ABSTRACT
A comparison of the phenotypic properties of three rubella vaccines (HPV77/DE5, RA27/3 and Cendehill) and four wild-type (wt+) isolates (M33, Therien, Thomas and IB2) has been carried out. Differences in growth characteristics, plaque morphology and temperature sensitivity were identified. In addition differential reactivity of the strains to polyclonal and a monoclonal anti-E1 antibody were found in immunoperoxidase-staining reactions. The ability of the wt+ and vaccine strains to infect lymphoreticular cells and chondrocytes, also varied in that the RA27/3 and Cendehill strains were highly restricted in both these cell types while the wt+ strains and HPV77/DE5 vaccine grew to higher titer. This biological variation was associated with differences in E1 and E2 glycoproteins detected on immunoblots.
Subject(s)
Rubella virus/classification , Rubella virus/pathogenicity , Animals , Antigens, Viral/isolation & purification , Cartilage/cytology , Cartilage/microbiology , Chlorocebus aethiops , Genetic Variation , Immunohistochemistry , Phenotype , Rubella virus/growth & development , Vaccines, Attenuated , Vero Cells , Viral Envelope Proteins/isolation & purification , Viral Plaque Assay , Viral Vaccines , VirulenceABSTRACT
The ability of cultured human synovial cells derived from synovial membrane and cartilage to support the replication of human parvovirus B19 was assessed. No viral DNA synthesis nor viral antigens were detected suggesting that B19 virus is not capable of replicating in synovial cells. The significance of this finding in relationship to the pathogenesis of parvovirus arthritis is discussed.
Subject(s)
Parvovirus B19, Human/physiology , Synovial Membrane/microbiology , Bone Marrow/microbiology , Bone Marrow Cells , Cartilage/cytology , Cartilage/microbiology , Cells, Cultured , Humans , Synovial Membrane/cytology , Synovial Membrane/embryology , Virus ReplicationABSTRACT
Natural rubella has been reported to be associated with a higher incidence of arthropathy than immunisation with rubella vaccine. In addition, the different vaccines (HPV77/DE5, RA27/3, Cendehill) have been shown to vary in their association with joint symptoms in clinical trials. To investigate possible reasons for these differences in arthritogenicity, the susceptibility of human joint tissue to five rubella virus strains (three vaccines and two wt+) has been examined. Human joint tissue in either organ or dispersed cell-culture was infected in vitro and the degree of replication and persistence of each rubella strain compared. The wt+ strains (M33 and Therien) replicated to high titre in both cell and organ cultures and persisted for over 2 months. The HPV77/DE5 strain (Meruvax I) showed a very similar pattern. In contrast, the replication of RA27/3 (Meruvax II) and Cendehill (Cendevax) was highly restricted in joint cells and both of these strains showed very limited ability to penetrate and persist in the organ cultures. These results concur with the differences in arthritogenicity observed between the strains in vivo, suggesting that local viral replication may play a role in the pathogenesis of rubella-associated arthritis.
