ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Limited information exists regarding injury risk factors for high school athletes. The Functional Movement Screen (FMS™) has been used to identify functional movement impairments and asymmetries, making it a potential predictor of injury. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: To determine if the FMS™ is a valid predictor of injury in high school athletes and to identify a potential new FMS™ cutoff score for this population. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective Cohort. METHODS: 167 high school athletes among several sports were scored using the FMS™ and were monitored for injury during a single season. Likelihood ratios were calculated to determine how much a subject's total FMS™ score influenced the post-test probability of becoming injured. RESULTS: Of the 167 participants, 39 sustained a musculoskeletal injury. Of all component scores, the in-line lunge scores were significantly higher for injured players. For shoulder mobility, scores were significantly lower for injured players. No statistically significant associations were found between total FMS™ scores and injury status. CONCLUSION: The FMS™ may be useful for recognizing deficiency in certain movements, however this data suggests that the FMS™ should not be used for overall prediction of injury in high school athletes throughout the course of a season. Normative data from a large sample size is now available in the high school athlete demographic. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.
ABSTRACT
Dimethyldioxirane (DMDO), generated in situ by adding acetone to an aqueous solution containing potassium peroxymonosulfate (Oxone) at neutral pH, was investigated for inactivation of biological warfare agent simulants. The DMDO solution inactivated bacterial spores, fungal spores, vegetative bacterial cells, viruses, and protein by 7 orders of magnitude in less than 10 min. The kill rates of DMDO were more pronounced when compared to kill rates of buffered Oxone alone. Conditions for the use of DMDO as a biological decontaminant were optimized by evaluating the effects of age and temperature on open systems. DMDO effectiveness was compared to that of current decontaminant solutions such as DS2 (used by the U.S. military), bleach, and hydrogen peroxide and was shown to be superior in achieving a 7-log kill of Bacillus atrophaeus, a Bacillus anthracis spore simulant. The results demonstrate the potential for DMDO to fill the need for a noncorrosive, nontoxic, and environmentally safe decontaminant.
