Changes in intrahost genetic diversity according to lesion severity in longitudinal HPV16 samples.

Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) is the most common cause of cervical cancer, but most infections are transient with lesions not progressing to cancer. There is a lack of specific biomarkers for early cancer risk stratification. This study aimed to explore the intrahost HPV16 genomic variation in longitudinal samples from HPV16-infected women with different cervical lesion severity (normal, low-grade, and high-grade). The TaME-seq deep sequencing protocol was used to generate whole genome HPV16 sequences of 102 samples collected over time from 40 individuals. Single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and intrahost SNVs (iSNVs) were identified in the viral genomes. A majority of individuals had a unique set of SNVs and these SNVs were stable over time. Overall, the number of iSNVs and APOBEC3-induced iSNVs were significantly lower in high-grade relative to normal and low-grade samples. A significant increase in the number of APOBEC3-induced iSNVs over time was observed for normal samples when compared to high-grade. Our results indicates that the lower incidence of iSNVs and APOBEC3-induced iSNVs in high-grade lesions may have implications for novel biomarkers discoveries, potentially aiding early stratification of HPV-induced cervical precancerous lesions.

Marrubiin Inhibits Peritoneal Inflammatory Response Induced by Carrageenan Application in C57 Mice.

Marrubiin is a diterpene with a long history of a wide range of biological activities. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of marrubiin were investigated using several in vitro and in vivo assays. Marrubiin inhibited carrageenan-induced peritoneal inflammation by preventing inflammatory cell infiltration and peritoneal mast cell degranulation. The anti-inflammatory activity was further demonstrated by monitoring a set of biochemical parameters, showing that the peritoneal fluid of animals treated with marrubiin had lower levels of proteins and lower myeloperoxidase activity compared with the fluid of animals that were not treated. Marrubiin exerted the most pronounced cytotoxic activity towards peripheral mononuclear cells, being the main contributors to peritoneal inflammation. Additionally, a moderate lipoxygenase inhibition activity of marrubiin was observed.

DENV-1 Titer Impacts Viral Blocking in wMel Aedes aegypti with Brazilian Genetic Background.

Several countries have been using Wolbachia deployments to replace highly competent native Aedes aegypti populations with Wolbachia-carrying mosquitoes with lower susceptibility to arboviruses such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya. In Rio de Janeiro, Wolbachia deployments started in 2015 and still present a moderate introgression with a modest reduction in dengue cases in humans (38%). Here, we evaluated the vector competence of wild-type and wMel-infected Ae. aegypti with a Brazilian genetic background to investigate whether virus leakage could contribute to the observed outcomes in Brazil. We collected the specimens in three areas of Rio de Janeiro with distinct frequencies of mosquitoes with wMel strain and two areas with wild Ae. aegypti. The mosquitoes were orally exposed to two titers of DENV-1 and the saliva of DENV-1-infected Ae. aegypti was microinjected into wMel-free mosquitoes to check their infectivity. When infected with the high DENV-1 titer, the presence of wMel did not avoid viral infection in mosquitoes' bodies and saliva but DENV-1-infected wMel mosquitoes produced lower viral loads than wMel-free mosquitoes. On the other hand, wMel mosquitoes infected with the low DENV-1 titer were less susceptible to virus infection than wMel-free mosquitoes, although once infected, wMel and wMel-free mosquitoes exhibited similar viral loads in the body and the saliva. Our results showed viral leakage in 60% of the saliva of wMel mosquitoes with Brazilian background; thus, sustained surveillance is imperative to monitor the presence of other circulating DENV-1 strains capable of overcoming the Wolbachia blocking phenotype, enabling timely implementation of action plans.

Synthesis of Small Libraries of Natural Products: Part II: Identification of a New Natural Product from the Essential Oil of Pleurospermum austriacum (L.) Hoffm. (Apiaceae).

Herein, comprehensive data of NMR, MS, IR, and gas chromatography (RI) obtained by GC-MS on commonly used capillary columns of different polarity (non-polar DB-5MS and polar HP-Innowax) of a series of esters of all constitutional isomers of hexanoic acid with a homologous series of ω-phenylalkan-1-ols (phenylmethanol, 2-phenylethanol, 3-phenylpropan-1-ol, 4-phenylbutan-1-ol, and 5-phenylpentan-1-ol) and phenol, in total 48 chemical entities, were collected. The created synthetic library allowed the identification of a new constituent of the P. austriacum essential oil (3-phenylpropyl 2-methylpentanoate). The accumulated spectral and chromatographical data, as well as the established correlation between RI values and structures of regioisomeric hexanoates, provide (phyto)chemists with a tool that will make future identification of related natural compounds a straightforward task.

Correction: Savovic et al. Power Flow in Multimode Graded-Index Microstructured Polymer Optical Fibers. Polymers 2023, 15, 1474.

The authors wish to make three changes to their published paper [...].

Gold nanoparticles synthesis using Gymnosporia montana L. and its biological profile: a pioneer report.

BACKGROUND: The forming, blending, and characterization of materials at a size of one billionth of a meter or less is referred to as nanotechnology. The objective of the current study was to synthesize ecologically friendly gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from Gymnosporia montana L. (G. montana) leaf extract, characterize them, assess their interaction with different types of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and investigate their antioxidant and toxic capabilities. RESULTS: The biosynthesized AuNPs presence was validated by a color change from yellow to reddish pink as well as using UV-visible spectrophotometer. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis showed the presence of phytoconstituents like, alcohols, phenols, and nitro compounds responsible for the reduction of AuNPs. Zeta sizer and zeta potential of 559.6 d. nm and - 4.5 mV, respectively, demonstrated potential stability. With an average size between 10 and 50 nm, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), revealed the crystalline formation of AuNPs. Surface topology with 3D characterization, irregular spherical shape, and size with 6.48 nm of AuNPs was determined with the help of an atomic force microscope (AFM). AuNPs with some irregular and spherical shapes, and sizes between 2 and 20 nm, were revealed by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) investigation. Shifts in the spectrum were visible when the bioavailability of AuNPs with calf-thymus DNA (CT-DNA) and Herring sperm DNA (HS-DNA) was tested. Additionally, the DNA nicking assay's interaction with pBR322 DNA confirmed its physiochemical and antioxidant properties. The same was also found by using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, which showed a 70-80% inhibition rate. Finally, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay revealed that viability decreased with increasing dosage, going from 77.74 to 46.99% on MCF-7 cell line. CONCLUSION: Synthesizing AuNPs through biogenic processes and adopting G. montana for the first time revealed potential DNA interaction, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity capabilities. Thus, opening new possibilities in the turf of therapeutics as well as in other areas.

Exploring the epidemiology of mcr genes, genetic context and plasmids in Enterobacteriaceae originating from pigs and humans on farms in Thailand.

OBJECTIVES: In veterinary medicine, colistin has been widely used as therapeutic and prophylactic agent, and for growth promotion. However, colistin has been re-introduced into treatment of human MDR bacterial infections. We assessed the characteristics and spread of plasmid-borne colistin resistance among healthy pigs, workers with animal-contact and their household members in Thailand. METHODS: WGS and MIC data of 146 mcr-positive isolates from a cross-sectional One Health study were analysed. Long-read sequencing and conjugation were performed for selected isolates. RESULTS: mcr-carrying isolates were detected in 38% of pooled-pig samples and 16% of human faecal samples. Of 143 Escherichia coli and three Escherichia fergusonii, mcr-1, mcr-3, and mcr-9 variants were identified in 96 (65.8%), 61 (41.8%) and one (0.7%) isolate, respectively. Twelve E. coli co-harboured two mcr variants (mcr-1 and mcr-3). Clonal transmission was detected in five out of 164 farms. mcr-1 was mostly harboured by epidemic IncX4 and IncHI1 plasmids (89.9%). Conversely, mcr-3 was harboured by a range of different plasmids. Comparative plasmid studies suggested IncP and IncFII plasmids as possible endemic mcr-3 plasmids in Asian countries. Moreover, mcr-3 was associated with different mobile genetic elements including TnAs2, ISKpn40 and IS26/15DI. Detected genetic signatures (DRs) indicated recent mcr-3 transpositions, underlining the mobilizable nature of the mcr-3 cassette. CONCLUSIONS: The epidemiology of mcr and the possible evolution of successful plasmids and transposition modules should be carefully monitored. Of special concern is the growing number of different horizontal gene transferring pathways encompassing various transposable modules the mcr genes can be shared between bacteria.

Power Flow in Multimode Graded-Index Microstructured Polymer Optical Fibers.

We investigate mode coupling in a multimode graded-index microstructured polymer optical fiber (GI mPOF) with a solid core by solving the time-independent power flow equation (TI PFE). Using launch beams with various radial offsets, it is possible to calculate for such an optical fiber the transients of the modal power distribution, the length Lc at which an equilibrium mode distribution (EMD) is reached, and the length zs for establishing a steady-state distribution (SSD). In contrast to the conventional GI POF, the GI mPOF explored in this study achieves the EMD at a shorter length Lc. The earlier shift to the phase of slower bandwidth decrease would result from the shorter Lc. These results are helpful for the implementation of multimode GI mPOFs as a part of communications and optical fiber sensory systems.

TaME-seq2: tagmentation-assisted multiplex PCR enrichment sequencing for viral genomic profiling.

BACKGROUND: Previously developed TaME-seq method for deep sequencing of HPV, allowed simultaneous identification of the human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA consensus sequence, low-frequency variable sites, and chromosomal integration events. The method has been successfully validated and applied to the study of five carcinogenic high-risk (HR) HPV types (HPV16, 18, 31, 33, and 45). Here, we present TaME-seq2 with an updated laboratory workflow and bioinformatics pipeline. The HR-HPV type repertoire was expanded with HPV51, 52, and 59. As a proof-of-concept, TaME-seq2 was applied on SARS-CoV-2 positive samples showing the method's flexibility to a broader range of viruses, both DNA and RNA. RESULTS: Compared to TaME-seq version 1, the bioinformatics pipeline of TaME-seq2 is approximately 40× faster. In total, 23 HPV-positive samples and seven SARS-CoV-2 clinical samples passed the threshold of 300× mean depth and were submitted to further analysis. The mean number of variable sites per 1 kb was ~ 1.5× higher in SARS-CoV-2 than in HPV-positive samples. Reproducibility and repeatability of the method were tested on a subset of samples. A viral integration breakpoint followed by a partial genomic deletion was found in within-run replicates of HPV59-positive sample. Identified viral consensus sequence in two separate runs was > 99.9% identical between replicates, differing by a couple of nucleotides identified in only one of the replicates. Conversely, the number of identical minor nucleotide variants (MNVs) differed greatly between replicates, probably caused by PCR-introduced bias. The total number of detected MNVs, calculated gene variability and mutational signature analysis, were unaffected by the sequencing run. CONCLUSION: TaME-seq2 proved well suited for consensus sequence identification, and the detection of low-frequency viral genome variation and viral-chromosomal integrations. The repertoire of TaME-seq2 now encompasses seven HR-HPV types. Our goal is to further include all HR-HPV types in the TaME-seq2 repertoire. Moreover, with a minor modification of previously developed primers, the same method was successfully applied for the analysis of SARS-CoV-2 positive samples, implying the ease of adapting TaME-seq2 to other viruses.

Leadership, Innovative Behavior and the Case of Innovative Climate-When the Mediator Becomes the Mediated.

This study investigates how leadership, more precisely leader-member exchange (LMX), affects innovative behavior through an innovative climate as well as, indirectly, through organizational commitment and internal trust. A total of 1114 samples were collected from employees working in firms in Slovenia and Serbia. The quantitative data and the proposed model were analyzed with the partial least squares-SEM technique. The results indicate that an innovative climate is a mediator in the relationship between leadership and innovative behavior, and this relationship is also further mediated by internal trust and organizational commitment. These results reveal serial mediation or the complex role of an innovative climate in the process of influencing innovative work behavior. Implications for theory and recommendations for practice are discussed.

Transmission performance of multimode W-type microstructured polymer optical fibers.

By solving the time-independent power flow equation (TI PFE), we study mode coupling in a multimode W-type microstructured polymer optical fiber (mPOF) with a solid-core. The multimode W-type mPOF is created by modifying the cladding layer and reducing the core of a multimode singly clad (SC) mPOF. For such optical fiber, the angular power distributions, the length Lc at which an equilibrium mode distribution (EMD) is achieved, and the length zs for establishing a steady state distribution (SSD) are determined for various arrangements of the inner cladding's air-holes and different launch excitations. This information is useful for the implement of multimode W-type mPOFs in telecommunications and optical fiber sensors.

Cefalea por abuso de medicamentos y sus marcadores clínicos / Medication overuse headache and its specific clinical markers

Resumen Introducción: Los marcadores clínicos de la cefalea por uso excesivo de medicación (CMA) se basan en la clasificación de las cefaleas desarrollada por la Sociedad Internacional de Cefaleas (IHS). Esta clasificación incluye sólo dos criterios: la frecuencia de los días de cefalea debe ser de 15 o más días al mes durante al menos tres o más meses; - y el número de días de uso excesivo de la medicación debe ser de 10 o 15 días al mes dependiendo del tipo de medicación. Sin embargo, los pacientes suelen tener otros marcadores clínicos asociados distintos, que la mayoría de los médicos pasan por alto durante la evaluación inicial. Metodología: Este estudio es un estudio prospectivo, longitudinal y observacional de 76 pacientes ingresados en la Unidad de Cefaleas del hospital DIPRECA. Todos ellos fueron diagnosticados de HMO según los criterios establecidos por su ICHD III beta.(1) Los pacientes recibieron un tratamiento estándar que incluía desintoxicación y medicación preventiva y fueron seguidos durante 6 meses. Se registraron los síntomas de interés en cada visita de seguimiento clínico y se administraron escalas de evaluación como Zung, MIDAS, HIT-6. Resultados: Los medicamentos sobreutilizados incluyeron antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINE), triptanes y cornezuelos. Los síntomas clínicos más significativos asociados fueron: despertar por la mañana con dolor de cabeza, despertar al paciente al amanecer por dolor de cabeza, dificultades de atención, depresión, dolor cervical y síndrome de dolor miofascial. Todos los síntomas mejoraron significativamente al iniciar el tratamiento, al igual que la calidad de vida medida por las escalas MIDAS y HIT-6. Discusión: Al evaluar a los pacientes con HMO, hay que tener en cuenta tanto los criterios diagnósticos de la ICHD III beta como los síntomas comunes y específicos que se observan en la mayoría de los casos de HMO.

Introduction: Clinical markers of medication overuse headache (MOH) are based on headache classification developed by the International Headache Society (IHS). This classification include only two criteria: frequency of headache days must be 15 or more days per month for at least three or more months; - and the number of days of overuse medication must be either 10 or 15 days per month depending on the type of medication. However, patients often have others distinct associated clinical markers, which are overlooked by most physicians during the initial evaluation. Methodology: This study is a prospective, longitudinal and observational study of 76 patients admitted to DIPRECA´s hospital Headache Unit. They were all diagnosed with, MOH according to the criteria established by the his ICHD III beta.(1) Patients were given standard treatment including detoxification and preventive medications and followed for 6 months. Symptoms of interest were recorded in at each clinical monitoring visit and assessment scales such as Zung, MIDAS, HIT-6 were administered. Results: Overused medications included nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), triptans and ergots. The most significant clinical symptoms associated were: awaking in the morning with headache, awaking the patient at dawn by headache, attention difficulties, depression, cervical pain and myofascial pain syndrome. All symptoms significantly improved when treatment began, as did quality of life as measured by MIDAS and HIT-6 scales. Discussion: In evaluating patients with MOH consider both the ICHD III beta diagnostic criteria and the common and specific symptoms seen in most cases of MOH.

A higher non-severe hypoglycaemia rate is associated with an increased risk of subsequent severe hypoglycaemia and major adverse cardiovascular events in individuals with type 2 diabetes in the LEADER study.

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Hypoglycaemia is a common side effect of insulin and some other antihyperglycaemic agents used to treat diabetes. Severe hypoglycaemia has been associated with adverse cardiovascular events in trials of intensive glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes. The relationship between non-severe hypoglycaemic episodes (NSHEs) and severe hypoglycaemia in type 2 diabetes has been documented. However, an association between more frequent NSHEs and cardiovascular events has not been verified. This post hoc analysis of the LEADER (Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results) trial aimed to confirm whether there is an association between NSHEs and severe hypoglycaemic episodes in individuals with type 2 diabetes. In addition, the possible association between NSHEs and major adverse cardiac events (MACE), cardiovascular death and all-cause mortality was investigated. METHODS: LEADER was a double-blind, multicentre, placebo-controlled trial that found that liraglutide significantly reduced the risk of MACE compared with the placebo. In this post hoc analysis, we explored, in all LEADER participants, whether the annual rate of NSHEs (defined as self-measured plasma glucose <3.1 mmol/l [56 mg/dl]) was associated with time to first severe hypoglycaemic episode (defined as an episode requiring the assistance of another person), time to first MACE, time to cardiovascular death and time to all-cause mortality. Participants with <2 NSHEs per year were used as reference for HR estimates. Cox regression with a time-varying covariate was used. RESULTS: We demonstrate that there is an association between NSHEs (2-11 NSHEs per year and ≥12 NSHEs per year) and severe hypoglycaemic episodes (unadjusted HRs 1.98 [95% CI 1.43, 2.75] and 5.01 [95% CI 2.84, 8.84], respectively), which was consistent when baseline characteristics were accounted for. Additionally, while no association was found between participants with 2-11 NSHEs per year and adverse cardiovascular outcomes, higher rates of NSHEs (≥12 episodes per year) were associated with higher risk of MACE (HR 1.50 [95% CI 1.01, 2.23]), cardiovascular death (HR 2.08 [95% CI 1.17, 3.70]) and overall death (HR 1.80 [95% CI 1.11, 2.92]). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: The analysis of data from the LEADER trial demonstrated that higher rates of NSHEs were associated with both a higher risk of severe hypoglycaemia and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, irrespective of the cause of this association, it is important that individuals with high rates of hypoglycaemia are identified so that the potentially increased risk of cardiovascular events can be managed and steps can be taken to reduce NSHEs. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01179048).

Calculation of Bandwidth of Multimode Step-Index Polymer Photonic Crystal Fibers.

By solving the time-dependent power flow equation, we present a novel approach for evaluating the bandwidth in a multimode step-index polymer photonic crystal fiber (SI PPCF) with a solid core. The bandwidth of such fiber is determined for various layouts of air holes and widths of Gaussian launch beam distribution. We found that the lower the NA of SI PPCF, the larger the bandwidth. The smaller launch beam leads to a higher bandwidth for short fibers. The influence of the width of the launch beam distribution on bandwidth lessens as the fiber length increases. The bandwidth tends to its launch independent value at a particular fiber length. This length denotes the onset of the steady state distribution (SSD). This information is useful for multimode SI PPCF applications in telecommunications and optical fiber sensing applications.

Radioactivity level in relation to geological substrate: dynamics of natural and artificial radionuclides on Teucrium montanum L. (Lamiaceae) habitats.

There are no results of comparative ecological studies of the radionuclide activity concentration in the plants and soil in relation to geological substrate. Presented research encompasses the comparative analysis of the concentration of four radionuclides, three natural (40K, 226Ra, 232Th) and one artificial (137Cs) in soil samples and aerial plant parts of Teucrium montanum from different natural habitats on serpentinite and calcareous geological substrate. The activity concentrations of radionuclides were measured with high purity germanium (HPGe) detector and expressed as Bq kg-1. The calculated activity concentrations of 40K, 226Ra, 232Th, and 137Cs in soil samples from serpentinite/calcareous habitats are in range 39.6-91.0/59.3-1018.8, 1.7-5.5/4.3-52.4, 2.4-10.9/5.9-72.9, and 57.2-844.9/29.6-701.5 Bq kg-1, respectively. The activity concentrations of 40K, 226Ra, 232Th, and 137Cs in plant samples are in range 152.9-445.9/228.0-521.4, n.d.-1.2/0.6-5.6, n.d./0.2-0.9, and 1.0-46.4/1.7-7.0 Bq kg-1, respectively. The obtained results showed that the quantities of 137Cs are greater in the soil and plant material from the serpentinite habitats, while quantities of 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th are greater in the soil and plant material from calcareous habitats. In general, the level of radioactivity in plants and soil depends on the type of the geological substrate. The content of radionuclides in plants is correlated with the radionuclide content in the soil. In addition to other specifics in physical and chemical properties, serpentinite habitats are characterized by an increased amount of Cs in the soil, which causes an increased amount of this radionuclide in plants such as Teucrium montanum.

Increased Comorbidity Burden Among Hip Fracture Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic in New York City.

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic had a devastating effect on New York City in the spring of 2020. Several global reports suggested worse early outcomes among COVID-positive patients with hip fractures. However, there is limited data comparing baseline comorbidities among patients treated during the pandemic relative to those treated in non-pandemic conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multicenter retrospective cohort study was performed at two Level 1 Trauma centers and one orthopedic specialty hospital to assess demographics, comorbidities, and outcomes among 67 hip fracture patients treated (OTA/AO 31, 32.1) during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City (March 20, 2020 to April 24, 2020), including 9 who were diagnosed with COVID-19. These patients were compared to a cohort of 76 hip fracture patients treated 1 year prior (March 20, 2019 to April 24, 2019). Baseline demographics, comorbidities, treatment characteristics, and respiratory symptomatology were evaluated. The primary outcome was inpatient mortality. RESULTS: Relative to patients treated in 2019, patients with hip fractures during the pandemic had worse Charlson Comorbidity Indices (median 5.0 vs 6.0, P = .03) and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) scores (mean 2.4 vs 2.7, P = .04). Patients during the COVID-19 pandemic were more likely to have decreased ambulatory status (P<.01) and a smoking history (P = .04). Patients in 2020 had longer inpatient stays (median 5 vs 7 days, P = .01), and were more likely to be discharged home (61% vs 9%, P<.01). Inpatient mortality was significantly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic (12% vs 0%, P = .002). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with hip fractures during the COVID-19 pandemic had worse comorbidity profiles and decreased functional status compared to patients treated the year prior. This information may be relevant in negotiations regarding reimbursement for cost of care of hip fracture patients with COVID-19, as these patients may require more expensive care.

The Entropy Gain of Linear Systems and Some of Its Implications.

We study the increase in per-sample differential entropy rate of random sequences and processes after being passed through a non minimum-phase (NMP) discrete-time, linear time-invariant (LTI) filter G. For LTI discrete-time filters and random processes, it has long been established by Theorem 14 in Shannon's seminal paper that this entropy gain, G(G), equals the integral of log|G(ejω)|. In this note, we first show that Shannon's Theorem 14 does not hold in general. Then, we prove that, when comparing the input differential entropy to that of the entire (longer) output of G, the entropy gain equals G(G). We show that the entropy gain between equal-length input and output sequences is upper bounded by G(G) and arises if and only if there exists an output additive disturbance with finite differential entropy (no matter how small) or a random initial state. Unlike what happens with linear maps, the entropy gain in this case depends on the distribution of all the signals involved. We illustrate some of the consequences of these results by presenting their implications in three different problems. Specifically: conditions for equality in an information inequality of importance in networked control problems; extending to a much broader class of sources the existing results on the rate-distortion function for non-stationary Gaussian sources, and an observation on the capacity of auto-regressive Gaussian channels with feedback.

Excesive consumption of unsaturated fatty acids leads to oxidative and inflammatory instability in Wistar rats.

Lifestyle modifications such as increase in high-fat food consumption importantly increases the risks for cardiovascular disease. The principal objective of this study is to analyze effects of different high fat diet (HFD) sources on haemodynamic parameters, lipid and oxidative profile, myeloperoxidase activity, and markers of inflammation (IL-6/pentraxin-3). HFD containing 20% of fat, provided by lard (saturated) or soybean oil (unsaturated), as well as control diet were administering to three groups (L, SO and C). Food efficiency ratio and plasma lipids were significantly elevated in both HFD groups. However, only SO group showed an increase in systolic arterial pressure, oxidative stress index, myeloperoxidase activity, liver lipids as well as markers of inflammation: IL-6 and pentraxin-3 (PTX3). In summary, these results indicate inflammogenic potential of excessive soybean oil consumption in triggering liver damage.