ABSTRACT
A biodegradable diclofenac sodium (DS) microsphere system using chitosan has been characterized and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The particle size distribution and drug content was determined. The release rate data were investigated by using zero-order, first-order, Hixson-Crowel and Higuchi kinetics. The optimum DS-Chitosan microsphere formulation, empty chitosan microspheres, sustained release commercial product and plain drug were evaluated for pharmacological activity. The ulcerogenic index in rabbits was also determined.
Subject(s)
Diclofenac/administration & dosage , Animals , Chitin/analogs & derivatives , Chitosan , Delayed-Action Preparations , Diclofenac/adverse effects , Microspheres , Particle Size , Rabbits , Solubility , Stomach Ulcer/chemically induced , Stomach Ulcer/pathologyABSTRACT
Albino noninbred weanling male and female rats were fed a basic grain diet (Group 1), a basic diet supplemented with 0.5% nicotinamide (Group 2), a basic diet containing 33% bracken fern (BF) (Group 3), or a basic diet supplemented with 33% BF and 0.5% nicotinamide (Group 4) for 58 weeks. Dietary nicotinamide decreased the BF-induced incidence of both intestinal and bladder tumorigenesis by about 40%. The inhibitory effect of nicotinamide on the BF-induced intestinal and bladder tumors was significant at p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.01, respectively.
