Child , Child, Preschool , Diphtheria/epidemiology , Diphtheria Toxoid/administration & dosage , Diphtheria Toxoid/adverse effects , Diphtheria Toxoid/standards , Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine , Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic , Drug Combinations/administration & dosage , Drug Combinations/adverse effects , Drug Combinations/standards , Humans , Immunization, Secondary , Infant , Pertussis Vaccine/administration & dosage , Pertussis Vaccine/adverse effects , Pertussis Vaccine/standards , Tetanus/epidemiology , Tetanus Toxoid/administration & dosage , Tetanus Toxoid/adverse effects , Tetanus Toxoid/standards , Whooping Cough/epidemiologyABSTRACT
It was shown with the use of classical and differential polarography that oleandomycin in aqueous solutions undergoes electrolytic reduction on the mercury-dropping electrode. The polarographic wave of the reduction was distorted with adsorption phenomena. Its height was proportional to the analytical concentration of oleandomycin in the solution. The polarographic study on the process of acid and alkaline hydrolysis showed a satisfactory correlation between the height of the oleandomycin peak on the differential polarogramme [Formula: see text] and the biological activity of the antibiotic in the solution. The quantitative analysis implies recording of the data of the differential polarogramme of the test-solution and measurement of the antibiotic concentration with the calibration graph. Comparison of the results of determination of the oleandomycin levels in oleandomycin phosphate drugs and fermentation broth filtrates with the polarographic and micro-biological methods revealed no systematic deviations and showed that the average casual deviation between the results was due only to the errors of the methods reproducibility.
