ABSTRACT
Some essential oils from several plants (Artemisia verlotorum, Lavandula augustifolia, Ocimum gratissimum) have proved to have acaricidal, antifungal and antibacterial activity. Inula viscosa Ait. (Asteraceae), a plant growing spontaneously in the Mediterranean area, is currently used by popular medicine for its therapeutic effects. Flavonoids, azulenes, sesquiterpenes, and essential oils have been isolated and identified from its leaves. This paper reports the results of the composition and antifungal activity in vitro against dermatophytes and Candida spp. of the four essential oils obtained by steam distillation of the leaves, flowers, whole plant and whole plants without flower extracts of I. viscosa. All the extracts proved to have a significant antifungal activity against dermatophytes even at low concentrations (0.01 mg/ml). The leaf extracts exhibited the greatest antifungal efficacy. The high concentration of the sesquiterpene (carboxyeudesmadiene), occurring in the leaf extracts, may explain its greater antifungal activity.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/isolation & purification , Candida/drug effects , Inula/chemistry , Microsporum/drug effects , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Oils/pharmacology , Trichophyton/drug effects , Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Candida albicans/drug effects , Flowers/chemistry , Hot Temperature , Italy , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Plant Oils/isolation & purification , Sesquiterpenes/isolation & purification , Sesquiterpenes/pharmacology , WaterABSTRACT
A new spectrophotometric method for determining manidipine dihydrochloride has been developed. The method was based on the formation of charge transfer complex between this drug as n-donor and iodine the s-acceptor. The iodine was found to form charge-transfer complex in a 1:1 stoichiometry with absorption bands at 290 and 353 nm. Conformity to Beer's law enabled the assay of dosage forms of this drug, the concentration range for the best accuracy is 3-11 micrograms/ml. The method can be applied successfully to the analysis of commercially available manidipine dihydrochloride tablets.
Subject(s)
Calcium Channel Blockers/analysis , Dihydropyridines/analysis , Iodine/chemistry , Calibration , Nitrobenzenes , Pharmaceutical Solutions , Piperazines , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet , TabletsABSTRACT
A sesquiterpene lactone, tomentosin, has been isolated and identified form Inula viscosá Ait (Asteraceae) flowers. The molecule, at 1 mg/ml concentration, showed to be active in vitro against Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Candida/drug effects , Inula/chemistry , Lactones/pharmacology , Microsporum/drug effects , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Sesquiterpenes/pharmacology , Trichophyton/drug effects , Antifungal Agents/chemistry , Antifungal Agents/isolation & purification , Candida albicans/drug effects , Chromatography, Thin Layer , Lactones/chemistry , Lactones/isolation & purification , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Molecular Structure , Sesquiterpenes/chemistry , Sesquiterpenes/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
The authors carried out a preliminary screening about the in vitro antifungal activity of some extracts of flowers and leaves of Inula viscosa obtained with different solvents. All extracts showed antifungal activity against dermatophytes and Candida species. The best results were obtained with Inula viscosa flowers extracts. These results may be ascribed to the different flavonoids and different flavonoid concentrations in our samples.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Inula/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Candida/drug effects , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Plant Leaves/chemistryABSTRACT
A study was carried out to assess the in vitro antifungal activity of some natural Apulian propolis extracts of different origin. Their antifungal activity was compared to the antifungal activity of conifers and commercial propolis extracts. All extracts revealed antifungal activity against dermatophytes and Candida species. The antifungal activity differences found depended on the origin of the propolis and the solvent used for extraction. The best antifungal activity was given by the 'Orimini' propolis. The antifungal activity may have been influenced by the presence of different cinnamic and flavonoid components and their different concentration in the extracts. Further investigations are needed to validate this hypothesis.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Propolis/pharmacology , Arthrodermataceae/drug effects , Aspergillus/drug effects , Candida/drug effects , Croatia , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Yeasts/drug effectsABSTRACT
We isolated and identified the following flavonoid compounds from the dried leaves of some blooming cultivars of Olea europaea L.: hesperidin, rutin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, apigenin, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, quercetin, kaempferol. The structure of the isolated flavonoids was determined by UV, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HPLC.
Subject(s)
Flavonoids/isolation & purification , Plant Leaves/chemistry , TreesABSTRACT
Increasing dosages of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-4-hydroxypiperidine (MPIP) were administered i.p. to rats. Histopathological examination of these animals revealed effects on the central nervous system.
Subject(s)
Central Nervous System Agents/chemical synthesis , Piperidines/chemical synthesis , Animals , Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Brain/pathology , Central Nervous System Agents/pharmacology , Central Nervous System Agents/toxicity , Male , Piperidines/pharmacology , Piperidines/toxicity , RatsABSTRACT
The Authors carried out a research on the residues of Levamisole, a well known antihelmintic drug, in the muscles, livers, kidneys and blood from sheep treated with therapeutical doses. The results suggest that highest levamisole concentrations in the organs have been detected between the second and the third day (3.25 ppm in muscles; 1.40 ppm in livers; 0.22 ppm in kidneys). Remarkable residues have already been verified in blood during the first determination (4 h after the treatment) but these have been rapidly eliminated. Besides, a gradual diminution of the residues was observed until the seventh day from the treatment.
