Ameloblastomas mimicking apical periodontitis: a case series.

BACKGROUND: Ameloblastomas are benign odontogenic tumors that can eventually mimic the clinical and radiological features of apical periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical, radiological and histological characteristics from a series of ameloblastomas mimicking apical periodontitis diagnosed in a 14-year period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: all cases histologically diagnosed as ameloblastomas from 2005 to 2018 presenting a clinical diagnosis of periapical lesion of endodontic origin were selected for the study. Clinical, radiological and histological characteristics from all cases were tabulated and descriptively and comparatively analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty cases composed the final sample, including 18 solid and 2 unicystic ameloblastomas. Mean age of the affected patients was in the fifth decade with predilection for males (72%). The most common anatomical location was the posterior mandible (55%) and most cases presented a radiolucent unilocular (80%) well-defined (95%) image. Most cases were asymptomatic, but the presence of local swelling and bone cortical rupture were common. CONCLUSIONS: Ameloblastomas mimicking periapical lesions of endodontic origin are mostly diagnosed in adult males as well-defined radiolucent unilocular lesions producing local swelling and bone cortical rupture.

Dietary intake and food contributors of polyphenols in adults and elderly adults of Sao Paulo: a population-based study.

A comprehensive estimation of polyphenol intake is needed to gain a better understanding of the association between polyphenol-rich food intake and the potential effects of this intake on chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to estimate the intake of polyphenols and the major dietary contributors in the population of Sao Paulo. Data were obtained from the Health Survey-São Paulo (ISA-Capital 2008) and were reported for 1103 adults and elderly adults. Food intake was estimated by one 24-h dietary recall (24HR). Polyphenol intake was calculated by matching food consumption data from the 24HR with the polyphenol content in foods listed in the Phenol-Explorer database. The mean total intake of polyphenols was 377·5 (se 15·3) mg/d. The main polyphenol classes were phenolic acids (284·8 (se 15·9) mg/d) and flavonoids (54·6 (se 3·5) mg/d). Intakes were higher in the elderly adults than in other adults (P<0·001) and higher in individuals with lower educational level (P=0·01) and current smokers (P=0·02). The main dietary contributors for total polyphenols were coffee (70·5 %), citrus fruits (4·6 %) and tropical fruits (3·4 %). Coffee was the major source of polyphenols, providing 266·2 (se 16·5) mg/d, and contributed 92·3 % of the phenolic acids and 93·1 % of the alkylmethoxyphenols. These findings will be useful for assessing the potential role on health of polyphenols and specific polyphenol-rich foods, such as coffee, and enable a comparison with people from other countries.

High intake of heterocyclic amines from meat is associated with oxidative stress.

High meat intake has been related to chronic diseases such as cancer and CVD. One hypothesis is that heterocyclic amines (HCA), which are formed during the cooking process of meat, can generate reactive species. These compounds can cause oxidation of lipids, proteins and DNA, resulting in oxidative stress, cell damage and loss of biological function. This association has been seen in vitro; however, it remains unclear in vivo. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between oxidative stress and HCA intake, and oxidative stress and meat intake. Data were from the Health Survey for Sao Paulo--ISA-Capital (561 adult and elderly). Food intake was estimated by one 24-h dietary recall (24HR) complemented by a detailed FFQ with preferences of cooking methods and level of doneness for meat. HCA intake was estimated linking the meat from the 24HR to a database of HCA. Oxidative stress was estimated by malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in the plasma, after derivatisation with thiobarbituric acid and quantification by HPLC/diode array. Analyses were performed using multivariate logistic regressions adjusted for smoking, sex, age, BMI, skin colour, energy intake, fruit and vegetable intake, and physical activity. A positive association between HCA intake and MDA concentration (OR 1·17; 95% CI 1·01, 1·38) was observed, showing that HCA from meat may contribute to increase oxidative stress, and may consequently increase the risk of chronic diseases.

Classificação e tipificação de carcaças bovinas na região oeste da Bahia em duas épocas do ano / Classification and grading of beef carcasses from the western region of Bahia during two seasons of the year

O resultado final de sistemas de produção de gado de corte é verificado nas carcaças. No Brasil, entretanto, é raro o frigorífico que separa os produtos conforme a qualidade, principalmente na região Nordeste. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar as carcaças bovinas na região oeste da Bahia em duas épocas distintas do ano (chuvosa e seca) de acordo com o Sistema Nacional de Tipificação de Carcaças Bovinas (SNTCB). As avaliações foram realizadas em frigorífico sob Serviço de Inspeção Federal (SIF), em Barreiras, Bahia. Foram amostradas 1.000 carcaças, metade no período seco (agosto) e o restante no período chuvoso (dezembro). Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva, obtendo-se média e erro padrão de cada variável-resposta. A época do ano não influenciou o abate em relação ao gênero dos animais, havendo equilíbrio entre machos inteiros (44%) e fêmeas (42%), com pouca participação de machos castrados (14%). O grau de maturidade dos animais abatidos foi elevado, sendo que cerca de 70% possuía acima de quatro dentes incisivos permanentes. As carcaças variaram quanto ao acabamento entre escores 2 e 4, sendo que 32% apresentaram cobertura de gordura escassa (escore ≤ 2) na época seca e 52% na época chuvosa. A estiagem prolongada afetou os resultados. Os dados de conformação indicaram mais de 90% das carcaças analisadas como retilíneas, sub-convexas e convexas, sendo que a maior parte delas pesou menos de 16@, peso mínimo recomendado pelo frigorífico. Foram tipificadas pela letra “I” 64% das carcaças analisadas, penúltima escala qualitativa no sistema oficial (B-R-A-S-I-L). Independente da época do ano, os bovinos abatidos na região oeste da Bahia resultaram em carcaças com reduzido padrão de qualidade em virtude do elevado grau de maturidade, conformação e acabamento inadequados e baixo peso. Melhoramento genético e manejo apropriado são necessários para a produção de carcaças de mais alto padrão de qualidade...(AU)

The final result of beef cattle production systems is verified in carcasses. However, in Brazil the cold storage facility rarely separates the products according to quality, especially in the northeastern region of the country. The objective of this study was to evaluate beef carcasses from the western region of Bahia during two seasons (rainy and dry) of the year according to the National Beef Carcass Grading System (Sistema Nacional de Tipificação de Carcaças Bovinas - SNTCB). The evaluations were performed at a cold storage facility in Barreiras, Bahia, which is monitored by the Federal Inspections Service (Serviço de Inspeção Federal - SIF). A total of 1,000 carcasses, half during the dry season (August) and the other half during the rainy season (December), were sampled. Descriptive statistics was used for data analysis and the mean and standard error of each response variable were obtained. The season of the year did not influence the sex of the animals slaughtered, with a balance between intact males (44%) and females (42%) and little participation of castrated males (14%). The degree of maturity of the slaughtered animals was high, with about 70% of the animals possessing more than four permanent incisors. The carcasses varied in terms of finishing from scores 2 to 4; 32% had a low fat cover (score ≤ 2) in the dry season and 52% in the rainy season. Prolonged drought affected the results. The conformation data indicated more than 90% of the carcasses to be rectilinear, subconvex and convex and most of them weighed less than 240 kg, the minimum weight recommended by cold storage facilities. Sixty-four percent of the carcass analyzed were graded as letter “I”, the penultimate score of the official system (B-R-A-S-I-L). Regardless of the season of the year, cattle slaughtered in the western region of Bahia resulted in low-quality carcasses due to the high degree of maturity, inadequate conformation and finishing, and low weight of the animals...(AU)

Classificação e tipificação de carcaças bovinas na região oeste da Bahia em duas épocas do ano / Classification and grading of beef carcasses from the western region of Bahia during two seasons of the year

O resultado final de sistemas de produção de gado de corte é verificado nas carcaças. No Brasil, entretanto, é raro o frigorífico que separa os produtos conforme a qualidade, principalmente na região Nordeste. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar as carcaças bovinas na região oeste da Bahia em duas épocas distintas do ano (chuvosa e seca) de acordo com o Sistema Nacional de Tipificação de Carcaças Bovinas (SNTCB). As avaliações foram realizadas em frigorífico sob Serviço de Inspeção Federal (SIF), em Barreiras, Bahia. Foram amostradas 1.000 carcaças, metade no período seco (agosto) e o restante no período chuvoso (dezembro). Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva, obtendo-se média e erro padrão de cada variável-resposta. A época do ano não influenciou o abate em relação ao gênero dos animais, havendo equilíbrio entre machos inteiros (44%) e fêmeas (42%), com pouca participação de machos castrados (14%). O grau de maturidade dos animais abatidos foi elevado, sendo que cerca de 70% possuía acima de quatro dentes incisivos permanentes. As carcaças variaram quanto ao acabamento entre escores 2 e 4, sendo que 32% apresentaram cobertura de gordura escassa (escore ≤ 2) na época seca e 52% na época chuvosa. A estiagem prolongada afetou os resultados. Os dados de conformação indicaram mais de 90% das carcaças analisadas como retilíneas, sub-convexas e convexas, sendo que a maior parte delas pesou menos de 16@, peso mínimo recomendado pelo frigorífico. Foram tipificadas pela letra “I” 64% das carcaças analisadas, penúltima escala qualitativa no sistema oficial (B-R-A-S-I-L). Independente da época do ano, os bovinos abatidos na região oeste da Bahia resultaram em carcaças com reduzido padrão de qualidade em virtude do elevado grau de maturidade, conformação e acabamento inadequados e baixo peso. Melhoramento genético e manejo apropriado são necessários para a produção de carcaças de mais alto padrão de qualidade...

The final result of beef cattle production systems is verified in carcasses. However, in Brazil the cold storage facility rarely separates the products according to quality, especially in the northeastern region of the country. The objective of this study was to evaluate beef carcasses from the western region of Bahia during two seasons (rainy and dry) of the year according to the National Beef Carcass Grading System (Sistema Nacional de Tipificação de Carcaças Bovinas - SNTCB). The evaluations were performed at a cold storage facility in Barreiras, Bahia, which is monitored by the Federal Inspections Service (Serviço de Inspeção Federal - SIF). A total of 1,000 carcasses, half during the dry season (August) and the other half during the rainy season (December), were sampled. Descriptive statistics was used for data analysis and the mean and standard error of each response variable were obtained. The season of the year did not influence the sex of the animals slaughtered, with a balance between intact males (44%) and females (42%) and little participation of castrated males (14%). The degree of maturity of the slaughtered animals was high, with about 70% of the animals possessing more than four permanent incisors. The carcasses varied in terms of finishing from scores 2 to 4; 32% had a low fat cover (score ≤ 2) in the dry season and 52% in the rainy season. Prolonged drought affected the results. The conformation data indicated more than 90% of the carcasses to be rectilinear, subconvex and convex and most of them weighed less than 240 kg, the minimum weight recommended by cold storage facilities. Sixty-four percent of the carcass analyzed were graded as letter “I”, the penultimate score of the official system (B-R-A-S-I-L). Regardless of the season of the year, cattle slaughtered in the western region of Bahia resulted in low-quality carcasses due to the high degree of maturity, inadequate conformation and finishing, and low weight of the animals...

EFICACIA Y SEGURIDAD DE LA INMUNOTERAPIA CON EXTRACTOS DE ÁCAROS EN RINOCONJUNTIVITIS ALÉRGICA Y EN ASMA BRONQUIAL / Effi cacy and safety of immunotherapy with mite extract in patients with allergic rhinoconjuctivitis and asthma

Para evaluar la efi cacia y seguridad de la inmunoterapia subcutánea (ITSC) con extractos de ácaros, se realizó un ensayo clínico doble ciego controlado con placebo en 154 pacientes mayores de 18 años con rinoconjuntivitis alérgica y/o asma bronquial. La ITSC se administró en una fase de incremento de dosis durante 13 semanas y una fase de mantenimiento con inyecciones mensuales. Como placebo se dieron inyecciones de solución diluyente. Se evaluó la efi cacia según calidad de vida, consumo de medicamentos y frecuencia de las crisis. Se aplicaron los cuestionarios de calidad de vida para rinoconjuntivitis (RQLQ) y cuestionario de calidad de vida para asma (AQLQ). La seguridad se midió según eventos adversos locales y sistémicos. Concluyeron el estudio 136 pacientes (77 con tratamiento y 59 controles). En ambos grupos hubo incremento de la puntuación de los cuestionarios de calidad de vida, mayores en el grupo de estudio (p=0,010). El consumo de medicamentos descendió en rinoconjuntivitis y asma, tanto en el grupo de estudio como en el grupo placebo, sin diferencias signifi cativas entre ambos (p=0,083). La frecuencia de las crisis de rinitis y asma disminuyeron en la muestra, con más reducción en el grupo de tratamiento (p= 0,027). Se reportaron reacciones locales y sistémicas ligeras en ITSC, no así en el grupo placebo, p=0,0003. Los resultados revelan que la inmunoterapia subcutánea con ácaros es efi caz y segura en pacientes con rinoconjuntivitis alérgica y asma(AU)

To evaluate the effi cacy and safety of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) a double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial was performed with mite extracts in 154 patient's 18-years elders, with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and/or bronchial asthma. The SCIT was administered in an increased dosage phase for a 13 week period followed by a maintenance phase with monthly injections. Diluted solution injections were given as placebo. Effi cacy was evaluated according to quality of life, medication use, and frequency of crisis. Rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ) and asthma quality of life questionnaire (AQLQ) were applied. Safety was measured according to local and systemic adverse events. 136 patients completed the study (77 with SCIT and 59 with placebo). In both groups there was an increase in the score of quality of life questionnaires, score was higher in SCIT (p = 0.010). Medication use declined in both rhinitis and asthma in the SCIT group as in the placebo group with no signifi - cant difference between them (p=0,083). The frequency of rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma crisis decreased in the study group, with a greater reduction in the treatment group (p=0.027). Slight local and systemic reactions were reported in SCIT, none in the placebo group, p=0.0003. The results indicate that subcutaneous immunotherapy with mites is effective and safe in patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma(AU)

Are the severe injuries of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by an exacerbated Th1 response?

American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) is a disease whose clinical features are strongly related to the type of immune response it induces. Herein we report an atypical presentation of cutaneous leishmaniasis in a woman with a severe and extensive sore located in her leg, and we describe the differences between the usual local immune response in ATL and the local immune response in this patient. We observed an intense inflammatory response characterized by Th1 cells and cytokines with conspicuous expression of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR-3). Few parasites were present, but there was an extensive tissue damage. We also discuss the immunological factors that could be related to the atypical presentation.

Spontaneous imbibition experiment in newspaper sheets.

We study the behavior of an ink-paper interface in a spontaneous imbibition experiment as a function of time and paper orientation. To characterize the interface roughness the growth beta and Hurst H exponents (calculated using the root mean square interface width W) and the H{q} scaling exponent (calculated using the qth order height-height correlation function) are used. Our results indicate that the values of H and H{q} depend on the orientation of the paper sheets, while beta does not, and that the interface exhibits a multiaffine character during all its evolution.

Usos potenciais de melia azedarach l. (meliaceae): um levantamento

ABSTRACT Different plants have been used as medicinal plants for many years. Moreover, various studies have been carried out to validate their active principles. Melia azedarach is widely used popularly, and various of its active principles have been isolated and some of its pharmacological actions have been tested and proven. These proven aspects include its antiviral, antimicrobial, antimalarial, antiparasitic, insecticidal, contraceptive and antifolliculogenesis properties. Therefore, this survey was conducted in regard to the main pharmacological, biological and chemical actions of M. azedarach in order to add to the knowledge concerning this plant, evidencing its medicinal potential and phytochemistry in relation to the use of this plant in popular medicine.

RESUMO Há muito tempo, diversas plantas têm sido utilizadas como medicinais. Além disso, inúmeras pesquisas são realizadas com o intuito de validar os seus princípios ativos. A Melia azedarach, que apresenta uma ampla utilização popular, já teve muitos princípios ativos isolados e várias ações farmacológicas testadas e comprovadas. Entre estas ações destacam-se a atividade antiviral, antimicrobiana, antimalarial, antiparasitária, inseticida, contraceptiva e antifoliculogênica e citotóxica devidamente comprovadas. Portanto, visando contribuir para um maior conhecimento a respeito desta planta, apresentamos um levantamento enfocando suas principais ações farmacológicas, biológicas e químicas. Evidenciando desta forma o seu potencial medicinal e fitoquímico, portanto sua utilização na medicina popular.

Haloperidol blood levels and clinical outcome: a meta-analysis of studies relevant to testing the therapeutic window hypothesis.

Haloperidol, the most studied antipsychotic drug, is the only one about which reliable statements on the relationship between blood levels and clinical outcome can be made. A systematic overview was undertaken to determine whether there was an optimum blood concentration range for clinical efficacy. Eighteen published studies which provided individual patient data in tables or graphs were reviewed. Clinical benefits tended to decline when the haloperidol blood concentration was increased above 26 ng/ml. Our data support the existence of a therapeutic window between 4 and 26 ng/ml for haloperidol in the treatment of schizophrenic, schizoaffective and schizophreniform disorders.