[Neurogeriatrics--a new chapter in clinical neuropathology]. / Neirogeriatriia--novaia glava klinicheskoi nevropatologii.

An analysis is presented of age-related changes of the nervous system in the course of aging and their role in the development and course of age-dependent diseases, primarily, atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, parkinsonism, osteochondrosis etc. in the elderly and old. Practical physicians have to pay attention to the peculiarities of clinical symptomatology, diagnosis, treatment and secondary prophylaxis of nervous system diseases in the elderly and old.

[The dynamics of the cerebral circulation and of brain functional activity in patients with initial atherosclerotic encephalopathy under the influence of a single intravenous administration of sermion]. / Dinamika mozgovogo krovoobrashcheniia i funktsional'noi aktivnosti mozhga u bol'nykh s nachal'noi ateroskleroticheskoi éntsefalopatiei pod vliianiem odnokratnogo vnutrivennogo vvedeniia sermiona.

The efficacy of sermion was studied in 41 patients of the middle and elderly ages. The reactive changes in the parameters of the cerebral circulation (the frontomastoidal RhEG), total hemodynamics, frequency-integration characteristics of EEG and visual evoked potentials at the administration of 2 mg and 4 mg of sermion were shown. There are given recommendations for the differential approach to the choice of the drug doses in the elderly persons taking into consideration the parameters of the background reactivity of the CNS and the state of vascular regulation.

[Age-related features of the functional state of the brain in patients with circulatory encephalopathy]. / Vozrastnye osobennosti funktsional'nogo sostoianiia golovnogo mozga u bol'nykh distsirkuliatornoi éntsefalopatiei.

Complex clinico-physiological examinations was performed in 300 patients of middle and old ages with early and pronounced dyscirculatory encephalopathy of atherosclerotic and, in most cases, hypertensive etiologies. The cerebral hemodynamics was found to be relatively independent of the central one in patients with early atherosclerotic encephalopathy; the level of the systemic circulation and that of the median regional cerebral flow were found to correlate in early and advanced hypertensive encephalopathy cases. The cerebral function was shown to be more associated with the cerebral flow in the early encephalopathy in elderly patients than in middle-aged ones. The individual and personal traits of the patients were largely related to the disease stage rather than to the predominant etiological factor.

[Sermion treatment of middle-aged and elderly patients with initial atherosclerotic encephalopathy]. / Lechenie sermionom bol'nykh nachal'noi ateroskleroticheskoi éntsefalopatiei srednego i pozhilogo vozrasta.

The authors report results of a clinico-physiological study of the efficacy of a vasoactive agent sermion in patients with initial atherosclerotic encephalopathy indicating a positive effect of course treatment with this agent on the main clinical manifestations of the disease, pulse blood filling, bioelectric activity of the brain, psychomotor rate, mental working capacity, mnemonic function. Considering the established age-related differences in the efficacy of the agent, it is expedient to recommend sermion for long-term employment in the elderly. One should be cautious in instituting the drug in persons suffering of raised intraocular pressure.

[Initial dyscirculatory encephalopathy in middle-aged and elderly patients (problems of early diagnosis and therapy)]. / Nachal'naia distsirkuliatornaia éntsefalopatiia u bol'nykh srednego i pozhilnogo vozrasta (voprosy rannei diagnostiki i terapii).

Combined clinicophysiological investigation was performed in IDE (195 patients) in order to assess the degree of cerebral circulation disorders and their impact on the levels of brain functional activity. The informative values of several quantitative indices of brain hemodynamics and neurodynamics were assessed with respect to the patients' age. Single administration and full course of cavinton and sermion (nicergoline) were effective as judged by cerebral circulation studies (133Xe clearance), brain bioelectric activity (EEG frequency integration analysis, visual evoked potentials). In senile patients, the effect of i.v. sermion administration was dose-dependent.

[Clinical characteristics of the macro- and microcirculation of patients with initial disordered-circulatory arteriosclerotic and hypertensive encephalopathy at different ages]. / Osobennosti kliniki makro- i mikrotsirkuliatsii u bol'nykh nachal'noi distsirkuliatornoi ateroskleroticheskoi i gipertonicheskoi éntsefalopatiei v razlichnye vozrastnye periody.

The article presents clinico-hemodynamic characteristics of 81 patients with initial disordered-circulatory atherosclerotic encephalopathy (33 aged 45-59 years and 48 aged 60-74 years) and of 65 patients with hypertensive encephalopathy (32 aged 45-59 years and 33 aged 60-74 years). Fifty-six normal subjects served as controls. The findings confirm the role of abnormalities at various functional levels of the circulatory system in the pathogenesis of cerebral vascular insufficiency at early stages of the disease.

[State of cerebral and systemic blood circulation in patients with the initial manifestations of circulatory encephalopathy]. / Sostoianie mozgovogo i sistemnogo krovoobrashcheniia u bol'nykh s nachal'nymi proiavleniiami distsirkuliatornoi éntsefalopatii.

Parameters of the cerebral and systemic circulation were studied with the help of rheoencephalography in 119 patients with initial circulatory encephalopathy secondary to atherosclerosis (50 patients aged 45 to 59 years; 69, 60 to 74 years). Fifty-six healthy subjects served as a control group. The data obtained confirm the development of combined cardio-cerebrovascular insufficiency already at the initial stage of the disease and indicate the necessity of a comprehensive approach to the assessment of the function of two circulatory systems at an early stage of cerebrovascular pathology.

[Cerebral circulation and various indices of the functional status of the brain during aging]. / Mozgovoe krovoobrashchenie i nekotorye pokazateli funktsional'nogo sostoianiia mozga pri starenii.

Radionuclide examination of the cerebral blood flow as well as rheoencephalographic, electroencephalographic and experimental-psychological techniques were used to study the nature and interrelationship of changes in the hemodynamics and brain function in middle-aged and elderly people with initial manifestations of cerebral atherosclerosis. It was shown that the cerebral hemodynamics and neurometabolism may be improved by vasoactive means.

[Clinico-physiologic features of the initial manifestations of incomplete blood-filling of the cerebral circulation in young and middle-age cerebral atherosclerosis patients]. / Kliniko-fiziologicheskie osobennosti nachal'nykh proiavlentii nepolnotsennosti mozgovogo krovoobrashcheniia u bol'nykh tserebral'nym aterosklerozom molodogo i srednego vozrasta.

A combined study of the function of the central nervous system was carried out in 250 young and middle-aged patients (40-59 years) presenting initial clinical manifestations of cerebral vascular atherosclerosis. The age of the subjects allowed the authors to conditionally refer them to a group of patients with early cerebral atherosclerosis (ECA). The cerebral bloodflow was studied by examining such parameters as 133Xe clearance, functional REG, EEG, orientation reaction and visual evoked potentials: the findings obtained made it possible to specify the role of hemodynamic disorders in the formation of neurologic defect at this stage of the disease. The data presented point to a considerable acceleration of the aging process in patients with ECA, i.e., the so-called premature aging, manifested in the fact that such patients appear to be 10-15 years older than their age as judged by many age parameters. The authors recommend wider application of functional methods for the examination of the nervous system and hemodynamics aimed at determining the orientation and tactics of therapeutic and prophylactic measures with a view of preventing the progression and complications of the disease.