ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the characteristics of vowel production of dysarthria after stroke, and the relationship between vowel production and speech clarity. Methods:From October, 2019 to January, 2020, 19 patients with post-stroke dysarthria and 18 healthy controls were asked to read a short essay to extract vowels, and measured the jaw distance, tongue distance, F2i/F2u, vowel space area (VSA), vowel articulation index (VAI), F1 and F2 variability, and speech clarity. The correlation between vowel production and speech clarity were analyzed. Results:Tongue distance, F2i/F2u, VSA, VAI, and speech clarity were less in the patients than in the controls (|t| > 2.268, P < 0.05), while F2 variability was more (t = 2.375, P < 0.05). F2i/F2u (r = 0.465), VAI (r = 0.488) and F2 variability (r = -0.504) were correlated to speech clarity (P < 0.05). Conclusion:The vowel production impaired in patients with post-stroke dysarthria, featured as abnormal articulatory movements, concentration of vowels and poor stability of vowels, which impacts the speech clarity.
ABSTRACT
Results and Conclusion:Articulation disorder for children is classified to Developmental Speech Sound Disorder (6A01.0). It involves in the eye, ear and related structures (s2), structures involved in voice and speech (s3), especially structure of external ear (s240), structure of middle ear (s250) and structure of inner ear (s260); voice and speech functions (b3), especially articulation functions (b320); communication (d3), learning and applying knowledge (d1), interpersonal interactions and relationships (d7), and community, social and civic life (d9), especially speaking (d330), conversation (d350), using communication devices and techniques (d360) and acquiring language (d133). The assessment of articulation disorder should be covered articulation accuracy and motor function of articulation. A holistic rehabilitation solution for children with articulation disorder has been developed, involving in body structure, body function, activities and participation, and environmental factors, including assessment, training and treatment, educational counseling, and psychological and social support. Objective:To explore the diagnosis of diseases and functioning of articulation function and conduct content analysis of assessment tools in Chinese, and to construct framework of rehabilitation solution based on International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11), International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (Children and Youth version) (ICF-CY) and International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI). Methods:The diagnosis of disease and functioning was discussed with ICD-11 and ICF. The assessment tools were analyzed with ICF. A holistic rehabilitation solution was constructed with ICF and ICHI.
ABSTRACT
Objective To assess the feasibility of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for monitoring the phagocytic activity in the brain tissue of rats following focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Methods Forty male SD rats were randomized into 5 groups, namely 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining group (n=4), sham-operated group (n=6), and 3 cerebral IR injury groups with reperfusion time of 24, 48, and 72 h (n=10). USPIO was intravenously injected after focal cerebral IR injury, and MRI was performed at 24, 48, and 72 h after the reperfusion. The rats were sacrificed at 24, 48 and 72 h, and frozen sections of the local brain tissues were prepared to observe the cell death with HE staining, iron particle distribution with Prussian blue staining and the activity of the macrophages by CD68 immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescent labeling. Results The ischemic lesions were identified as hyperintense area on T2-weighted images (T2WI) after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The accumulation of USPIO appeared as hyperintense areas on T1WI and hypointense area on T2WI. The maximum signal change was observed at 24 h on T1WI (1.60±0.28) and at 48 h on T2WI (0.92±0.17) (P<0.05), and at each of the time points, the enhancement was significantly greater on T1WI than on T2WI (P<0.05). No obvious signal changes were found in the control group. Prussian blue staining detected iron oxide particles in both the peripherals of the ischcmic region and the necrotic area. A similar distribution pattern of the macrophagcs or activated microglia was found by CD68 immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescent labeling. Conclusion USPIO-cnhanced MRI allows dynamic monitoring of the inflammatory reaction in the local brain tissues aftcr focal cerebral IR injury.