ABSTRACT
Two experimental lots of hepatitis B vaccine were prepared by purification of HBsAg from human plasma, inactivation at 100 degrees C for 2 min and at 37 degrees C for 72 hours with formalin in a concentration of 1:4000. The former lot comprises purified HBsAg (40 mg/ml) adsorbed with 0.32 mg % Al(OH)3, the latter consists of purified HBsAg stabilized with 0.1% human albumin and adsorbed with 1 mg% Al(OH)3. The immune response after vaccination with the first lot was observed in 54.54% of the vaccinees. The second vaccine after 3 administrations of 80 micrograms/ml each produced a very good primary and a very good secondary immune response. Both vaccines are nonreactogenic and well tolerated by the vaccinees.
Subject(s)
Hepatitis B/prevention & control , Viral Hepatitis Vaccines/administration & dosage , Animals , Drug Evaluation , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Guinea Pigs , Hepatitis B/immunology , Hepatitis B Antibodies/analysis , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/immunology , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/isolation & purification , Humans , Immunity, Cellular , Immunization , Immunization, Secondary , Time Factors , Viral Hepatitis Vaccines/immunology , Viral Hepatitis Vaccines/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Immune electron microscopy (IEM) was employed in studying faecal samples of viral hepatitis type A patients and their contacts, in whom the presence of an antigen, differing from the HBsAg, designated as Botevgrad antigen (BA) was proved by the CFT. Particles 25--28 nm in diameter, aggregated by sera positive for the anti-HAAg were established in the faecal samples. The buoyant density of these particles in CsCl was found to be 1.40 g/ml. Particles of the same buoyant density were established also in sera positive for BA which were aggregated in large masses with antiserum against BA obtained from rabbits. The associations between BA and HAAg are discussed.
Subject(s)
Antigens, Viral/analysis , Hepatitis A/immunology , Hepatovirus/ultrastructure , Animals , Feces/microbiology , Hepatovirus/immunology , Humans , Immune Sera , Rabbits/immunologyABSTRACT
Immune response to hepatitis type A antigen (HAAg) was measured by the passive hemagglutination test (PHA) and by the immune adherence test (IAHA). Specific antibodies found by PHA are of the IgM class which indicates a recent exposure to hepatitis A virus. The antibodies found by IAHA reflect the level of postinfectious immune status. The antibody curve is highest in the age group of 30--49 years (95%). The above-mentioned serological tests were carried out with purified by gel filtration in Sepharose 6B Botevgrad faecal morphologically consisting of 27 nm particles with the buoyant density in CcCl of 1.40 g/ml. The same particles were aggregated with sera positive for antibody to hepatitis type A antigen in immune electron microscopy (IEM).
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/analysis , Hepatitis A/immunology , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Antigens, Viral , Bulgaria , Child , Child, Preschool , Complement Fixation Tests , Disease Outbreaks , Hemagglutination Tests , Hepatitis A/epidemiology , Hepatitis A/transmission , Hepatovirus/immunology , Humans , Immune Adherence Reaction , Middle AgedABSTRACT
The development of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) to the surface antigen of hepatitis B virus (HBSAg) and Botevgrad antigen (BA) was traced in 50 hepatitis patients. Migration inhibition test (MIT) was performed with purified HBSg and AB. Blood samples from every hepatitis patient were obtained at the beginning of the icteric phase, 10 days later and during convalescence. There was correlation between the two types of viral hepatitis and the type of cellular immune response. The development of CMI is associated with disappearance of HBSAg from the serum of hepatitis patients. CMI to HBSAg develops within 9-12 days after the onset of icterus and to BA during the first two days of icterus. There is a relationship between the persistence of HBSAg and CMI.
