[Medical Service of the Finnish Defence Forces].

Thee article is a brief description of the current state of the Finnish Defence Forces medical service and is based on the study of the open access foreign sources. At the beginning, the general information about Finland, the Finnish Defence Forces, and their medical service is presented. Then some particular features are described with more detail, namely, the organization of the inpatient and outpatient treatment, medical supply, scientific research, combat medicine, medical staff education and training, medical , service personnel income.

[The contribution of the department of childhood diseases of the S.M.Kirov Military-medical academy to the medical support of students of educational organizations of general education of the Ministry of Defence].

The article is devoted to the 150th anniversary of the department of childhood diseases of the S.M.Kirov Military Medical Academy and reflects on important activity of the department - creation of the system of medical support for students of general education institutions of the Ministry of Defense. The authors emphasize the role of professor M.S.Maslov, as well as other members of the department, in the development of manuals for health maintenance organization of first Suvorov military schools (1944, 1947). The authors also summarize results of the methodological and scientific work, training and improvement of professional skills of medical staff for educational institutions, including the heads of medical service of schools. The role of the department in improving the medical support for educational institutions of secondary education institutions f'the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation at the present stage of development of the Armed Forces is described in the given article.

[Problems of delivery of health care for children of servicemen and educates of general educational institutions of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation].

On the basis of the legal, instructional-methodological data and evaluation of the organization of medical care for children and adolescents identified the main challenges of pediatric services for the optimization of the Russian Defense Ministry interagency medical personnel accompany the children and adolescents, pre-university students in military educational institutions, at the stage of military reform and optimize the structure of the military medical service. To provide medical assistance to children of servicemen and DVOU pupils in accordance with the standards of health required the integration of interagency efforts of the military-medical institutions and medical institutions of state and municipal health systems.

[Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation].

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.

A new method to analyze dGEMRIC measurements in femoroacetabular impingement: preliminary validation against arthroscopic findings.

OBJECTIVE: To validate a new method to analyze delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) measurements in the hip for early assessment of cartilage defects in femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 10 hips in 10 FAI patients, who underwent hip arthroscopy. T1-weighted images and dGEMRIC T(1) maps were acquired at 1.5 T on coronal planes, including the anterior-superior, superior, posterior-superior hip cartilage. For all slices, a region of interest (ROI) was defined over the central portion of the femoral cartilage, assumed to be healthy, and T1 values (x) were transformed to standard scores (z) using z = (x -µ)/σ, where µ and σ are the average and standard deviation of T1 in the femoral ROI. Diagnostic performance of the resulting standardized dGEMRIC maps was evaluated against intraoperative findings and compared with that of a previously proposed dGEMRIC analysis as well as morphologic assessment. RESULTS: Assuming z = -2 or z = -3 as the threshold between normal and degenerated cartilage, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 88%, 51% and 62%, and 71%, 63% and 65%, respectively. By using T1 = 500 ms as single threshold for all dGEMRIC T1 maps, these values became 47%, 58% and 55%, whereas they were 47%, 79% and 70% for morphologic evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: Standardized dGEMRIC can increase the sensitivity in detecting abnormal cartilage in FAI and has the potential to improve the clinical interpretation of dGEMRIC measurements in FAI, by removing the effect of inter- and intra-patient T1 variability.

[An automized workplace of dermatologist in multiprofile hospital].

The article presents an investigation of general requirements to deploy of automized workplace of medical specialists, including derma-venereologic profile, functions of automized workplace, it's software. Was shown which functional duties of staff of unit permits optimize the automized workplace.

Light-mediated host searching strategies in a fish ectoparasite, Argulus foliaceus L. (crustacea: branchiura).

Argulus foliaceus, an obligate fish ectoparasite, can search for its hosts in both light and dark conditions and uses vision in the light. We have examined what searching mode is used at night, when the infection rate was at its highest, and which stimuli produced by the fish are most important. A change of illumination produced a clear difference in the searching behaviour of adult Argulus females. The mean swimming speed and the area explored were 3-4 times higher in the dark, when the parasite employed a cruising search strategy. This changed to an ambush (hover-and-wait) strategy in the light. The swimming activity is accompanied by changes in metabolic costs; the activity of the electron transport system being approximately 25 % lower in the light. The most pronounced light-induced differences in host-searching behaviour took place in moderately hungry parasites (starved for 24-96 h). Less motivated (just having left a fish) or exhausted animals did not exhibit any clear differences in swimming speed. Among the external signals tested, fish smell, from both perch (Perca fluviatilis) and roach (Rutilus rutilus), induced an elevated swimming speed of the parasite. Periodic water movements caused similar but weaker effects. The effects of these stimuli were observed under both light and dark conditions. We conclude that host-searching behaviour of A. foliaceus is under internal (state of hunger) and external (illumination and host-induced signals) control and involves all its sensory equipment (vision, olfaction and mechano-reception). Perch (but not roach) reduced their swimming speed in the dark, which make them more susceptible to cruising Argulus. Thus the behavioural interplay between hosts and parasites can also influence the infection rate of A. foliaceus found on perch and roach in Finnish lakes.