ABSTRACT
Recent publications have permitted to quantify the benefit of radiotherapy in the conservative treatment of soft tissue sarcoma of the limbs. The aim of this review is to focus on aspects of radiotherapy witch influence local control and functional outcome for early and late normal tissue damage. The evaluation of late effects is performed according to Soma-Lent (Subjective-Objective-Management-Analytic-Late Effects of Normal Tissues) classification. About complications, neurological complications are probably under estimated and are related to total dose of radiation therapy.
Subject(s)
Arm/surgery , Leg/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Sarcoma/radiotherapy , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/radiotherapy , Combined Modality Therapy , Extracorporeal Circulation , Humans , Limb Salvage/methods , Radiotherapy DosageABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Prospective application of the French Sarcoma Group (FSG) method of surgery reporting in soft tissue sarcoma (STS) in a single centre. METHODS: Patients with primary STS of the extremities or trunk wall consecutively operated at the same institution from January 1996 to December 2002 were evaluated for local recurrence (LR). There were 205 patients, with AJCC/UICC stages III and IV in 51% of cases. Resection types according to FSG were R0 in 147, R1 in 53 and R2 in five cases. Radiotherapy was delivered in 163 patients and chemotherapy in 103. Multivariate analysis was performed. Overall five-year survival was 75%. Median follow-up for surviving patients was 53 months. RESULTS: Actuarial five-year LR incidence was 13% in 200 patients with gross resection (R0+R1), it was 7% in R0 and 30% in R1 patients (p<0.0001). At univariate analysis, significant prognosticators for LR were age, histotype, tumour invasion, grade and resection type R. At multivariate analysis, resection R1 (relative risk (RR) 4.3, p=0.001) and grade 3 (RR 3.9, p=0.013) independently predicted LR. Combining these two variables produced three prognostic groups for LR: group 0 (no factor, n=70), group 1 (one factor, n=94) and group 2 (two factors, n=36) with five-year LR of 4%, 12% and 39%, respectively (p=6.4x10(-7)). CONCLUSION: This first prospective evaluation of surgery reporting in STS evidences a fourfold, highly discriminating difference in LR between resections R0 and R1.
Subject(s)
Extremities , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Sarcoma/surgery , Soft Tissue Neoplasms/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Combined Modality Therapy , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm, Residual , Prognosis , Risk Factors , Sarcoma/pathology , Soft Tissue Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate retrospectively the anatomical definition of target volumes in the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas of the limbs and to study the radiation dose in the local control and toxicity. METHODS AND PATIENTS: Seventy-seven patients were consecutively treated for primary soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity with limb sparing surgery and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in the same institution. The median follow up was 56 months (17-89 months). RESULTS: Fifty-two patients (67%) had clear microscopic surgical margin (R0 resection), 23 (30%) had histologically positive microscopic margin (R1 resection), 2 had a macroscopic residual disease (R2 resection). An anatomical definition of target volumes has been realised. The mean dose was 50 Gy in 25 or 28 fractions; 23 patients received a boost restricted to the tumor bed: 13 with EBRT, 10 with brachytherapy (BRT). Thirty-four patients had an adjuvant chemotherapy. The overall 5 year local relapse rate was 10%. Seven local relapses were described, five of the high-grade tumours, and five in patients with positive margin. In univariate analysis, quality of surgery shows a significant effect for local control. By using LENT-SOMA scale for late toxicity, a significant difference was found for neurological complications for patients receiving a boost. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the series validate the concept of anatomical definition of the initial target volume. A boost should be realised for positive margin tumors and may be for high-grade tumors. Neurological toxicity must be considered for the evaluation of the prescribed dose.
