ABSTRACT
This study investigated the acute toxicity of different concentrations of arsenic trioxide (As2 O3 ; ATO) on rat lungs. In total, 160 Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control, low-, medium- and high-dose groups, which were exposed to 0, 0.16, 1.60 and 16 µg/kg of ATO by intratracheal instillation, respectively. Samples were collected at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after exposure and the dynamic changes indicative of acute lung toxicity were monitored. Compared with the control group, the exposure groups exhibited significant changes such as increased lung water content ratio and protein concentration in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, pulmonary interstitial thickening, cell membrane edema, increased inflammatory factor concentration, JNK and P38 were significantly activated, and the degree of phosphorylation was increased. Furthermore, all the changes in the exposure groups were exposure concentration-dependent. ATO respiratory tract exposure can cause restrictive ventilatory disturbance in rats, and the degree of injury is exposure concentration-dependent.
Subject(s)
Air Pollutants/toxicity , Arsenic Trioxide/toxicity , Bronchi/drug effects , Inhalation Exposure/adverse effects , Lung/drug effects , Animals , Bronchi/immunology , Bronchi/pathology , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/chemistry , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Interleukin-10/blood , Interleukin-6/blood , Lung/immunology , Lung/pathology , MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects , Rats, Wistar , Toxicity Tests, Acute , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood , Water/metabolismABSTRACT
The paper dealt with the characterization of polysaccharide of Paecilomyces lilacinus NH-PL-03 strain. First, we extracted and purified exude polysaccharide from the fungal fermentation broth by ethanol depositing method. Second, the proteins were removed by the Sevage method from the crude polysaccharide. Third, the purified polysaccharide (EP-1) was obtained after Superdex G-75 column separation. The results of UV-spectrometer and Sephacryl S-200 HR chromatography experiments showed that the EP-1 was a homogeneous pure polysaccharide with molecular weight of 35.2 kDa. Tested by paper chromatography analysis using the complete hydrolysis by sulfuric acid, we found that the EP-1 comprise single component as glucose. The chemical structure of EP-1 was confirmed as a kind of linear glucan linked by beta-(1,3) linkage. The Congo red reaction performed that EP-1 probable presented a triple-helical conformation in the dilute alkali.
