Subject(s)
Angiogenesis Inhibitors , Central Serous Chorioretinopathy , Intravitreal Injections , Propranolol , Rifampin , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A , Humans , Administration, Oral , Rifampin/administration & dosage , Rifampin/therapeutic use , Central Serous Chorioretinopathy/drug therapy , Central Serous Chorioretinopathy/diagnosis , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors , Propranolol/administration & dosage , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/administration & dosageABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study aimed to document the spectrum of ocular manifestations of hematological malignancies presenting to a tertiary health center in Eastern India and their association with blood parameters. METHODS: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2021 to July 2022. Patients diagnosed with leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma were enrolled in the study. A comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation was done in each case. RESULTS: A total of 97 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of hematological malignancies and meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Ocular manifestations were noted in 48 (49.48%) patients. Acute lymphocytic leukemia accounted for 35.4% of cases, followed by acute myeloid leukemia (31.25%), lymphoma (4.2%), and minimum manifestation in multiple myeloma (2.1%) patients. Among 48 patients with ocular manifestations, anterior segment involvement was found in 6.2% of cases, with subconjunctival hemorrhage being the most common, and the posterior segment was involved in 100% of patients, with intraretinal hemorrhages being the most common manifestation. A statistically significant association was noted between hemoglobin, total red blood cell count, and total platelet count with posterior segment manifestations ( p < 0.001). On multivariable logistic regression, only total leucocyte count and total platelet count were significant predictors for ocular manifestation. CONCLUSION: Indirect involvement of the retina is the most common ocular pathology in hematological malignancies, with intraretinal hemorrhages being the most common finding. Ophthalmic examination is highly recommended as a part of the routine evaluation at the time of diagnosis of hematological malignancies and periodically thereafter to diagnose any ocular involvement.
ABSTRACT
Post-operative endophthalmitis is a vision threatening complication following intraocular surgery requiring prompt treatment. Clinical picture mimicking infectious endophthalmitis can rarely be produced following intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection. A 65-year-old male with previous history of pars plana vitrectomy and lens removal was diagnosed with post-operative cystoid macular edema in his right eye. He received intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection in his right eye. Two days following the injection he complained of further reduction in vision and presented with a clinical picture resembling infectious endophthalmitis. Nil active intervention was done. There was significant improvement in vision one week following the injection. Ophthalmologists should be aware of this clinical scenario so that excessive and unwarranted treatment can be avoided.
Subject(s)
Endophthalmitis , Macular Edema , Photochemotherapy , Male , Humans , Aged , Triamcinolone Acetonide/adverse effects , Macular Edema/drug therapy , Macular Edema/etiology , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Vitreous Body , Photochemotherapy/methods , Photosensitizing Agents/therapeutic use , Endophthalmitis/diagnosis , Endophthalmitis/drug therapy , Endophthalmitis/etiology , Intravitreal InjectionsABSTRACT
We present a very rare case of torpedo maculopathy (TM) with multifocal central serous chorioretinopathy. A 26-year-old male presented with painless loss of vision in the right eye of 2 months duration. Clinical examination showed a torpedo-shaped lesion temporal to fovea and subretinal fluid in foveal center. Fluorescein angiography showed multifocal leaks. Optical coherence tomography showed an optically clear space/neurosensory detachment at the site of lesion. Patient underwent focal laser to the leaks. TM is a rare congenital disorder detected accidentally during routine fundus examination. It is usually unilateral and does not affect vision.
