ABSTRACT
Methanolic extract and two purified compounds (brazilin and hematoxylin) from Caesalpinia sappan were examined for their relaxant effects in isolated rat thoracic aorta. The methanolic extract significantly and dose-dependently relaxed the alpha1-receptor agonist phenylephrine-precontracted aortic rings, without affecting passive tension of these vessels. Removal of the vascular endothelium, inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthase with 0.1 mM Nomega-nitro-L-arginine and of cGMP biosynthesis with 10 microM methylene blue abolished the vasorelaxant effects of the herbal extract at doses up to 30 microg/ml. Similar vasorelaxant effects were observed with brazilin and hematoxylin. Therefore, these results suggest that brazilin and hematoxylin may be responsible for the vascular relaxant effects of C. sappan, via endogenous NO and subsequent cGMP formation. The vascular relaxant effects of the plant may contribute to its therapeutic actions.
Subject(s)
Aorta, Thoracic/enzymology , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/enzymology , Nitric Oxide Synthase/metabolism , Vasodilator Agents , Animals , Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects , Benzopyrans/pharmacology , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects , Endothelium, Vascular/enzymology , Fabaceae/chemistry , Fabaceae/therapeutic use , Hematoxylin/pharmacology , In Vitro Techniques , Male , Muscle Contraction/drug effects , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III , Phytotherapy , Plants, Medicinal , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Vasodilator Agents/chemistry , Vasodilator Agents/isolation & purification , Vasodilator Agents/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Geumonoid (1), a new triterpene, was isolated from Geum japonicum. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of 1D, 2D NMR and MS spectroscopic analysis. Compound 1 showed inhibitory activity against HIV-1 protease.
Subject(s)
Anti-HIV Agents/isolation & purification , HIV Protease Inhibitors/chemical synthesis , HIV-1/enzymology , Triterpenes/isolation & purification , Anti-HIV Agents/pharmacology , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Escherichia coli/enzymology , HIV Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology , HIV-1/drug effects , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Mass Spectrometry , Triterpenes/pharmacologyABSTRACT
AIM: To investigate the chemical constituents of Murraya kwangsiensis. METHODS: Compounds were isolated by silica gel column chromatography and TLC method, respectively. Structures of compounds were elucidated by spectral (UV, IR, MS, 1HNMR and 13CNMR) analysis. RESULTS: Five carbazole alkaloids and two other compounds were isolated and identified. Six of them are known compounds: murrayafoline A, murrayanine, koenine, isomahanine, palmitic acid and beta-sitosterol. One is a new alkaloid, named kwangsine. CONCLUSION: A new alkaloid, named kwangsine, was isolated from Murraya kwangsiensis Var. Six known compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Subject(s)
Alkaloids/chemistry , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Alkaloids/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Two new caffeoyl glycosides of phenethyl alcohol, suspensaside A (1) and suspensaside B (2), were isolated from the fruits of Forsythia suspensa. Also obtained in this investigation were two known compounds forsythiaside (3) and suspensaside (4). The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were established by ID and 2D NMR techniques and chemical methods.
Subject(s)
Caffeic Acids/isolation & purification , Glycosides/isolation & purification , Magnoliopsida/chemistry , Caffeic Acids/chemistry , Glucosides/chemistry , Glycosides/chemistry , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Models, ChemicalABSTRACT
A new furofuran mono-lactone, named forsythenin, was isolated from the fruits of Forsythia suspensa, together with the known compounds, ocotillone, ocotillol monoacetate, (6'-O-palmitoyl)-sitosterol-3-O-beta-D-glucoside and palmitic acid. The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic means and X-ray crystallography.
