[Intermodal vestibulo-optical transformation of sensory perception]. / Untersuchungen zur intermodalen vestibulo-optischen Transformation von Sinneswahrnehmungen.

There is no objective correlate for a reduction of the absolute threshold of excitability of the vestibular organ during subliminal rotation by the exposition of transient light stimuli, i.e. an intermodal vestibulo-optical transformation, which is supposed to be possible in aesthesiophysiology. Only on rotation at a speed near the limit threshold value, pseudomotions of the exposed lighting point will occur. However, these are the consequences of an eye movement reflex, of fixation or cervical reflexes, i.e. a phenomenal event, and not an exteroceptive measure for the identification of subliminar vestibular stimuli.

[Sudden death due to undiagnosed congenital laryngeal cyst]. / Plotselinge dood ten gevolge van een onopgemerkte congenitale larynxcyste.

Indicating signs of congenital cysts of the larynx are inspiratory stridor, dyspnea, weak cry, feeding difficulties. Complete or partial absence of such symptoms does not refer to a true congenital cyst. A false diagnosis could occur, due to small directive clinical signs. A relevant observation is communicated.

[Increase of phlegmonous forms of infection following angina]. / Uber eine Häufung phlegmonöser Formen von Sepsis nach Angina.

A sudden mini-epidemic of severe septic cervical soft tissue phlegmons following pharyngitis with thrombophlebitis of the jugular veins, mediastinitis and meningeal irritation posed problems of diagnosis and therapy because the typical symptoms were masked by the preceding treatment with antibiotics. The disease could only be partially controlled by intensive care. Three illustrative cases are reported.

[Otorhinolaryngologic manifestations of masked mono- or oligosymptomatic depressions]. / Oto-rhino-laryngologische Manifestationen larvierter mono- oder oligosymptomatischer Depressionen.

Symptoms of masked depression are often localised in the otorhinolaryngeal field. Headache, facial pain, dysphagia, burning sensations in the tongue, tinnitus, vertigo and voice and respiratory disorders were frequent complaints of 48 patients at our out-patient clinic between 1980 and 1985. After careful exclusion of organic disease, they proved to be due to endogenous depressive disorder. An increase in the number of such cases has been noted. One patient is described as an example of the problems of diagnosis.

[Experience with laser surgery pain therapy in advanced oropharyngeal tumors]. / Erfahrung mit der laserchirurgischen Schmerzbehandlung bei fortgeschrittenen Oropharynxtumoren.

The noticeable analgesic side effect by laser surgery of advanced oropharynx tumours is not based on simple heat conduction in the coagulation zone and its vicinity as originally supposed, but becomes a long-term effect only via directed, localised and penetrating destruction. Repeated ultrashort laser impulses of high intensity are imperative. The experience in 21 patients is reported.

[Long-term experiences with the Asai and Staffieri methods of voice rehabilitation after laryngectomy: a comparative study]. / Langzeit-Erfahrungen mit der Methode von Asai und von Staffieri zur Wiederherstellung der Stimme nach Laryngektomie: eine vergleichende Untersuchung.

Follow up of 45 patients who had undergone a surgical voice rehabilitation by Asai's or Staffieri's method showed clearly that the main problem of such operations is not the restoration of a good voice but the guarantee of a normal swallow. The low position of the tracheo-pharyngeal fistula in Staffieri's operation is particularly disadvantageous and often requires surgical closure of the neoglottis. A strict pre-operative assessment is indicated before all operative methods for voice rehabilitation. Oesophageal speech remains the best voice after laryngectomy and operative reconstruction is relegated to second place.

[Vagus death in foreign body bronchoscopy]. / Vagustod bei Fremdkörper-Bronchoskopie.

Vagus reflex death in foreign body bronchoscopy as a rare incident that severely incriminates medical work is described via a personal observation in an infant of 2 3/4 years of age. Typical symptoms are probably "thorax rigidity", sphincter-like stenosis of the bronchial lumina, paravertebral contraction atelectasis and catarrhal mucous membrane alterations of the respiratory tract. The bulb rhythm producing structures between the tractus solitarius and the nucleus ambiguus must be considered as origins of respiratory arrest.

[Experiences with the median drainage method of the frontal sinus in post-traumatic surgery]. / Expériences avec la méthode du drainage médian des sinus frontaux dans la chirurgie post-traumatique.

In 127 industrial and traffic accidents, which showed a damage of the rhinobasis or the posterior wall of the frontal sinus with or without dural rent, median drainage of the frontal sinuses was done after primary wound toilet. In all cases a sure and good working continuous drainage was achieved. Extra- or intracranial complications just as a re-stenosis of the new shaped approach were not observed. Short advices are given for the method of procedure.

Pathophysiology of subglottic tracheal stenosis in childhood.

Two particularly problematic clinical entities are chosen from the many possible causes of the pathophysiology of subglottic tracheal stenoses in childhood: malformations of the "hard" and "soft" types of stenosis occurring typically as primary lesions; and stenoses caused by trauma (following intubation or faulty tracheostomy) as the most common secondary lesions. It is shown with reference to experimental investigations that subepithelial layers play the leading role in the origin of stenoses, in contrast to hitherto existing ideas based on clinical observations. Traumatic stenoses caused by unphysiological mechanical stressing show striking parallels to those in other age groups, suggesting the conclusion that a reaction of the mesenchymal tissue layers of the airway regions in question is a typical response to mechanical forces.

[Is endonasal surgery of malignant ethmoid tumors in old age a feasible treatment method?]. / Ist die endonasale Operation maligner Siebbeintumoren im hohen Lebensalter eine statthafte Behandlungsmethode?

Basing on the advantageous long time results after endonasal operation in 2 cases of malign ethmoid tumours in the higher age of life the question is discussed, whether such a procedure could be admissible. According to the principles of tumour surgery it is fundamental denied. Nevertheless it is regarded as a therapy chance in exceptional cases on conditions mentioned by Kümmel.

[Indications and technics of laryngo-tracheo-bronchoscopy in newborn infants]. / Zur Indikation und Technik der Laryngo-Tracheo-Bronchoskopie des Neugeborenen.

A personal series of 319 laryngo-tracheo-bronchoscopies in neonates is reported including some special features such as functional disorders, peri- and postnatal trauma and foreign bodies. The advantages of rigid tubes at this early stage of life are specified and substantiated. Sedation is regarded as the most expedient form of anaesthesia because it is easily titrated. The nature and frequency of intra- and post-operative complications during neonatal endoscopies are described.

[Differential diagnosis of tumor-like changes in the external ear]. / Zur Differentialdiagnose tumorförmiger Ohrmuschelveränderungen.

Tumor-shaped auricular affections are rare. Usually the case history is little abounding, the symptoms are trifling in contrast to the local findings and the etiology is frequently settled in the borderdistrict to the internal medicine, the dermatology and the neurology. Therefore differential diagnosis can meet with difficulties. Basic on a relevant observation indications are given of the delimitation of such tumor-shaped auricular affections from each other.

The disease of Emperor Frederick III.

The disease and death of German Emperor Frederick III has often been described in historical and medical treaties. These were all based on official political and medical reports published during 1887-1888, the time of the disease. The assertion of laryngologists, made while Frederick III was still alive, that the laryngeal carcinoma developed from a specific syphilitic infection is examined here. On the basis of the relevant laryngological literature, as well as less well-known sources, the probability of this assumption, the particular symptoms, and the fulminant course of the disease are documented. The behavior and the personality of Sir Morell Mackenzie is accordingly seen in a different light than in the past.

[Laryngo-tracheo-bronchoscopy in the newborn infant. 10 years' review]. / La laryngo-trachéo-bronchoscopie du nouveau-né. Constat sur dix ans.

For a successful medical attendance of congenital as well as of peri- or postnatal acquired threatening stenoses of the respiratory tract of different genesis in neonates an exact endoscopic diagnosis of the locus and the character of the disease or rather the lesion is a prerequisite of any case. Based on experiences with 319 laryngo-tracheo-bronchoscopies with newborn children within the first three months of their lives, there is a retrospective analysis of indications, diagnoses and complications and a report on an approved method of endoscopic examination. Detailed instructions are given relative to the choice of instruments, the method of anaesthesia and to the expedient technical procedure. Basic rules are set up for general consideration.

[Diagnosis of esophageal wall perforation and its sequelae]. / Die Diagnose der Speiseröhrenwandperforation und ihrer Folgezustände.

Based on the symptoms of oesophageal wall perforation and its sequelae the significance of immediate examination and clinical observation are emphasised. This disease is difficult to diagnose by modern technology in the early stages. Advice is given on the main diagnostic symptoms and the appropriate sequence of examination.

[Transient, direction changing spontaneous and provocation nystagmus in the course of visceral lupus erythematosus]. / Flüchtiger, richtungswechselnder Spontan- und Provokationsnystagmus im Verlaufe eines Lupus erythematodes visceralis.

Vestibule dizziness in the course of Lupus erythematodes visceralis has not been investigated to any depth up until now. The observation of a transient, directional changing spontaneous and provoked nystagmus during an acute phase of the disease indicates that homogeneous short episodes of dizziness are probably not so rare, but the vestibular symptom, which possibly may be objectified only by Frenzel glasses examination, becomes not realized or disregarded. Pathogenesis and formanalysis of nystagmus are discussed.

[Tracheobronchial dyskinesia of the newborn infant and infant]. / La dyskinésie trachéo-bronchique du nouveau-né et du nourrisson.

Basing on 57 own observations the pathophysiology and clinical phenomenology of the different forms (tracheobronchial collaps, tracheobronchial prolaps) of tracheobronchial dyskinesia in newborn and infants are described. The tracheo bronchial collaps apparently prevails at this early age of life. Prognostically it is assessed most favourable. Contrarely to the tracheobronchial prolaps it generally does not need a thorough going treatment and disappears until the end of the second year of life nearly in all cases. Indications are given as the most rational therapeutical behaviour in both phenomenological forms of the tracheobronchial dyskinesia in newborn and infants.

[Cerebral anoxia with a fatal sequela caused by aspiration of a nasal tamponade]. / Hirnanoxie mit Todesfolge durch Aspiration von Nasentamponade.

4 deaths due to aspiration of a nasal pack with a similar sequence of events are reported to draw attention to the increased risk of nasal packing under general anaesthesia. The legal questions of anticipating the problems, avoidance of the incident, observance of the required degree of care and the distribution of the responsibility between the surgery and the anaesthetist are discussed.