ABSTRACT
Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including squamous carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma, accounting for about 85% of all lung cancer types with most of the patients presenting with advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. In this setting first-line platinum-based chemotherapy for no more than 4-6 cycles are recommended. After these cycles of treatment, non-progressing patients enter in the so called "watch and wait" period in which no further therapy is administered until there is disease progression. In order to improve the advanced NSCLC outcomes, the efficacy of further treatment in the "watch and wait" period was investigated. This is the "maintenance therapy". Recently, the results coming from randomized phase III trials investigating two new agents, pemetrexed and erlotinib, in this setting led to their registration for maintenance therapy. Here, we report and discuss these results.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy , ErbB Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors , Glutamates/administration & dosage , Guanine/analogs & derivatives , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Molecular Targeted Therapy , Quinazolines/administration & dosage , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors , Administration, Oral , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology , Disease Progression , Disease-Free Survival , Drug Administration Schedule , Erlotinib Hydrochloride , Female , Guanine/administration & dosage , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Male , Pemetrexed , PrognosisABSTRACT
Capecitabine is an orally administered fluoropyrimidine carbamate which has been developed as a prodrug of 5-FU with the goal to improve its tolerability and intratumoral drug concentration. The review aims to provide an evidence-based update of clinical trials investigating the clinical efficacy, adverse-event profile, dosage and administration of this drug, alone or in combination with conventional chemotherapeutics and/or new target-oriented drugs, in the management of colorectal cancer patients.