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Objective To explore the effect of early enteral nutritional (EEN) support rate of reaching the standard on the prognosis of mechanical ventilation (MV) patients with fulminant myocarditis. Methods The clinical data of 17 MV patients with fulminant myocarditis admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Yinzhou Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University Medical College from February 11, 2015 to May 15, 2018 were analyzed retrospectively, and according to whether the 60% calculated nutritional target value of early enteral nutrition (EEN) was achieved within 7 days of treatment or not, they were divided into an EEN support standard group (10 cases) and a non-standard group (7 cases). The clinical data of MV time, length of stay in ICU, total hospitalization time, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score and albumin (Alb) and prealbumin (PA) on the date of entering into ICU and on the date getting out of ICU were collected in the two groups, the difference of above indexes were compared between the two groups. Results The MV time, length of stay in ICU and the total hospitalization time in EEN support standard group were obviously shorter than those in EEN support non-standard group [MV time (hours): 93.59±32.11 vs. 131.07±45.34, length of stay in ICU (days): 14.78±5.24 vs. 19.21±6.78, total hospitalization stay (days): 21.28±5.62 vs. 27.19±4.82, all P < 0.05]. In comparisons between the two groups, the APACHE Ⅱ scores on discharge from ICU and the difference values in Alb, PA respectively between levels on date entering into ICU and getting out of ICU were of no statistical significant differences [APACHE Ⅱ score out of ICU: 6.72±2.14 vs. 7.21±2.15, Alb difference value between levels entering into ICU and getting out of ICU (g/L): 3.59±2.23 vs. 4.18±1.93, PA difference value as above mentioned (mg/L): 20.81±12.13 vs. 16.07±17.34, all P > 0.05]. Conclusion The standard EEN support for patients with acute fulminant myocarditis undergoing MV can shorten MV duration, length of stay in ICU and total hospitalization time.
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Objective To observe the effect of early enteral nutrition (EN) on immune function in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods Nineteen patients with SAP admitted to Yinzhou People's Hospital of Ningbo City from March 11, 2015 to December 16, 2016 were enrolled, they were divided into two groups according to the different times of EN given, 11 patients who were early supported with EN were assigned in the research group and another 8 patients whose EN support was delayed were included in the control group. The patients in two groups were treated with routine non-operative western medicine after admission, and the jejunal nutritional tube was placed in the nasal cavity for EN administration. The research group was given early EN beginning at 72 hours after admission, on the first day, 250 mL sugar saline was administered at a rate of 60 mL/h, and on the second day and afterward, it was changed to 200 mL Ruineng (a commercial kind of EN); in the control group, the EN began on 7 to 10 days after admission, using the same principle and method as the research group; EN was given for 3 weeks in both groups. Venous blood was collected from each patient before and after the EN support, and immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM and IgA) levels were determined by immunoturbidimetry, the time of improved Marshall score ＜ 1 was observed. Results The levels of immunoglobulin IgG (g/L: 11.13±2.56 vs. 8.17±1.12), IgM (g/L: 1.71±0.96 vs. 0.76±0.71) and IgA (g/L: 3.74±1.85 vs. 2.13±0.13) in the research group after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment (all P ＜ 0.05);the changes in the above indicators before and after treatment in the control group were not obvious [IgG (g/L): 8.32±0.93 vs. 8.21±1.04, IgM (g/L): 0.87±0.73 vs. 0.81±0.66, IgA (g/L): 2.15±0.37 vs. 2.11±0.17]. The levels of IgG, IgM and IgA in the research group after treatment were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P ＜ 0.05), the time of Marshall score ＜ 1 was siginificantly shorter than the research group than that in control group (days: 12.31±1.27 vs. 16.18±1.13, P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Administration of EN as early as possible can effectively enhance the immune function of patients with SAP and improve their prognosis.
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Objective To investigate the distribution of virulence-related genes in multidrug resistant Escherichia coli.Methods Seven virulence genes papA,cnf1,cnf2,cfaB,ipaB,hofQ and ompT were detected by PCR in 20 strains of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli clinically isolated,and the positive genes were further searched in 31 strains of Escherichia coli in BioCyc database whose genomies had been fully sequenced.Results Virulence genes hofQ and ompT were detected in 20 strains of Escherichia coli with a positive rate of 95.0％ (19/20) and 55.0％ ( 11/20),respectively.Among 31 strains of Escherichia coli in BioCyc,21 (67.7％) were positive for hofQ gene and 15 (48.4％) were positive for ompT gene.Conclusion hofQ and ompT genes are prevalent in multidrug resistant Escherichia coli.
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OBJECTIVE To study the mechanisms of chromosome and plasmid-mediated quinolones resistance in Escherichia coli(ECO).METHODS Clinical isolates of ECO were collected from clinical specimens at ICU of Yinzhou People′s Hospital from Dec 2007 to Jun 2008.To detect the susceptibility to 30 types of antibiotics K-B disk diffusion method was used.The susceptibicity to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were detected by agar dilution testing.Then six type genes gyrA,qnrA,qnrB,qnrS,aac(6′)-Ⅰb-Cr,and qepA were investigated by PCR.In the meantime,the PCR products were sequenced.RESULTS The alterations in gyrA were found in all 20 tested strains.Two new subtypes were found in ECO 13 and ECO 15.Three strains were found acc(6′)-Ⅰb-Cr and ECO 2 was detected qurA gene.CONCLUSIONS The mutations in gyrA play a dominant role in the resistance to quinolones in ECO.Both aac(6′)-Ⅰb-Cr and qepA may responsible for quinolones resistance in ECO too.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the antibiotics resistance of Escherichia coli(ECO) and distrubtion of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes and 16S RNA methylase genes in ICU.METHODS The samples of 20 ECO isolates were collected from Dec 2007 to Jun 2008 of patients in ICU.To determine the sensitivity to the 30 antibacterials K-B method was used and aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes and 16S RNA methylase genes were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction(PCR).RESULTS In among the 20 ECO isolates,8 strains carried aac(3)-Ⅱ(40%),3 carried aac(6′)-Ⅰb(15%) and ant(3″)-Ⅰ(15%),1 be found aph(3′)-Ⅰ(10%)and 13 be found aadA4/5 aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes genes,no strain carried 16S RNA methylase genes.CONCLUSIONS aac(3)-Ⅱ、aac(6′)-Ⅰb,ant(3″)-Ⅰ,aph(3′)-Ⅰ and aadA4/5 aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes genes exist in ECO widely,they should be the main cause inducing the high rate of drug-resistance to aminoglycosides.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the antibiotics resistance of multi-resistant Acinetobactor baumannii(ABA) and genotypes of beta-lactamases in ICU.METHODS The samples of 20 A.baumannii isolates were collected from Oct 2007 to Jul 2008 from patients in ICU.To determine the sensitivity to the 32 kinds of antibacterials,K-B method was used and the detection of ESBLs and AmpC beta-lactamases was performed by three dimensional test and 21 types of beta-lactamases genes were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction(PCR).RESULTS Among the 20 ABA isolates,all carried TEM beta-lactamases gens(100%),10 carried OXA-23 beta-lactamases gens(50%) and 15 strains carried ADC beta-lactamases gene(75%),50% strains produced TEM,OXA-23 and ADC beta-lactamases simultaneously.Through determining sequence of one PCR product from TEM,OX23 and ADC respectively,we found TEM-116,OXA-73 and ADC-25 type beta-lactamases genes.CONCLUSIONS The antibiotics resistance of ABA is very serious.TEM,OXA-23 and ADC exist in multi-resistant A.baumannii widely.It should be the main causes as high rate of drug-resistantce to beta-lactamantibiotics.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the antibiotic resistance of multi-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(ABA) and distribution of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes and 16S rRNA methylase genes in ICU in Yinzhou People′s Hospital in Ningbo. METHODS The samples of 20 ABA isolates were collected from Oct 2007 to Jul 2008 in ICU.K-B method was used to determine the sensitivity to 32 antibacterials and the aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes and 16S rRNA methylase genes were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction(PCR). RESULTS From 20 ABA isolates,8 strains carried aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes genes aac(3)-Ⅰ,aac(3)-Ⅱ,aac(6′)-Ⅰb,and ant(3″)-Ⅰ,their positive rate was 10%,15%,30% and 25%,respectively;no strain carried 16S rRNA methylase genes. CONCLUSIONS The antibiotics resistance of A.baumannii is very serious in Yinzhou People′s Hospital in Ningbo.Aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes genes aac(3)-Ⅰ,aac(3)-Ⅱ,aac(6′)-Ⅰb and ant(3″)-Ⅰ exist in multi-resistant A.baumannii widely.They would be the main causes of high drug-resistantce to aminoglycosides.
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OBJECTIVE To study the existence status of class Ⅰ integron and transposable element of multi-resistant Acinetobactor baumannii isolated form ICU of Yinzhou People′s Hospital in Ningbo. METHODS The samples of 20 A.baumannii isolates were collected from Oct 2007 to Jul 2008.The susceptibility to 32 antibiotics of the isolates was measured.The genetic markers of integron qacE△1-sul1 and transposable element tnpU were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The PCR products of tnpU or qacE△1-sul1 were sequenced for determination. RESULTS In the 20 ABA isolates,the positive rate of class Ⅰ integron qacE△1-sull was 75%,and the positive rate of transposable element tnpU was 55.0%. CONCLUSIONS The positive rate of the integron qacE△1-sul1 and transposable element tnpU for multi-resistant A.baumannii is high in Yinzhou People′s Hospital in Ningbo.It should be reevaluated the preventative role of chlorhexidine for operation.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate mycoplasma infection in ICU patients.METHODS Sixty-five samples from blood,respiratory tract and genitourinary tract of patients were collected respectively from Oct 2007 to July 2008 in ICU.Mycoplasma pneumoniae(Mp),Urealasma urealytium(Uu) M.fermentans(Mf) and M.penetrans(Mpe) were cultivated by modified mycoplasma fluid and solid medium.Mf and Mpe positive isolates were verified by nested polymerase chain reaction(rPCR),Mp and Uu were confirmed by fluorescent quantitative PCR.RESULTS It was found that the positive detection rate for Mp was 12.3%(8/65)in blood and 35.4%(23/65) in respiratory tract excreta and for Mu 1.5%(1/65) and 26.2%(17/65) in blood or Genitourinary tract,respectively.Mpe and Mf did not detected.CONCLUSIONS The state of mycoplasma infection is very severe,and often accompanies bacterial infection.It is necessary to consider mycoplasma when chose antibiotics.
